1
|
Mahmood A, Erum A, Tulain UR, Shafiq S, Malik NS, Khan MT, Alqahtani MS. Aloe vera-Based Polymeric Network: A Promising Approach for Sustained Drug Delivery, Development, Characterization, and In Vitro Evaluation. Gels 2023; 9:474. [PMID: 37367144 DOI: 10.3390/gels9060474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 06/04/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study was conducted to fabricate and characterize mucilage-based polymeric networks of Aloe vera for controlled drug release. Aloe vera mucilage was used to develop a polymeric network via the free-radical polymerization method using potassium persulphate as the initiator, N' N'-Methylene bisacrylamide as the crosslinker, and acrylamide as the monomer. Using varying concentrations of Aloe vera mucilage, crosslinker, and monomer, we developed different formulations. Swelling studies were conducted at pH 1.2 and 7.4. Concentrations of polymer, monomer, and crosslinker were optimized as a function of swelling. Porosity and gel content were calculated for all samples. FTIR, SEM, XRD, TGA, and DSC studies were conducted for the characterization of polymeric networks. Thiocolchicoside was used as a model drug to study the in vitro release in acidic and alkaline pH. Various kinetics models were applied by using a DD solver. Increasing content of monomer and crosslinker swelling, porosity, and drug release decreased while gel content increased. An increase in Aloe vera mucilage concentration promotes swelling, porosity, and drug release of the polymeric network but decreases gel content. The FTIR study confirmed the formation of crosslinked networks. SEM indicated that the polymeric network had a porous structure. DSC and XRD studies indicated the entrapment of drugs inside the polymeric networks in amorphous form. The analytical method was validated according to ICH guidelines in terms of linearity, range, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, precision, and robustness. Analysis of drug release mechanism revealed Fickian behavior of all formulations. All these results indicated that the M1 formulation was considered to be the best polymeric network formulation in terms of sustaining drug release patterns.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Mahmood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center (HBRC), Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 112612, United Arab Emirates
| | - Alia Erum
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Ume Ruqia Tulain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Sharmeen Shafiq
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Nadia Shamshad Malik
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 45800, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tariq Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Capital University of Science and Technology, Islamabad 45800, Pakistan
| | - Mohammed S Alqahtani
- Nanobiotechnology Unit, Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11362, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Devkar P, Nangare S, Zawar L, Shirsath N, Bafna P, Jain P. Design of polyacrylamide grafted sesbania gum-mediated pH-responsive IPN-based microbeads for delivery of diclofenac sodium: In-vitro-in-vivo characterizations. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 230:123360. [PMID: 36716842 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.123360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Microwave-assisted grafting of polyacrylamide on sesbania gum (PAAM-g-SG) was implemented employing a 32 full factorial experimental design and was hydrolyzed using sodium hydroxide (NaOH) to form H-PAAM-g-SG. Further, the diclofenac sodium-loaded novel pH-sensitive interpenetrating polymeric network (IPN) microbeads were designed using an optimized H-PAAM-g-SG and sodium alginate (SA). Different spectroscopic analysis including FTIR spectroscopy, 1H NMR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, thermal analysis, etc. was performed to confirm the synthesis of PAAM-g-SG and diclofenac-loaded pH-sensitive IPN H-PAAM-g-SG-SA microbeads. Here, Ca+2 ions combine with two strands of SA and form a round-shape structure that encloses uncross-linked H-PAAM-g-SG polymer and diclofenac sodium. As well, glutaraldehyde (GL) addition improved the mechanical strength due to acetal structure between hydroxyl of H-PAAM-g-SG and aldehyde of GL. The drug entrapment was confirmed proportional relationship to the Ca+2 ions concentration whereas an increase in GL concentration resulted in a reduced drug entrapment. The pH pulsatile study assured the reversible swelling-shrinkage behavior of IPN microbeads due to the carboxyl group of PAAM-g-SG. The drug release from H-PAAM-g-SG-SA microbeads (batch: S9) was found to be 84.21 % (12h) which was non-significant (p > 0.05; f2 = 79 ∼ 90) over marketed formulation (83.31 %). Moreover, it follows the Korsmeyer Peppas (R2 = 0.996) as the best-fit release kinetic model. The pH-sensitive release of diclofenac sodium from IPN H-PAAM-g-SG-SA microbeads was assured based on in vivo anti-inflammatory activity (p < 0.05). Therefore, developed novel pH-sensitive IPN microbeads based on H-PAAM-g-SG are a promising polymeric carrier substitute for delivery of drugs actuated by a pH stimulus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pratiksha Devkar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra state, India
| | - Sopan Nangare
- Department of Pharmaceutics, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra state, India
| | - Laxmikant Zawar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra state, India.
