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Suzuki Y, Ueyama T, Sakata K, Kasahara A, Iwanaga H, Yasaka K, Abe O. High-angular resolution diffusion imaging generation using 3d u-net. Neuroradiology 2024; 66:371-387. [PMID: 38236423 DOI: 10.1007/s00234-024-03282-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effects on tractography of artificial intelligence-based prediction of motion-probing gradients (MPGs) in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). METHODS The 251 participants in this study were patients with brain tumors or epileptic seizures who underwent MRI to depict tractography. DWI was performed with 64 MPG directions and b = 0 s/mm2 images. The dataset was divided into a training set of 191 (mean age 45.7 [± 19.1] years), a validation set of 30 (mean age 41.6 [± 19.1] years), and a test set of 30 (mean age 49.6 [± 18.3] years) patients. Supervised training of a convolutional neural network was performed using b = 0 images and the first 32 axes of MPG images as the input data and the second 32 axes as the reference data. The trained model was applied to the test data, and tractography was performed using (a) input data only; (b) input plus prediction data; and (c) b = 0 images and the 64 MPG data (as a reference). RESULTS In Q-ball imaging tractography, the average dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of the input plus prediction data was 0.715 (± 0.064), which was significantly higher than that of the input data alone (0.697 [± 0.070]) (p < 0.05). In generalized q-sampling imaging tractography, the average DSC of the input plus prediction data was 0.769 (± 0.091), which was also significantly higher than that of the input data alone (0.738 [± 0.118]) (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Diffusion tractography is improved by adding predicted MPG images generated by an artificial intelligence model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Suzuki
- Radiology Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tsuyoshi Ueyama
- Radiology Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kentarou Sakata
- Radiology Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akihiro Kasahara
- Radiology Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iwanaga
- Radiology Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Yasaka
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Osamu Abe
- Radiology Center, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
- Department of Radiology, The University of Tokyo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
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Linn W, Barrios‐Martinez J, Fernandes‐Cabral D, Jacquesson T, Nuñez M, Gomez R, Anania Y, Fernandez‐Miranda J, Yeh F. Probabilistic coverage of the frontal aslant tract in young adults: Insights into individual variability, lateralization, and language functions. Hum Brain Mapp 2024; 45:e26630. [PMID: 38376145 PMCID: PMC10878181 DOI: 10.1002/hbm.26630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 02/03/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a crucial neural pathway of language and speech, but little is known about its connectivity and segmentation differences across populations. In this study, we investigate the probabilistic coverage of the FAT in a large sample of 1065 young adults. Our primary goal was to reveal individual variability and lateralization of FAT and its structure-function correlations in language processing. The study utilized diffusion MRI data from 1065 subjects obtained from the Human Connectome Project. Automated tractography using DSI Studio software was employed to map white matter bundles, and the results were examined to study the population variation of the FAT. Additionally, anatomical dissections were performed to validate the fiber tracking results. The tract-to-region connectome, based on Human Connectome Project-MMP parcellations, was utilized to provide population probability of the tract-to-region connections. Our results showed that the left anterior FAT exhibited the most substantial individual differences, particularly in the superior and middle frontal gyrus, with greater variability in the superior than the inferior region. Furthermore, we found left lateralization in FAT, with a greater difference in coverage in the inferior and posterior portions. Additionally, our analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the left FAT inferior coverage area and the performance on the oral reading recognition (p = .016) and picture vocabulary (p = .0026) tests. In comparison, fractional anisotropy of the right FAT exhibited marginal significance in its correlation (p = .056) with Picture Vocabulary Test. Our findings, combined with the connectivity patterns of the FAT, allowed us to segment its structure into anterior and posterior segments. We found significant variability in FAT coverage among individuals, with left lateralization observed in both macroscopic shape measures and microscopic diffusion metrics. Our findings also suggested a potential link between the size of the left FAT's inferior coverage area and language function tests. These results enhance our understanding of the FAT's role in brain connectivity and its potential implications for language and executive functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen‐Jieh Linn
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | | | - Timothée Jacquesson
