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Dou Z, Liu C, Feng X, Xie Y, Yue H, Dong J, Zhao Z, Chen G, Yang J. Camel whey protein (CWP) ameliorates liver injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats and insulin resistance (IR) in HepG2 cells via activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway. Food Funct 2022; 13:255-269. [PMID: 34897341 DOI: 10.1039/d1fo01174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This research investigated the effects of camel whey protein (CWP) treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and insulin resistance (IR) HepG2 cell models. Body weight and fasting blood glucose were observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats every week, and biochemical parameters in serum samples were evaluated after 6 weeks. Antioxidant activity in the liver was estimated, and histological examination of the liver tissues was conducted. After CWP treatment, the glucose uptake and lipid accumulation were examined in insulin-resistant HepG2 cells. Our results indicated that CWP mitigated the body weight loss, reversed dyslipidemia, and inhibited the inflammatory response, in T2DM rats. Meanwhile, it protected the liver from being injured by reducing the level of oxidative stress. In the CWP group, the pathological changes were significantly reduced, while the liver lobule structure, liver cell arrangement, as well as congestion, edema, and vacuolization were improved. Our results from quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analyses showed that CWP could up-regulate the expression levels of insulin receptor substrate-2 (IRS-2), phosphoinositide3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (AKT), and glycogen synthase (GS). An active protein component CWP8 was isolated and identified, which was shown to be able to stimulate glycogen synthesis and ameliorate lipid accumulation in IR HepG2 cells. These data indicate that CWP and CWP8 might act as potential natural products regulating glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Dou
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China.
| | - Chen Liu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China.
| | - Xinhuan Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China.
| | - Yutong Xie
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China.
| | - Haitao Yue
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China. .,Xinjiang Camel Industry Engineering Technology Research Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China
| | - Jing Dong
- Xinjiang Bactrian Camel Research Institute, Fuhai, Xinjiang, 836400, China.,Xinjiang Camel Industry Engineering Technology Research Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China
| | - Zhongkai Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China.
| | - Gangliang Chen
- Xinjiang Bactrian Camel Research Institute, Fuhai, Xinjiang, 836400, China.,Xinjiang Camel Industry Engineering Technology Research Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Life Science and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China. .,Xinjiang Camel Industry Engineering Technology Research Center, Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830046, China
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Noh HS, Hah YS, Zada S, Ha JH, Sim G, Hwang JS, Lai TH, Nguyen HQ, Park JY, Kim HJ, Byun JH, Hahm JR, Kang KR, Kim DR. PEBP1, a RAF kinase inhibitory protein, negatively regulates starvation-induced autophagy by direct interaction with LC3. Autophagy 2016; 12:2183-2196. [PMID: 27540684 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2016.1219013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Autophagy plays a critical role in maintaining cell homeostasis in response to various stressors through protein conjugation and activation of lysosome-dependent degradation. MAP1LC3B/LC3B (microtubule- associated protein 1 light chain 3 β) is conjugated with phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) in the membranes and regulates initiation of autophagy through interaction with many autophagy-related proteins possessing an LC3-interacting region (LIR) motif, which is composed of 2 hydrophobic amino acids (tryptophan and leucine) separated by 2 non-conserved amino acids (WXXL). In this study, we identified a new putative LIR motif in PEBP1/RKIP (phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1) that was originally isolated as a PE-binding protein and also a cellular inhibitor of MAPK/ERK signaling. PEBP1 was specifically bound to PE-unconjugated LC3 in cells, and mutation (WXXL mutated to AXXA) of this LIR motif disrupted its interaction with LC3 proteins. Interestingly, overexpression of PEBP1 significantly inhibited starvation-induced autophagy by activating the AKT and MTORC1 (mechanistic target of rapamycin [serine/threonine kinase] complex 1) signaling pathway and consequently suppressing the ULK1 (unc-51 like autophagy activating kinase 1) activity. In contrast, ablation of PEBP1 expression dramatically promoted the autophagic process under starvation conditions. Furthermore, PEBP1 lacking the LIR motif highly stimulated starvation-induced autophagy through the AKT-MTORC1-dependent pathway. PEBP1 phosphorylation at Ser153 caused dissociation of LC3 from the PEBP1-LC3 complex for autophagy induction. PEBP1-dependent suppression of autophagy was not associated with the MAPK pathway. These findings suggest that PEBP1 can act as a negative mediator in autophagy through stimulation of the AKT-MTORC1 pathway and direct interaction with LC3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae Sook Noh
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Young-Sool Hah
- b Biomedical Research Institute of Gyeongsang National University Hospital , Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Sahib Zada
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Ji Hye Ha
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Gyujin Sim
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Jin Seok Hwang
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Trang Huyen Lai
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Huynh Quoc Nguyen
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Jae-Yong Park
- c School of Biosystem and Biomedical Science, College of Health Science , Korea University , Seoul , Korea
| | - Hyun Joon Kim
- d Department of Anatomy and Convergence Medical Sciences, Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - June-Ho Byun
- e Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Institute of Health Sciences , Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Jong Ryeal Hahm
- f Department of Internal Medicine , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Kee Ryeon Kang
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- a Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences , Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine , JinJu , Korea
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Zada S, Noh HS, Baek SM, Ha JH, Hahm JR, Kim DR. Depletion of p18/LAMTOR1 promotes cell survival via activation of p27(kip1) -dependent autophagy under starvation. Cell Biol Int 2015; 39:1242-50. [PMID: 26032166 DOI: 10.1002/cbin.10497] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
