Altruism the Essense of the Iranian Nurses' Job Satisfaction: A Qualitative Study

Altruism in nursing from 2012 to 2022: A scoping review

BACKGROUND

Being a nurse with non-altruistic orientation exists and altruism decline is being challenged as never before, which would be a disaster for medicine if left unnoticed.

PURPOSE

To describe the meaning of altruism and altruistic behaviors in nursing, and to discuss dilemmas we face today.

METHOD

Cochrane, PROSPERO, PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, ProQuest, and CNKI were searched for original research published in English or Chinese from 2012 to February 2022.

RESULTS

By screening 13 studies came from 12 different countries described altruism and altruistic behavior together were included in. Altruism has been described as value, vocation, or professionalism in nursing which can reflect nurses' compassion, level of expertise, and quality of care. Altruistic nursing care, body donation, financial endowment, volunteering, sharing, benefiting patients maximum, and helping colleagues represented most of the altruistic behaviors in nursing. There is a vacant that not any assessment tool designed for measuring altruism in nurse groups. Interventions from curriculums in class and support of organizations with psychological methods could be helpful to improve the nurses' level of altruism.

CONCLUSION

Altruism and altruistic behaviors in the past decades were described. A new concept of altruism in nursing was proposed based on the original meaning and the current changes, and interventions for promoting altruism and some of the dilemmas faced today were synthesized.

Occupational stress, quality of working life and turnover intention amongst nurses

BACKGROUND

Turnover intention is a frequent event in almost all institutions and is associated with unfavourable consequences for employees.

AIM

The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between occupational stress, quality of working life and turnover intention amongst nurses working in critical care units in Iran.

DESIGN

A cross-sectional survey design was used.

METHOD

The study was conducted in the critical care units of 10 hospitals in Tabriz, Iran, between July and November 2017 using a sample of 203 nurses. Data were obtained using a self-administered questionnaire, and multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors impacting turnover intention.

RESULTS

Overall, 64% of nurses had an intention to leave their job; 82·8% of respondents reported their job to be highly stressful, and 81·2% reported their quality of working life to be low. Binary logistic regression analysis indicated that age (p = 0·006), clinical experience (p = 0·005), duty stressors (p = 0·040), interpersonal relations stressors, (p = 0·029) communication (p = 0·007), motivation (p = 0·006), job security (p = 0·040) and job pride (p = 0·011) were factors affecting turnover intention.

CONCLUSION

Occupational stress and quality of working life are associated with turnover intention amongst nurses working in critical care units. Further research is needed to determine the generalizability of these results to other settings and countries and to identify interventions that could reduce occupational stress and improve the quality of working life so that turnover intention might be reduced.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

The findings of this research suggest that lower perceived occupational stress and higher quality of working life will result in less reported turnover intention in critical care unit nurses.