- CHU de Lyon – Hôpital Neurologique et Neurochirurgical Pierre WertheimerLyonFrance
| | - Maximiliano Nuñez
- Department of Neurological SurgeryHospital El CruceBuenos AiresArgentina
| | - Ricardo Gomez
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Yury Anania
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
| | | | - Fang‐Cheng Yeh
- Department of Neurological SurgeryUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
- Department of BioengineeringUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPennsylvaniaUSA
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3
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Drosos E, Komaitis S, Liouta E, Neromyliotis E, Charalampopoulou E, Anastasopoulos L, Kalamatianos T, Skandalakis GP, Troupis T, Stranjalis G, Kalyvas AV, Koutsarnakis C. Parcellating the vertical associative fiber network of the temporoparietal area: Evidence from focused anatomic fiber dissections. BRAIN & SPINE 2024; 4:102759. [PMID: 38510613 PMCID: PMC10951769 DOI: 10.1016/j.bas.2024.102759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Introduction The connectivity of the temporoparietal (TP) region has been the subject of multiple anatomical and functional studies. Its role in high cognitive functions has been primarily correlated with long association fiber connections. As a major sensory integration hub, coactivation of areas within the TP requires a stream of short association fibers running between its subregions. The latter have been the subject of a small number of recent in vivo and cadaveric studies. This has resulted in limited understanding of this network and, in certain occasions, terminology ambiguity. Research question To systematically study the vertical parietal and temporoparietal short association fibers. Material and methods Thirteen normal, adult cadaveric hemispheres, were treated with the Klinger's freeze-thaw process and their subcortical anatomy was studied using the microdissection technique. Results Two separate fiber layers were identified. Superficially, directly beneath the cortical u-fibers, the Stratum proprium intraparietalis (SP) was seen connecting Superior Parietal lobule and Precuneal cortical areas to inferior cortical regions of the Parietal lobe, running deep to the Intraparietal sulcus. At the same dissection level, the IPL-TP fibers were identified as a bundle connecting the Inferior Parietal lobule with posterior Temporal cortical areas. At a deeper level, parallel to the Arcuate fasciculus fibers, the SPL-TP fibers were seen connecting the Superior Parietal lobule to posterior Temporal cortical areas. Discussion and conclusion To our knowledge this is the first cadaveric dissection study to comprehensively study and describe of the vertical association fibers of the temporoparietal region while proposing a universal terminology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelos Drosos
- Manchester Centre for Clinical Neurosciences, Northern Care Alliance NHS FT, Manchester, UK
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Komaitis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Nottingham, United Kingdom
| | - Evangelia Liouta
- Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research “Prof. Petros Kokkalis”, Athens, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Neromyliotis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Eirini Charalampopoulou
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Lykourgos Anastasopoulos
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodosis Kalamatianos
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research “Prof. Petros Kokkalis”, Athens, Greece
| | - Georgios P. Skandalakis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros Troupis
- Department of Anatomy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - George Stranjalis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research “Prof. Petros Kokkalis”, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Aristotelis V. Kalyvas
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christos Koutsarnakis
- Athens Microneurosurgery Laboratory, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- Hellenic Center for Neurosurgical Research “Prof. Petros Kokkalis”, Athens, Greece
- Department of Neurosurgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece
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Shekari E, Seyfi M, Modarres Zadeh A, Batouli SA, Valinejad V, Goudarzi S, Joghataei MT. Mechanisms of brain activation following naming therapy in aphasia: A systematic review on task-based fMRI studies. APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY. ADULT 2023; 30:780-801. [PMID: 35666667 DOI: 10.1080/23279095.2022.2074849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The pattern of brain neuroplasticity after naming therapies in patients with aphasia can be evaluated using task-based fMRI. This article aims to review studies investigating brain reorganization after semantic and phonological-based anomia therapy that used picture-naming fMRI tasks. We searched for those articles that compared the activation of brain areas before and after aphasia therapies in the PubMed and the EMBASE databases from 1993 up to April 2020. All studies (single-cases or group designs) on anomia treatment in individuals with acquired aphasia were reviewed. Data were synthesized descriptively through tables to allow the facilitated comparison of the studies. A total of 14 studies were selected and reviewed. The results of the reviewed studies demonstrated that the naming improvement is associated with changes in the activation of cortical and subcortical brain areas. This review highlights the need for a more systematic investigation of the association between decreased and increased activation of brain areas related to anomia therapy. Also, more detailed information about factors influencing brain reorganization is required to elucidate the neural mechanisms of anomia therapy. Overall, regarding the theoretical and clinical aspects, the number of studies that used intensive protocol is growing, and based on the positive potential of these treatments, they could be suitable for the rehabilitation of people with aphasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ehsan Shekari
