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Chopra H, Pancholia A, Desai BN, Sinha AK, Dabhade D, Newale S. Beta-Adrenergic Blockade: Is It the Prudent Choice against Sympathetic Overdrive in Patients with Hypertension or Heart Failure? JOURNAL OF CARDIAC CRITICAL CARE TSS 2022. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
AbstractThe development of hypertension and heart failure is correlated with the hyperactivation of the sympathetic nervous system. Beta-blockers are often considered a good therapeutic option in such clinical scenarios. However, the choice of β-blocker is a concern because of certain aspects like associated metabolic disturbances with their usage. Metoprolol has been reported to have the potential to alleviate sympathetic overdrive in patients with hypertension and heart failure. S-Metoprolol is the chirally pure β-blocker with favorable pharmacological features, improved safety profile, and allied clinical advantages versus racemic metoprolol; given this, can it be an effective therapeutic option against sympathetic overdrive in patients with hypertension and/or heart failure is not fully recognized yet. In this review, we attempted to discuss the current facts around sympathetic overdrive linked with hypertension as well as heart failure and pertaining pharmacological intervention with a focus on β-blockers in these clinical situations with an emphasis on the likely beneficial role of S-metoprolol.
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Affiliation(s)
- H.K Chopra
- Department of Cardiology, Medanta Moolchand Heart Institute - Moolchand Medcity, New Delhi, India
| | - A.K Pancholia
- Department of Medicine and Preventive Cardiology, Arihant Hospital and Research Center, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bhupen N. Desai
- Department of Cardiology, Desai Heart Care Clinic, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ajay K. Sinha
- Department of Clinical Cardiology and Research, Jaiprabha Medanta Super Speciality Hospital, Patna, Bihar, India
| | - Dhammdeep Dabhade
- Department of Medical Services, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanket Newale
- Department of Medical Services, Emcure Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Wolff A, Joshi RK, Ekström J, Aframian D, Pedersen AML, Proctor G, Narayana N, Villa A, Sia YW, Aliko A, McGowan R, Kerr AR, Jensen SB, Vissink A, Dawes C. A Guide to Medications Inducing Salivary Gland Dysfunction, Xerostomia, and Subjective Sialorrhea: A Systematic Review Sponsored by the World Workshop on Oral Medicine VI. Drugs R D 2017; 17:1-28. [PMID: 27853957 PMCID: PMC5318321 DOI: 10.1007/s40268-016-0153-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Medication-induced salivary gland dysfunction (MISGD), xerostomia (sensation of oral dryness), and subjective sialorrhea cause significant morbidity and impair quality of life. However, no evidence-based lists of the medications that cause these disorders exist. OBJECTIVE Our objective was to compile a list of medications affecting salivary gland function and inducing xerostomia or subjective sialorrhea. DATA SOURCES Electronic databases were searched for relevant articles published until June 2013. Of 3867 screened records, 269 had an acceptable degree of relevance, quality of methodology, and strength of evidence. We found 56 chemical substances with a higher level of evidence and 50 with a moderate level of evidence of causing the above-mentioned disorders. At the first level of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) classification system, 9 of 14 anatomical groups were represented, mainly the alimentary, cardiovascular, genitourinary, nervous, and respiratory systems. Management strategies include substitution or discontinuation of medications whenever possible, oral or systemic therapy with sialogogues, administration of saliva substitutes, and use of electro-stimulating devices. LIMITATIONS While xerostomia was a commonly reported outcome, objectively measured salivary flow rate was rarely reported. Moreover, xerostomia was mostly assessed as an adverse effect rather than the primary outcome of medication use. This study may not include some medications that could cause xerostomia when administered in conjunction with others or for which xerostomia as an adverse reaction has not been reported in the literature or was not detected in our search. CONCLUSIONS We compiled a comprehensive list of medications with documented effects on salivary gland function or symptoms that may assist practitioners in assessing patients who complain of dry mouth while taking medications. The list may also prove useful in helping practitioners anticipate adverse effects and consider alternative medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andy Wolff
- Tel-Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.
- Saliwell Ltd, 65 Hatamar St, 60917, Harutzim, Israel.
| | - Revan Kumar Joshi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, DAPMRV Dental College, Bangalore, India
| | - Jörgen Ekström
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Göteborg, Sweden
| | | | - Anne Marie Lynge Pedersen
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Gordon Proctor
- Mucosal and Salivary Biology Division, Dental Institute, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Nagamani Narayana
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center (UNMC) College of Dentistry, Lincoln, NE, USA
| | - Alessandro Villa
- Division of Oral Medicine and Dentistry, Department of Oral Medicine Infection and Immunity, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ying Wai Sia
- McGill University, Faculty of Dentistry, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ardita Aliko
- Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine, Tirana, Albania
- Broegelmann Research Laboratory, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | | | | | - Siri Beier Jensen
- Department of Odontology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
- Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Arjan Vissink
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Colin Dawes
- Department of Oral Biology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
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