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Chen C, Du M, Peng D, Li W, Xu J, Yang X, Zhou X. A Distinct Tobamovirus Associated With Trichosanthes kirilowii Mottle Mosaic Disease. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:927230. [PMID: 35801111 PMCID: PMC9253623 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.927230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Trichosanthes kirilowii is one of the most important perennial herbaceous vines that have been used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, a novel RNA virus was discovered in T. kirilowii plants showing leaf mottling and mosaic symptoms. The complete genome of this virus is 6,524 nucleotides long and encodes four open reading frames which are arranged in a manner typical of tobamoviruses. Phylogenetic analysis based on the complete genome sequence revealed that the virus was clustered into a branch with the tobamoviruses whose natural host are plants belonging to the family Cucurbitaceae. A full-length infectious cDNA clone was then constructed and demonstrated to establish a systemic infection with typical symptoms in Nicotiana benthamiana, T. kirilowii, and five other cucurbitaceous crops including Cucumis melo, C. lanatus, C. sativus, Luffa aegyptiaca, and Cucurbita pepo via agrobacterium-mediated infectivity assays. Further experiments provided evidence that the rod-shaped viral particles derived from the infectious clone could be mechanically transmitted and reproduce indistinguishable symptoms in the tested plants. Taken together, the mottle mosaic disease of T. kirilowii is caused by a distinct tobamovirus, for which the name Trichosanthes mottle mosaic virus (TrMMV) is proposed. As the infectious cDNA clone of TrMMV could also infect five other cucurbit crops, this distinct tobamovirus could be a potential threat to other cucurbitaceous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- Institute of Plant Protection, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Key Laboratory of Integrated Pest Management on Crops in Southwest, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, China
| | - Min Du
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Deliang Peng
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wulun Li
- Service Center of Qianshan Plant-Products Industry, Qianshan, China
| | - Jingfeng Xu
- Service Center of Qianshan Plant-Products Industry, Qianshan, China
| | - Xiuling Yang
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xiuling Yang,
| | - Xueping Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Xueping Zhou,
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Tran PT, Zhang CF, Citovsky V. Rapid generation of inoculum of a plant RNA virus using overlap PCR. Virology 2021; 553:46-50. [PMID: 33220619 PMCID: PMC8041095 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2020.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
We have developed an efficient method to rapidly generate infectious inoculum of a plant RNA virus and confirmed its infectivity by mechanical inoculation. The method takes advantage of overlap PCR to bypass the cloning steps, which makes it relatively simple, rapid, and inexpensive compared to the traditional methods. Using this approach, inoculum of a tobamovirus, Turnip vein clearing virus (TVCV), was generated. PCR products specific for the 35S promoter and TVCV genome were used as templates for overlap PCR to form a single product containing the full-length TVCV cDNA under the control of the double 35S promoter, and the entire process took only 8 h. This inoculum was infectious in Nicotiana benthamiana, and its infectivity was ca. 67% compared to 0% and 100% with negative and positive controls, respectively. Thus, this rapid method generates efficient infectious inoculum for a plant RNA virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu-Tri Tran
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, USA.