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Seyfi
- Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amin Modarres Zadeh
- Department of Speech Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyed Amirhossein Batouli
- Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Valinejad
- Department of Speech Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sepideh Goudarzi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Joghataei
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Gallet C, Clavreul A, Bernard F, Menei P, Lemée JM. Frontal aslant tract in the non-dominant hemisphere: A systematic review of anatomy, functions, and surgical applications. Front Neuroanat 2022; 16:1025866. [DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2022.1025866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Knowledge of both the spatial organization and functions of white-matter fiber tracts is steadily increasing. We report here the anatomy and functions of the frontal aslant tract (FAT) in the non-dominant hemisphere (usually the right hemisphere). Despite the structural symmetry between the right and left FAT, these two tracts seem to display functional asymmetry, with several brain functions in common, but others, such as visuospatial and social cognition, music processing, shifting attention or working memory, more exclusively associated with the right FAT. Further studies are required to determine whether damage to the right FAT causes permanent cognitive impairment. Such studies will constitute the best means of testing whether this tract is a critical pathway that must be taken into account during neurosurgical procedures and the essential tasks to be incorporated into intraoperative monitoring during awake craniotomy.
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Wu Y, Liu J, Yu G, Jv R, Wang Y, Zang P. Association fiber tracts related to Broca’s area: A comparative study based on diffusion spectrum imaging and fiber dissection. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:978912. [PMID: 36419463 PMCID: PMC9676966 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.978912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Broca’s area, made up of Brodmann areas (BA) 44 and 45 in the ventrolateral frontal region, is associated with language production and articulation. A comprehensive network analysis of Broca’s area is necessary for understanding language function, which is still lacking. In this study, we attempted to investigate the association fiber tracts related to Broca’s area using both diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) and postmortem fiber dissection. DSI was performed on 10 healthy subjects and an atlas comprising the average data of 842 healthy subjects from the Human Connectome Project. Fiber dissection was implemented in 10 cerebral hemispheres of cadaver donors. The following five association fiber tracts related to Broca’s area were identified: first, the distinct fasciculus of the inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus (IFOF), from Broca’s area (BA44, BA45) and pars orbitalis (BA47) to the parietal and occipital lobes; second, the ventral superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF-III), from the supramarginal gyrus (BA40) to the ventral precentral gyrus (PreG, BA6) and posterior Broca’s area (BA44); third, the arcuate fascicle (AF), from the superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyrus (BA20, BA21, BA22) to Broca’s area (BA44, BA45) and ventral PreG; fourth, the frontal aslant tract (FAT), from Broca’s area (BA44, BA45) to the lateral superior frontal gyrus (SFG), medial SFG, and supplementary motor area (BA6, BA8, BA9); and fifth, the frontal longitudinal fasciculus (FLF), a novel intralobar frontal association fiber tract, from the anterior part of the middle frontal gyrus (MFG, BA46) and Broca’s area (BA45) to the caudal MFG (BA8), caudal SFG, and dorsal PreG (BA6). Moreover, compared with the left FAT, the right FAT covered almost the entire inferior frontal gyrus (BA44, BA45, BA47). The cross validation between DSI and fiber dissection revealed a good consistence in the association fiber tracts of Broca’s area. Combining DSI and fiber dissection, this study first identified five association fiber tracts related to Broca’s area and characterized their structure and anatomy comprehensively. The frameworks provided key elements for functional research in Broca’s area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yupeng Wu
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University and the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Jihui Liu
