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Liang L, Li X, Li H, Peng X, Zhang R, Tang W, Dong Y, Tang Y. Intercropping affects the physiology and cadmium absorption of pakchoi, lettuce, and radish seedlings. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:4744-4753. [PMID: 35972656 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22381-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping can affect the growth and elemental absorption of vegetables. This study investigated the physiology and cadmium (Cd) content of pakchoi (Brassica chinensis L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L. var. ramosa Hort.), and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) seedlings under monoculture, mutual intercropping of two or three varieties. Intercropping is not conducive to the accumulation of chlorophyll and biomass content of pakchoi, lettuce, and radish. When three seedlings were intercropped together, the antioxidant enzyme activity of pakchoi, lettuce, and radish increased and the content of malondialdehyde decreased, except that the superoxide dismutase activity of radish is inferior to the value of radish and pakchoi intercropping. Intercropping increased the soluble sugar and proline content in the lettuce seedlings, while those in the radish and lettuce seedlings reduced or had no significant effect. When intercropped with pakchoi and lettuce, the Cd content in the roots and shoots of pakchoi is higher and lower, respectively. At the same time, root or shoot bio-concentration factors also performed the same trend, and TF was the smallest and less than 1; however, the TF of lettuce is greater than 1. When intercropping with pakchoi or lettuce separately or together, it promoted the accumulation of Cd in radish root; when intercropping with pakchoi, the value of TF was the smallest. From the antioxidant system, the performance of the three seedlings intercropped together is better than the two; however, the accumulation of Cd shows the opposite trend, and the participation of cabbage in the intercropping is relatively conducive to reducing the Cd content in the edible parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Liang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Rice and Sorghum Research Institue, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Deyang, Sichuan, China
- Vegetable Germplasm Innovation and Variety Improvement Key Laboratory of Sichuan, Chengdu, China
| | - Huanxiu Li
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xuemei Peng
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ran Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wanjia Tang
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yiping Dong
- College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Tang
- Institute of Pomology and Olericulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Weih M, Adam E, Vico G, Rubiales D. Application of Crop Growth Models to Assist Breeding for Intercropping: Opportunities and Challenges. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:720486. [PMID: 35185972 PMCID: PMC8854142 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.720486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Intercropping of two or more species on the same piece of land can enhance biodiversity and resource use efficiency in agriculture. Traditionally, intercropping systems have been developed and improved by empirical methods within a specific local context. To support the development of promising intercropping systems, the individual species that are part of an intercrop can be subjected to breeding. Breeding for intercropping aims at resource foraging traits of the admixed species to maximize niche complementarity, niche facilitation, and intercrop performance. The breeding process can be facilitated by modeling tools that simulate the outcome of the combination of different species' (or genotypes') traits for growth and yield development, reducing the need of extensive field testing. Here, we revisit the challenges associated with breeding for intercropping, and give an outlook on applying crop growth models to assist breeding for intercropping. We conclude that crop growth models can assist breeding for intercropping, provided that (i) they incorporate the relevant plant features and mechanisms driving interspecific plant-plant interactions; (ii) they are based on model parameters that are closely linked to the traits that breeders would select for; and (iii) model calibration and validation is done with field data measured in intercrops. Minimalist crop growth models are more likely to incorporate the above elements than comprehensive but parameter-intensive crop growth models. Their lower complexity and reduced parameter requirement facilitate the exploration of mechanisms at play and fulfil the model requirements for calibration of the appropriate crop growth models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Weih
- Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | | | - Giulia Vico
- Department of Crop Production Ecology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences (SLU), Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Diego Rubiales
- Institute for Sustainable Agriculture, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Córdoba, Spain
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Wang ZB, Zhang JZ, Zhang LF. Reducing the carbon footprint per unit of economic benefit is a new method to accomplish low-carbon agriculture. A case study: adjustment of the planting structure in Zhangbei County, China. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2019; 99:4889-4897. [PMID: 30924951 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of low-carbon agriculture is promising for mitigating climate change. This study used adjustments to the planting structure in Zhangbei County, China, as an example to evaluate whether the carbon footprint per unit of economic benefit is a suitable indicator of low-carbon agriculture and to determine if low-carbon agriculture is not necessarily low-input non-intensive agriculture. RESULTS The results showed that total greenhouse gas emissions increased; therefore, the adjustments to the planting structure were ostensibly not a low-carbon process. However, if we obtain the same economic benefit as the actual distribution of the planting industry by adopting the scenario of planting only grain crops, then the annual greenhouse gas emissions would be 1608.00 × 103 t CO2 eq, and 5769.94 × 103 ha of farmland would be required. However, if we adopt the scenario of planting only vegetable crops, then only 82.52 × 103 ha of farmland would be required, and the annual greenhouse gas emissions would be 323.52 × 103 t CO2 eq. CONCLUSIONS These results indicated that the carbon footprint per unit of economic benefit is a suitable indicator to assess agricultural sustainability and that intensive agriculture with high input and high output is a form of low-carbon agriculture if the carbon footprint per unit of economic benefit is low. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan-Biao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology (Hebei Base)/College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, China
| | - Ji-Zong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology (Hebei Base)/College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
| | - Li-Feng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology (Hebei Base)/College of Agronomy, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, China
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Wahbi S, Prin Y, Thioulouse J, Sanguin H, Baudoin E, Maghraoui T, Oufdou K, Le Roux C, Galiana A, Hafidi M, Duponnois R. Impact of Wheat/Faba Bean Mixed Cropping or Rotation Systems on Soil Microbial Functionalities. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1364. [PMID: 27695462 PMCID: PMC5023684 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 08/29/2016] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Cropping systems based on carefully designed species mixtures reveal many potential advantages in terms of enhancing crop productivity, reducing pest and diseases, and enhancing ecological services. Associating cereals and legume production either through intercropping or rotations might be a relevant strategy of producing both type of culture, while benefiting from combined nitrogen fixed by the legume through its symbiotic association with nitrogen-fixing bacteria, and from a better use of P and water through mycorrhizal associations. These practices also participate to the diversification of agricultural productions, enabling to secure the regularity of income returns across the seasonal and climatic uncertainties. In this context, we designed a field experiment aiming to estimate the 2 years impact of these practices on wheat yield and on soil microbial activities as estimated through Substrate Induced Respiration method and mycorrhizal soil infectivity (MSI) measurement. It is expected that understanding soil microbial functionalities in response to these agricultural practices might allows to target the best type of combination, in regard to crop productivity. We found that the tested cropping systems largely impacted soil microbial functionalities and MSI. Intercropping gave better results in terms of crop productivity than the rotation practice after two cropping seasons. Benefits resulting from intercrop should be highly linked with changes recorded on soil microbial functionalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanâa Wahbi
- IRD, UMR LSTMMontpellier, France
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Environnement (Unité Associée au CNRST, URAC 32), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | | | - Jean Thioulouse
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveVilleurbanne, France
| | | | | | - Tasnime Maghraoui
- IRD, UMR LSTMMontpellier, France
- Université Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5558, Laboratoire de Biométrie et Biologie EvolutiveVilleurbanne, France
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Biotechnologie des Microorganisms, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | - Khalid Oufdou
- Laboratoire de Biologie et de Biotechnologie des Microorganisms, Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
| | | | | | - Mohamed Hafidi
- Laboratoire Ecologie et Environnement (Unité Associée au CNRST, URAC 32), Faculté des Sciences Semlalia, Université Cadi AyyadMarrakech, Morocco
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