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Fujita N, Okamoto T, Yamamoto H, Yoneyama T, Hashimoto Y, Mikami T, Itoh K, Ohyama C, Hatakeyama S. Association between sex hormones and erectile dysfunction in men without hypoandrogenism. Sci Rep 2024; 14:13433. [PMID: 38862562 PMCID: PMC11167061 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-64339-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
In addition to testosterone, various endocrine hormones, such as dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) and estradiol, may be involved in erectile function. However, the role of these sex hormones in the erectile function of men without hypoandrogenism remains unclear. This cross-sectional study included 398 community-dwelling men without hypoandrogenism. The participants were categorized into the non-ED and ED groups. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to investigate the relationship between ED and serum sex hormone levels, including total testosterone, DHEA-S, estradiol, luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and prolactin. Among the 398 men, 66 (17%) and 332 (83%) were categorized into the non-ED and ED groups, respectively. In the multivariable analyses, serum DHEA-S and estradiol levels were significantly associated with ED (odds ratio [OR]: 0.996, P = 0.030; OR: 1.082, P = 0.002; respectively), whereas serum total testosterone, LH, FSH, and prolactin levels did not demonstrate significant association. After adjusting for age, none of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio, serum plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 levels, and skin advanced glycation end-products levels demonstrated significant correlation with serum DHEA-S and estradiol levels. In conclusion, lower testosterone levels did not affect ED in men with normal testosterone levels, whereas serum DHEA-S and estradiol levels were significantly associated with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoki Fujita
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaifucho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan.
| | - Teppei Okamoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaifucho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Hayato Yamamoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaifucho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Takahiro Yoneyama
- Department of Advanced Blood Purification Therapy, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Hashimoto
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaifucho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Mikami
- Innovation Center for Health Promotion, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Ken Itoh
- Department of Stress Response Science, Center for Advanced Medical Science, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Chikara Ohyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaifucho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
| | - Shingo Hatakeyama
- Department of Urology, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, 5-Zaifucho, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
- Department of Advanced Blood Purification Therapy, Hirosaki University Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki, 036-8562, Japan
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Wei W, Xu X, Luo Q, Cao L. Associations Between Serum Polar Oxygenated Carotenoids Level and Erectile Dysfunction in Men Older Than 40 Years. Am J Mens Health 2023; 17:15579883231216905. [PMID: 38102781 PMCID: PMC10725125 DOI: 10.1177/15579883231216905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-cryptoxanthin are polar oxygenated carotenoids found to be detectable in more than 95% of the population in the United States. Research has linked these carotenoids with lower coronary heart disease prevalence. This study investigates the association of serum lutein/zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin with erectile dysfunction (ED) among middle-aged and older men in the United States. Serum lutein/zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin were independent variables. The outcome variable was ED. Analyzed data from 1,302 men (≥40 years old) who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2002 cross-sectional study were included. After adjusting for all covariates, serum lutein/zeaxanthin negatively correlated with ED (odds ratio [OR]: 0.972, 95% confidence interval [CI]: [0.951, 0.994], p = .011). However, a U-shaped association between serum lutein/zeaxanthin and ED was detected in men with diabetes or prevalent cardiovascular disease. A U-shaped non-linear association was observed between β-cryptoxanthin levels and ED. These findings suggest that while both lutein/zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin are recognized as essential antioxidants, maintaining lower serum lutein/zeaxanthin levels and appropriate serum β-cryptoxanthin levels may offer potential benefits for individuals with ED. Further investigations, particularly prospective studies, are warranted to determine the role of serum lutein/zeaxanthin and β-cryptoxanthin in the biological mechanism associated with ED.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Wei
- Department of Urology, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiangyun Xu
- Department of Urology, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Qinghua Luo
- Department of Urology, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
| | - Leihua Cao
- Department of Urology, Third Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, China
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