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University and the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Guoning Yu
- The People’s Hospital of China Medical University and the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Ronghui Jv
- Department of Radiology, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University and the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Yibao Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Peizhuo Zang
- Third Department of Neurosurgery, The People’s Hospital of China Medical University and the People’s Hospital of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
- *Correspondence: Peizhuo Zang,
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Marian-Magaña R, González-González AC, Miranda-García LA, Villanueva-Solórzano P, González-González ME, Mejía-Pérez SI, Nuñez-Velasco S. Frontal aslant tract: Anatomy and tractography description in the Mexican population. Surg Neurol Int 2022; 13:349. [PMID: 36128119 PMCID: PMC9479587 DOI: 10.25259/sni_208_2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The aim of the study was to describe the origin, course, and termination of frontal aslant tract (FAT) in the Mexican population of neurosurgical referral centers. Methods: From January 2018 to May 2019, we analyzed 50 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies in diffusion tensor imaging sequences of patients of the National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez.” Five brains were fixed by the Klingler method and dissected in the neurosurgery laboratory of the Hospital Civil de Guadalajara to identify the origin, trajectory, and ending of the FAT. Results: FAT was identified in 100% of the MRI and brain dissections. The origin of the FAT was observed in 63% from the supplementary premotor area, 24% from the supplementary motor area, and 13% in both areas. Its ending was observed in the pars opercularis in 81%, pars triangularis in 9%, and in both pars opercularis and ventral premotor area in 10% in the magnetic resonance images, with a left side predominance. In the hemispheres dissections, the origin of FAT was identified in 60% from the supplementary premotor area, 20% from the supplementary motor area, and 20% in both areas. Its ending was observed in the pars opercularis in 80% and the pars triangularis in 20%. It was not identified as an individual fascicle connected with the contralateral FAT. Conclusion: In the Mexican population, FAT has a left predominance; it is originated more frequently in the supplementary premotor area, passes dorsal to the superior longitudinal fascicle II and the superior periinsular sulcus, and ends more commonly in the pars opercularis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ricardo Marian-Magaña
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City,
| | | | - Luis A. Miranda-García
- Deparment of Neurosurgery, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Pedro Villanueva-Solórzano
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City,
| | | | - Sonia Iliana Mejía-Pérez
- Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Neurology and Neurosurgery “Manuel Velasco Suárez”, Mexico City,
| | - Santiago Nuñez-Velasco
- Deparment of Neurosurgery, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Burkhardt E, Kinoshita M, Herbet G. Functional anatomy of the frontal aslant tract and surgical perspectives. J Neurosurg Sci 2021; 65:566-580. [PMID: 33870673 DOI: 10.23736/s0390-5616.21.05344-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is an intralobar white matter fasciculus providing dense connections between the medial part of the superior frontal gyrus, in particular the pre-supplementary motor area (SMA) and the SMA proper, and the lateral part of the frontal lobe, especially the inferior frontal gyrus. Although this tract has been characterized belatedly, it has received important attention in recent years due notably to its increasingly evidenced role in the speech and language networks. As cerebral tumors frequently affect the frontal lobe, an improved knowledge of the functional anatomy of the FAT is mandatory to refine the way neurosurgeries are performed and to give the patients the best opportunities to recover after surgery. In this work, we first describe the spatial arrangement of the FAT and detail its cortical projections. We then provide a comprehensive review of the functions supposedly mediated by this transverse frontal connectivity. It is structured following a tripartite organization where the linguistic (i.e. speech and language), supralinguistic (i.e. functions that interact with speech and language: executive functions, working memory, and social communication) and extralinguistic implications (i.e. functions outside the linguistic domain: visuospatial processing, praxis and motor skills) are successively addressed. We lastly discussed this knowledge in the context of wide-awake neurosurgeries for brain tumors. We emphasize the need to evaluate thoroughly the functions conveyed by FAT by means of longitudinally-designed studies to first estimate its plasticity potential and then to determine which tasks should be selected to avoid lasting impairments due to its disconnective breakdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eléonor Burkhardt
- Praxiling, CNRS UMR 5267, Paul Valéry Montpellier 3 University, Montpellier, France
| | - Masashi Kinoshita
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Guillaume Herbet