| | - Chao Feng Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, USA
| | - Vitaly Citovsky
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, State University of New York, Stony Brook, NY, 11794-5215, USA
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Tran PT, Fang M, Widyasari K, Kim KH. A plant intron enhances the performance of an infectious clone in planta. J Virol Methods 2019; 265:26-34. [PMID: 30578897 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2018] [Revised: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Although infectious clones are fundamental tools in virology and plant pathology, their efficacy is often reduced by the instability of viral sequences in Escherichia coli. In this study, we constructed an infectious clone of PepMoV (pPepMoV) in a bacterial binary vector (pSNU1); the clone induces symptoms of PepMoV in agroinfiltrated plants. During its modification and maintenance in E. coli, however, the pPepMoV infectious clone was instable in the bacteria. Manipulation of this unstable clone in the bacterial strain DH10B led to the spontaneous formation of a recombined clone with high stability in the bacteria but with reduced infectivity due to an unwanted insertion of an E. coli sequence in the NIa-protease coding region. Replacement of this sequence with a plant intron restored infectivity and maintained plasmid stability. In addition to restoring plasmid growth in both E. coli and Agrobacterium, the presence of the intron in the PepMoV sequence enhanced the accumulation of PepMoV in agroinfiltrated leaves and resulted in symptom induction in upper systemic leaves that was nearly as strong as with PepMoV sap-inoculation. Plant introns have been previously used to stabilize plasmids in E. coli without any effect or with an unexpected lag in symptom development. In contrast, the current results demonstrated the in vivo enhancement of an infectious clone by a plant intron.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phu-Tri Tran
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Miao Fang
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kristin Widyasari
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Kook-Hyung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea; Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
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Xu JL, Shin JS, Park SK, Kang S, Jeong SC, Moon JK, Choi Y. Differences in the metabolic profiles and antioxidant activities of wild and cultivated black soybeans evaluated by correlation analysis. Food Res Int 2017; 100:166-174. [PMID: 28888437 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2017] [Revised: 08/10/2017] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Wild soybeans are considered a potential resource for soybean domestication and an important source of genetic diversity for soybean crop improvement. Understanding metabolite-caused bioactivity differences between cultivated and wild soybeans is essential for designing a soybean with enhanced nutritional traits. In this study, the non-targeted metabolic profiling of 26 soybean varieties, 15 wild black soybeans (WBS) and 11 cultivated black soybeans (CBS), using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) in combination with multivariate analysis revealed significant differences in 25 differential metabolites. Among these, the soyasaponins Ab and Bb were found to be characteristic metabolites expressed more substantially in CBS than in WBS. Three different antioxidant assays and correlation analysis identified major and minor antioxidants that contributed to WBS having an antioxidant activity 4- to 8-fold stronger than that of CBS. Epicatechin, procyanidin B2, and cyanidin-3-O-glucoside were identified by both association analysis and the online LC-ABTS radical scavenging assay as being major antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu Liang Xu
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; Department of Food and Nutrition, Gangneung-Wonju National University, Gangneung, Gangwon 210-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong-Sook Shin
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Kwon Park
- National Institute of Crop Science, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 565-851, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungtaeg Kang
- Department of Crop Science and Biotechnology, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon-Chun Jeong
- Bio-Evaluation Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, Chungbuk 28116, Republic of Korea
| | - Jung-Kyung Moon
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeongju-si, JeongBook, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongsoo Choi
- Systems Biotechnology Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Gangneung 25451, Republic of Korea; Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Science and Technology, Youseng-gu, Daejeon 305-350, Republic of Korea.
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A genetically novel, narrow-host-range isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) from rosemary. Arch Virol 2016; 161:2013-7. [PMID: 27138549 DOI: 10.1007/s00705-016-2874-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Accepted: 04/22/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
An isolate of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV), designated CMV-Rom, was isolated from rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis) plants in several locations near Avignon, France. Laboratory studies showed that, unlike typical CMV isolates, CMV-Rom has a particularly narrow host range. It could be transmitted by aphids Aphis gossypii and Myzus persicae, but with low efficacy compared to a typical CMV isolate. Phylogenetic analysis of the nucleotide sequences of the CMV-Rom genomic RNAs shows that this isolate does not belong to any of the previously described CMV subgroups, IA, IB, II or III.