The MAPK and mTOR signal pathways in endosomes or lysosomes play a crucial role in cell survival and death. They are also closely associated with autophagy, a catabolic process highly regulated under various cellular stress or nutrient deprivation. Recently we have isolated a protein, named p18/LAMTOR1, that specifically regulates the ERK or mTOR pathway in lysosomes. p18/LAMTOR1 also interacts with p27(kip1) . Here we examined how p18/LAMTOR1 plays a role in autophagy under nutrient deprivation. The p18(+/+) MEF cells were more susceptible to cell death under starvation or in the presence of AICAR in comparison with p18(-/-) MEF cells. Cleavage of caspase-3 was increased in p18(+/+) MEF cells under starvation, and phosphorylation at the threonine 198 of p27(kip1) was highly elevated in starved p18(-/-) MEF cells. Furthermore, LC3-II formation and other autophagy-associated proteins were largely increased in p18-deficient cells, and suppression of p27(kip1) expression in p18(-/-) MEF cells mitigated starvation-induced cell death. These data suggest that ablation of p18/LAMTOR1 suppresses starvation-induced cell death by stimulating autophagy through modulation of p27(kip1) activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahib Zada
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hae Sook Noh
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Seon Mi Baek
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Ha
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong Ryeal Hahm
- Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.,Internal Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Ryong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Convergence Medical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea.,Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, JinJu, Republic of Korea
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Tavel L, Jaquillard L, Karsisiotis AI, Saab F, Jouvensal L, Brans A, Delmas AF, Schoentgen F, Cadene M, Damblon C. Ligand binding study of human PEBP1/RKIP: interaction with nucleotides and Raf-1 peptides evidenced by NMR and mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2012; 7:e36187. [PMID: 22558375 PMCID: PMC3338619 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0036187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2011] [Accepted: 04/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human Phosphatidylethanolamine binding protein 1 (hPEBP1) also known as Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP), affects various cellular processes, and is implicated in metastasis formation and Alzheimer's disease. Human PEBP1 has also been shown to inhibit the Raf/MEK/ERK pathway. Numerous reports concern various mammalian PEBP1 binding ligands. However, since PEBP1 proteins from many different species were investigated, drawing general conclusions regarding human PEBP1 binding properties is rather difficult. Moreover, the binding site of Raf-1 on hPEBP1 is still unknown. Methods/Findings In the present study, we investigated human PEBP1 by NMR to determine the binding site of four different ligands: GTP, FMN, and one Raf-1 peptide in tri-phosphorylated and non-phosphorylated forms. The study was carried out by NMR in near physiological conditions, allowing for the identification of the binding site and the determination of the affinity constants KD for different ligands. Native mass spectrometry was used as an alternative method for measuring KD values. Conclusions/Significance Our study demonstrates and/or confirms the binding of hPEBP1 to the four studied ligands. All of them bind to the same region centered on the conserved ligand-binding pocket of hPEBP1. Although the affinities for GTP and FMN decrease as pH, salt concentration and temperature increase from pH 6.5/NaCl 0 mM/20°C to pH 7.5/NaCl 100 mM/30°C, both ligands clearly do bind under conditions similar to what is found in cells regarding pH, salt concentration and temperature. In addition, our work confirms that residues in the vicinity of the pocket rather than those within the pocket seem to be required for interaction with Raf-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurette Tavel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
| | | | | | - Fabienne Saab
- CBM, CNRS, Orléans, France
- Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), University of Orléans, CNRS FR 2708, UMR 7311, Orléans, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Christian Damblon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liège, Liège, Belgium
- * E-mail:
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Pathobiochemical changes in diabetic skeletal muscle as revealed by mass-spectrometry-based proteomics. J Nutr Metab 2012; 2012:893876. [PMID: 22523676 PMCID: PMC3317182 DOI: 10.1155/2012/893876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2011] [Revised: 12/09/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin resistance in skeletal muscle tissues and diabetes-related muscle weakness are serious pathophysiological problems of increasing medical importance. In order to determine global changes in the protein complement of contractile tissues due to diabetes mellitus, mass-spectrometry-based proteomics has been applied to the investigation of diabetic muscle. This review summarizes the findings from recent proteomic surveys of muscle preparations from patients and established animal models of type 2 diabetes. The potential impact of novel biomarkers of diabetes, such as metabolic enzymes and molecular chaperones, is critically examined. Disease-specific signature molecules may be useful for increasing our understanding of the molecular and cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance and possibly identify new therapeutic options that counteract diabetic abnormalities in peripheral organ systems. Importantly, the biomedical establishment of biomarkers promises to accelerate the development of improved diagnostic procedures for characterizing individual stages of diabetic disease progression, including the early detection of prediabetic complications.
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Gelfi C, Vasso M, Cerretelli P. Diversity of human skeletal muscle in health and disease: contribution of proteomics. J Proteomics 2011; 74:774-95. [PMID: 21414428 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2010] [Revised: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 02/26/2011] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Muscle represents a large fraction of the human body mass. It is an extremely heterogeneous tissue featuring in its contractile structure various proportions of heavy- and light-chain slow type 1 and fast types 2A and 2X myosins, actins, tropomyosins, and troponin complexes as well as metabolic proteins (enzymes and most of the players of the so-called excitation-transcription coupling). Muscle is characterized by wide plasticity, i.e. capacity to adjust size and functional properties in response to endogenous and exogenous influences. Over the last decade, proteomics has become a crucial technique for the assessment of muscle at the molecular level and the investigation of its functional changes. Advantages and shortcomings of recent techniques for muscle proteome analysis are discussed. Data from differential proteomics applied to healthy individuals in normal and unusual environments (hypoxia and cold), in exercise, immobilization, aging and to patients with neuromuscular hereditary disorders (NMDs), inclusion body myositis and insulin resistance are summarized, critically discussed and, when required, compared with homologous data from pertinent animal models. The advantages as well as the limits of proteomics in view of the identification of new biomarkers are evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia Gelfi
- Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
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