- University of Montpellier, CNRS UMR5203, INSERM U1191, Institute of Functional Genomics, Montpellier, France - .,Department of Neurosurgery, Gui de Chauliac Hospital, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France
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La Corte E, Eldahaby D, Greco E, Aquino D, Bertolini G, Levi V, Ottenhausen M, Demichelis G, Romito LM, Acerbi F, Broggi M, Schiariti MP, Ferroli P, Bruzzone MG, Serrao G. The Frontal Aslant Tract: A Systematic Review for Neurosurgical Applications. Front Neurol 2021; 12:641586. [PMID: 33732210 PMCID: PMC7959833 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.641586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The frontal aslant tract (FAT) is a recently identified white matter tract connecting the supplementary motor complex and lateral superior frontal gyrus to the inferior frontal gyrus. Advancements in neuroimaging and refinements to anatomical dissection techniques of the human brain white matter contributed to the recent description of the FAT anatomical and functional connectivity and its role in the pathogenesis of several neurological, psychiatric, and neurosurgical disorders. Through the application of diffusion tractography and intraoperative electrical brain stimulation, the FAT was shown to have a role in speech and language functions (verbal fluency, initiation and inhibition of speech, sentence production, and lexical decision), working memory, visual–motor activities, orofacial movements, social community tasks, attention, and music processing. Microstructural alterations of the FAT have also been associated with neurological disorders, such as primary progressive aphasia, post-stroke aphasia, stuttering, Foix–Chavany–Marie syndrome, social communication deficit in autism spectrum disorders, and attention–deficit hyperactivity disorder. We provide a systematic review of the current literature about the FAT anatomical connectivity and functional roles. Specifically, the aim of the present study relies on providing an overview for practical neurosurgical applications for the pre-operative, intra-operative, and post-operative assessment of patients with brain tumors located around and within the FAT. Moreover, some useful tests are suggested for the neurosurgical evaluation of FAT integrity to plan a safer surgery and to reduce post-operative deficits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele La Corte
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Daniela Eldahaby
- San Paolo Medical School, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Elena Greco
- San Paolo Medical School, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Domenico Aquino
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Giacomo Bertolini
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Levi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Malte Ottenhausen
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University Medical Center Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Greta Demichelis
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Luigi Michele Romito
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Acerbi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Morgan Broggi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Paolo Schiariti
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Ferroli
- Department of Neurosurgery, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Bruzzone
- Neuroradiology Department, Fondazione IRCCS (Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico) Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy
| | - Graziano Serrao
- San Paolo Medical School, Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.,Department of Health Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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Kierońska S, Świtońska M, Meder G, Piotrowska M, Sokal P. Tractography Alterations in the Arcuate and Uncinate Fasciculi in Post-Stroke Aphasia. Brain Sci 2021; 11:brainsci11010053. [PMID: 33466403 PMCID: PMC7824889 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci11010053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 01/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Fiber tractography based on diffuse tensor imaging (DTI) can reveal three-dimensional white matter connectivity of the human brain. Tractography is a non-invasive method of visualizing cerebral white matter structures in vivo, including neural pathways surrounding the ischemic area. DTI may be useful for elucidating alterations in brain connectivity resulting from neuroplasticity after stroke. We present a case of a male patient who developed significant mixed aphasia following ischemic stroke. The patient had been treated by mechanical thrombectomy followed by an early rehabilitation, in conjunction with transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS). DTI was used to examine the arcuate fasciculus and uncinate fasciculus upon admission and again at three months post-stroke. Results showed an improvement in the patient’s symptoms of aphasia, which was associated with changes in the volume and numbers of tracts in the uncinate fasciculus and the arcuate fasciculus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Kierońska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.K.); (M.Ś.); (M.P.)
| | - Milena Świtońska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.K.); (M.Ś.); (M.P.)