| | - Nitin Shirsath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra state, India
| | - Piyush Bafna
- Department of Pharmacology, H. R. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra state, India
| | - Pankaj Jain
- Department of Pharmacology, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur 425405, Maharashtra state, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Formulation, In Vitro Evaluation, and Toxicity Studies of A. vulgaris-co-AAm Carrier for Vildagliptin. ADVANCES IN POLYMER TECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/6634780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of Artemisia vulgaris L. seed mucilage as a new excipient for sustained delivery of Vildagliptin. Copolymeric carrier of A. vulgaris seed mucilage-co-AAm was devised by using acrylamide (AAm) as a monomer, methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA) as a crosslinker, and potassium persulfate (KPS) as an initiator through free radical polymerization. Different formulations of A. vulgaris-co-AAm were devised by varying contents of polymer, monomer, crosslinking agent, initiator, and reaction temperature. Copolymeric structures were characterized through XRD analysis, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, TGA and DSC analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. Porosity, gel fraction, and Vildagliptin loading capacity of copolymers were also established. Swelling and in vitro drug release studies were conducted. XRD evaluation showed the alteration of the crystalline structure of Vildagliptin into an amorphous form. FTIR analysis confirmed the successful grafting of AAm to A. vulgaris seed mucilage backbone. Porosity was increased with increasing polymer concentration and reaction temperature while it was decreased with an increasing amount of AAm, MBA, and KPS. Gel content was decreased with increasing polymer concentration and reaction temperature while it was increased with an increasing amount of AAm, MBA, and KPS. Acute oral toxicity of copolymeric network was done in animal models to evaluate the safety. Copolymers showed the same swelling behavior at all pH 1.2, 4.5, 6.8, and 7.4. Vildagliptin release from copolymer showed a cumulative trend by increasing polymer content and reaction temperature, while a declining trend was observed with increasing contents of monomer, crosslinking agent, and initiator. Sustained release of Vildagliptin was observed from copolymers and release followed the Korsmeyer-Peppas model. From the acute oral toxicity studies, it is evident that newly synthesized copolymeric carriers are potentially safe for eyes, skin, and vital organs.
Collapse
|
4
|
Qiao Z, Tran L, Parks J, Zhao Y, Hai N, Zhong Y, Ji H. Highly stretchable gelatin‐polyacrylamide hydrogel for potential transdermal drug release. NANO SELECT 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/nano.202000087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Qiao
- Department of Chemistry Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Long Tran
- Department of Chemistry Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Jesse Parks
- Department of Chemistry Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Yao Zhao
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Nan Hai
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Yinghui Zhong
- School of Biomedical Engineering Science and Health Systems Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| | - Hai‐Feng Ji
- Department of Chemistry Drexel University Philadelphia Pennsylvania 19104 USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Synthesis and characterization of pH responsive alginate based-hydrogels as oral drug delivery carrier. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-020-02231-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
6
|
Ozay O, Ilgin P, Ozay H, Gungor Z, Yilmaz B, Kıvanç MR. The preparation of various shapes and porosities of hydroxyethyl starch/p(HEMA-co-NVP) IPN hydrogels as programmable carrier for drug delivery. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2019.1700803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Ozay
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Pinar Ilgin
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Processing Technologies, Lapseki Vocational School, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale/Lapseki, Turkey
| | - Hava Ozay
- Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Zeynep Gungor
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Betul Yilmaz
- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, Department of Bioengineering and Materials Engineering, Canakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Canakkale, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Rıza Kıvanç
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Education, Van Yüzüncü YılUniversity, Van, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|