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Zeqaj I, Piffero R, Calzaducca E, Pirisi M, Bellan M. The Potential Role of Vitamin D Supplementation in Cognitive Impairment Prevention. CNS & NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS DRUG TARGETS 2024; 23:628-637. [PMID: 36998124 DOI: 10.2174/1871527322666230328130417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Revised: 02/12/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Vitamin D is implicated in many processes in the central nervous system (CNS), such as neurogenesis, neurotransmitter synthesis, synaptogenesis and protection against oxidative stress, thereby exerting a neuroprotective effect. OBJECTIVE In the present review, we aimed to evaluate the potential benefit(s) of vitamin D supplementation for CNS aging in different clinical contexts. METHODS We performed a literature search, looking for clinical trials and randomized clinical trials evaluating the effect of vitamin D supplementation on different endpoints related to cognitive outcomes. RESULTS Firstly, we identified 16 papers dealing with the impact of vitamin D supplementation on cognitive function in healthy subjects; the current literature suggests a real role for vitamin D supplementation in the prevention of cognitive decay in this clinical setting. Conversely, two papers suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Finally, current data on vitamin D in Alzheimer's disease are contradictory. CONCLUSION Vitamin D supplementation may improve the cognitive outcomes of patients with MCI, whereas there is no evidence that it may prevent dementia or modulate the course of Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Zeqaj
- Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, "AOU Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Roberto Piffero
- Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, "AOU Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Elisa Calzaducca
- Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, "AOU Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Pirisi
- Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, "AOU Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
- CAAD, (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease) Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine (DiMeT), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
- Division of Internal Medicine, "AOU Maggiore della Carità", Novara, Italy
- CAAD, (Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease) Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Novara, Italy
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Perazzi M, Gallina E, Manfredi GF, Patrucco F, Acquaviva A, Colangelo D, Pirisi M, Bellan M. Vitamin D in Systemic Sclerosis: A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14193908. [PMID: 36235561 PMCID: PMC9573213 DOI: 10.3390/nu14193908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: In the present paper we aimed to review the evidence about the potential implication of vitamin D in the pathogenesis and management of systemic sclerosis (SSc); (2) Methods: we performed a review of the literature looking for studies evaluating the potential role of vitamin D and its analogs in SSc. We searched the PubMed, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane libraries using the following strings: (vitamin D OR cholecalciferol) AND (systemic sclerosis OR scleroderma). We included cohort studies, case-control studies, randomized controlled trials, and observational studies. (3) Results: we identified nine pre-clinical and 21 clinical studies. Pre-clinical data suggest that vitamin D and its analogs may suppress fibrogenesis. Clinical data are concordant in reporting a high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D and osteoporosis in SSc patients; data about the association with clinical manifestations and phenotypes of SSc are, conversely, far less consistent; (4) Conclusions: in vitro data suggest that vitamin D may play an antifibrotic role in SSc, but clinical data confirming this finding are currently lacking. Hypovitaminosis D is common among SSc patients and should be treated to reduce the risk of osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattia Perazzi
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Enrico Gallina
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Giulia Francesca Manfredi
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Filippo Patrucco
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Antonio Acquaviva
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Donato Colangelo
- Department of Health Sciences (DSS), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mario Pirisi
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
| | - Mattia Bellan
- Department of Translational Medicine (DIMET), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology Unit, “AOU Maggiore della Carità”, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Center for Translational Research on Autoimmune and Allergic Disease (CAAD), Università del Piemonte Orientale UPO, 28100 Novara, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0321-3737512
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