- Faculty of Health Science, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Meder
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Piotrowska
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.K.); (M.Ś.); (M.P.)
| | - Paweł Sokal
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Jan Biziel University Hospital No. 2, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (S.K.); (M.Ś.); (M.P.)
- Faculty of Health Science, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 85-067 Bydgoszcz, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-600954415
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11
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Hu X, Li K, Wang X, Yang P, Tan Q, Li D, Wang X, Zeng F, Jin Y, Fei L, Li H, Chen J, Guo Q. Bilateral asymmetric tonic seizure in insulo-opercular epilepsy: an anatomo-electro-clinical study. ACTA EPILEPTOLOGICA 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s42494-020-00029-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Insulo-opercular seizures are highly heterogeneous in seizure semiology and electrical features. Bilateral asymmetric limb posturing, as a classical pattern of supplementary sensorimotor area (SMA) seizure, also occurs in insulo-opercular epilepsy. This study was aimed to study the anatomo-electro-clinical correlations in bilateral asymmetric tonic seizures (BATS), in order to advance the understanding of insulo-opercular epilepsy.
Methods
Eight patients with insulo-opercular epilepsy as confirmed by stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG) and manifesting BATS as the major ictal motor sign, in Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital Epilepsy Center from 2014 to 2018, were employed in this study. The BATS of the patients were evaluated, and the semiologic features and concomitant intracerebral EEG changes were quantified. Then the variables were examined with Cluster Analysis, and the semiologic features were correlated with anatomic localization using the Kendall correlation test.
Results
Of the 8 patients, the most frequent initial motor sign was bilateral asymmetric tonic posturing (62.5%). Facial tonic-clonic sign also had a high prevalence in the evolution of seizures (87.5%). The results of Cluster Analysis showed that the semiologic features were subdivided into two main groups, one group comprising exclusively BATS and the other including signs of focal tonic seizure, aura, focal limb tonic-clonic seizure (TCS), facial TCS, hypermotor behavior, eye movement, autonomic changes and generalized TCS. The BATS was strongly associated with the posterior long gyrus (PLG) of insula (t = 0.732) and parietal operculum (t = 1.000); the hypermotor behaviors were associated with the anterior long gyrus (ALG) (t = 0.770); and the autonomic changes were associated with the anterior limiting sulcus (ALS) (t = 0.734) and middle short gyrus (MSG) (t = 0.700).
Conclusions
The seizure semiology of insulo-opercular epilepsy is characterized, in temporal order, by BATS, with or without simultaneous hypermotor behaviors, and frequently ends up with facial tonic-clonic signs, which is different from that of the SMA seizure. The early spread network involving the posterior insular lobe and parietal operculum may contribute to this pattern of manifestation.
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12
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Keser Z, Hillis AE, Schulz PE, Hasan KM, Nelson FM. Frontal aslant tracts as correlates of lexical retrieval in MS. Neurol Res 2020; 42:805-810. [PMID: 32552566 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2020.1781454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previous studies reveal that a newly described white matter pathway, the frontal aslant tract (FAT), connecting inferior and superior frontal gyri has a role in speech and language functions. We explored the role of this tract in a phonemic and semantic fluency tasks in a cohort of multiple sclerosis patients diagnosed with cognitive impairment. METHODS Thirty-five MS patients with varying degrees of cognitive impairment underwent diffusion tensor imaging and the Controlled Associated Word Test. Fractional anisotropy (FA) of FAT and arcuate fasciculus (AF) were obtained through a supervised, atlas-based tissue segmentation and parcellation method. Phonemic and semantic fluency scores were obtained from COWAT. We ran a multivariate regression model, and partial correlation analyses adjusted for age, education, and lesion load, and corrected for multiple comparisons. False discovery rate (FDR) was used for the correction of multiple comparisons. RESULTS Bilateral FAT FA showed significant association with phonemic verbal fluency task (Left; r = 0.46, p = 0.0058 and right; r = 0.46, p = 0.0059) but not semantic fluency task and this relation remained significant after FDR correction (p = 0.02 bilaterally). Although left AF showed some significant association with phonemic fluency task, this relation was insignificant after FDR correction. CONCLUSION We show that bilateral FAT are correlates of phonemic verbal fluency task but not semantic in an MS cohort with cognitive impairment. This finding suggests that FAT is more specialized in lexical retrieval function as semantic fluency test encompasses all the functions except the lexical retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zafer Keser
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical School , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Argye E Hillis
- Department of Neurology, The Johns Hopkins Medical School , Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Paul E Schulz