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Thompson JR, Langenhan JL, Fuchs M, Perry KL. Genotyping of Cucumber mosaic virus isolates in western New York State during epidemic years: Characterization of an emergent plant virus population. Virus Res 2015; 210:169-77. [PMID: 26254084 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2015.07.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 07/30/2015] [Accepted: 07/31/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
In the early 2000s an epidemic of cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) spread within the Midwestern and Eastern US affecting snap and dry bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) cultivation. Fifty one CMV isolates from this period were partially characterized from varied hosts by sequencing a section from each of the three genomic RNAs. Aside from one subgroup II strain from pepper, all isolates, including those from snap bean, fell within the IA subgroup. The nucleotide sequence diversity of virus populations sampled at multiple sites and at different years was significantly higher than that of a population from single site in a single year, although in general the number of polymorphisms was low (<11%). Complementary DNA (cDNA) clones of Bn57, a representative isolate from snap bean, were engineered for the production of infectious in vitro RNA transcripts initiated from a T7 promoter. Infections from these cDNAs resulted in symptoms consistent with those of the original field isolate, indicating that a satellite RNA is not involved in symptom expression in snap bean. These infectious clones were used to assess symptom determinants and the effects of virus infection on plant growth. Inoculations with pseudorecombinants derived from Bn57 and the non-bean infecting strain Fny confirmed RNA2 as a specific determinant for snap bean infection. Bn57, along with almost all isolates identified in this study contained the Y631 locus in the 2a protein, a determinant for systemic infection in bean. The presence of this locus extended to all non-bean hosts except two pepper infecting isolates. Infection by Bn57 in snap bean had a significant effect on pod number and mass with a 55 and 41 percent reduction in greenhouse assays, respectively. To our knowledge Bn57 is the first CMV strain isolated from P. vulgaris to be fully sequenced and cloned, providing a useful tool for analyses of CMV-host interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy R Thompson
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 334 Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA.
| | - Jamie L Langenhan
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 334 Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
| | - Marc Fuchs
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, New York State Agricultural Experiment Station, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Keith L Perry
- Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section, School of Integrative Plant Science, Cornell University, 334 Plant Science Building, Ithaca, NY 14853-5904, USA
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ASMIRA DAMAYANTI TRI, WIYONO SURYO. Genetic Diversity of Cucumber Mosaic Virus Strain Soybean from Several Areas. MICROBIOLOGY INDONESIA 2015. [DOI: 10.5454/mi.9.1.6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Phan MSV, Seo JK, Choi HS, Lee SH, Kim KH. Pseudorecombination between Two Distinct Strains of Cucumber mosaic virus Results in Enhancement of Symptom Severity. THE PLANT PATHOLOGY JOURNAL 2014; 30:316-22. [PMID: 25289019 PMCID: PMC4181118 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.nt.04.2014.0031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Recently, a Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) strain, named as CMV-209, was isolated from Glycine soja. In this study, symptom expression of CMV-209 was analyzed in detail in Nicotiana benthamiana by comparing with that of CMV-Fny, which is a representative strain of CMV. Using infectious cDNA clones of CMV strains 209 and Fny, symptom expression of various pseudorecombinants between these two strains were examined in the early and late infection stages. In the early infection stage, the pseudorecombinants containing Fny-RNA2 induced stunting and leaf distortion on the newly emerged leaves whereas the pseudorecombinants containing 209-RNA2 caused no obvious symptoms. In the late infection stage, the pseudorecombinants containing 209-RNA1 and Fny-RNA2 induced severe leaf distortion and stunting, while CMV-209 induced mild symptom and CMV-Fny caused typical mosaic, general stunting, and leaf distortion symptoms, indicating that RNA 2 encodes a symptom determinant(s) of CMV, which is capable of enhancing symptoms. Furthermore, our results support the possibility that natural recombination between compatible viruses can result in emergence of novel viruses causing severe damages in crop fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Sa Vo Phan
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
| | - Jang-Kyun Seo
- Crop Protection Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea
| | - Hong-Soo Choi
- Crop Protection Division, National Academy of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 441-707, Korea
| | - Su-Heon Lee
- Department of Applied Biology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Korea
| | - Kook-Hyung Kim
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology and Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Korea
- Corresponding author. Phone) +82-2-880-4677, FAX) +82-2-873-2317 E-mail)
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