- Department of Neurology, The University of Texas Health Science Center, McGovern Medical School , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Khader M Hasan
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, McGovern Medical School, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston , Houston, TX, USA
| | - Flavia M Nelson
- Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota , Minneapolis, MN, USA
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13
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Briggs RG, Conner AK, Rahimi M, Sali G, Baker CM, Burks JD, Glenn CA, Battiste JD, Sughrue ME. A Connectomic Atlas of the Human Cerebrum-Chapter 14: Tractographic Description of the Frontal Aslant Tract. Oper Neurosurg (Hagerstown) 2019; 15:S444-S449. [PMID: 30260440 DOI: 10.1093/ons/opy268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
In this supplement, we show a comprehensive anatomic atlas of the human cerebrum demonstrating all 180 distinct regions comprising the cerebral cortex. The location, functional connectivity, and structural connectivity of these regions are outlined, and where possible a discussion is included of the functional significance of these areas. In this chapter, we specifically address the regions integrating to form the frontal aslant tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert G Briggs
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Andrew K Conner
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Meherzad Rahimi
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Goksel Sali
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Cordell M Baker
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Joshua D Burks
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Chad A Glenn
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - James D Battiste
- Department of Neurology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma
| | - Michael E Sughrue
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma.,Department of Neurosurgery, Prince of Wales Private Hospital, Sydney, Australia
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14
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Alterations in the Structural and Functional Connectivity of the Visuomotor Network of Children With Periventricular Leukomalacia. Semin Pediatr Neurol 2019; 31:48-56. [PMID: 31548024 PMCID: PMC6761984 DOI: 10.1016/j.spen.2019.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Children born preterm with periventricular leukomalacia (PVL) demonstrate increased difficulties with tasks requiring visuomotor integration. The visuomotor integration network encompasses brain regions within frontal, parietal, and occipital cortices. Because of their proximity to the lateral ventricle the underlying white matter pathways are at a high risk of damage following PVL-related hypoxic-ischemic white matter injury. This study provides an exploratory analysis of the structural and functional connections within the visuomotor integration network, along with an a priori evaluation of the superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and frontal aslant tract. For each pathway, tracts within both hemispheres revealed decreased volume and number of reconstructed fibers and an increase in quantitative anisotropy and generalized fractional anisotropy. The connectivity results also indicate that there may be changes to both the structural integrity and functional integration of neural networks involved with visuomotor integration functions in children with PVL.
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15
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Bernal B, Guillen M, Ragheb J, Altman N, Ibrahim GM, LaPlante P, Padilla A, Duchowny M. Functional imaging localization of complex organic hallucinations. Neurocase 2019; 25:91-97. [PMID: 31094654 DOI: 10.1080/13554794.2019.1611866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: fMRI of mental phenomena is quite difficult to perform because lack of patient's cooperation or because the symptoms are stable. In some exceptional cases, however, fMRI and DTI are capable to provide insights on the anatomy of organic hallucinations. Methods: In this report we describe a 14-year-old boy with a left fronto-dorsal tumor who experienced chronic complex brief, frequent and repetitive complex visual and auditory hallucinations. His clinical picture included multiple and severe social and mood problems. During a presurgical fMRI mapping the patient complained of having the visual and auditory hallucinations. A block-design FMRI paradigm was obtained from the event timecourse. Deterministic DTI of the brain was obtained seeding the lesion as ROI. The patient underwent surgery and electrocorticography of the lesional area. Results: The fMRI of the hallucinations showed activation in the left inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the peri-lesional area. The tractography of the tumor revealed structural aberrant connectivity to occipital and temporal areas in addition to the expected connectivity with the IFG via the aslant fasciculus and homotopic contralateral areas. Intraoperative EEG demonstrated epileptic discharges in the tumor and neighboring areas. After resection, the patient's hallucinations stopped completely. He regained his normal social life and recover his normal mood. He remained asymptomatic for 90 days. Afterwards, hallucinations reappeared but with less intensity. Conclusions: To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of combined functional and structural connectivity imaging demonstrating brain regions participating in a network involved in the generation of complex auditory and visual hallucinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byron Bernal
- a Department of Radiology , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA.,b Brain Institute, Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Magno Guillen
- a Department of Radiology , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - John Ragheb
- c Department of Neurosurgery , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Nolan Altman
- a Department of Radiology , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - George M Ibrahim
- c Department of Neurosurgery , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Philip LaPlante
- d Department of Psychiatry , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Americo Padilla
- d Department of Psychiatry , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
| | - Michael Duchowny
- e Department of Neurology , Miami Children's Hospital , Miami, FL , USA
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16
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Chernoff BL, Sims MH, Smith SO, Pilcher WH, Mahon BZ. Direct electrical stimulation of the left frontal aslant tract disrupts sentence planning without affecting articulation. Cogn Neuropsychol 2019; 36:178-192. [PMID: 31210568 PMCID: PMC6744286 DOI: 10.1080/02643294.2019.1619544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2018] [Revised: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Sentence production involves mapping from deep structures that specify meaning and thematic roles to surface structures that specify the order and sequencing of production ready elements. We propose that the frontal aslant tract is a key pathway for sequencing complex actions with deep hierarchical structure. In the domain of language, and primarily with respect to the left FAT, we refer to this as the 'Syntagmatic Constraints On Positional Elements' (SCOPE) hypothesis. One prediction made by the SCOPE hypothesis is that disruption of the frontal aslant tract should disrupt sentence production at grammatical phrase boundaries, with no disruption of articulatory processes. We test this prediction in a patient undergoing direct electrical stimulation mapping of the frontal aslant tract during an awake craniotomy to remove a left frontal brain tumor. We found that stimulation of the left FAT prolonged inter-word durations at the start of grammatical phrases, while inter-word durations internal to noun phrases were unaffected, and there was no effect on intra-word articulatory duration. These results provide initial support for the SCOPE hypothesis, and motivate novel directions for future research to explore the functions of this recently discovered component of the language system.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Max H. Sims
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, USA
| | - Susan O. Smith
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA
| | | | - Bradford Z. Mahon
- Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University, USA
- Department of Neurology, University of Rochester, USA
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, USA
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17
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Garic D, Broce I, Graziano P, Mattfeld A, Dick AS. Laterality of the frontal aslant tract (FAT) explains externalizing behaviors through its association with executive function. Dev Sci 2019; 22:e12744. [PMID: 30159951 PMCID: PMC9828516 DOI: 10.1111/desc.12744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the development of a recently identified white matter pathway, the frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its association with executive function and externalizing behaviors in a sample of 129 neurotypical male and female human children ranging in age from 7 months to 19 years. We found that the FAT could be tracked in 92% of those children, and that the pathway showed age-related differences into adulthood. The change in white matter microstructure was very rapid until about 6 years, and then plateaued, only to show age-related increases again after the age of 11 years. In a subset of those children (5-18 years; n = 70), left laterality of the microstructural properties of the FAT was associated with greater attention problems as measured by the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). However, this relationship was fully mediated by higher executive dysfunction as measured by the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function (BRIEF). This relationship was specific to the FAT-we found no relationship between laterality of a control pathway, or of the white matter of the brain in general, and attention and executive function. These findings suggest that the degree to which the developing brain favors a right lateralized structural dominance of the FAT is directly associated with executive function and attention. This novel finding provides a new potential structural biomarker to assess attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and associated executive dysfunction during development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dea Garic
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199
| | - Iris Broce
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, 94143
| | - Paulo Graziano
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199
| | - Aaron Mattfeld
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199
| | - Anthony Steven Dick
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199
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18
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Briggs RG, Chakraborty AR, Anderson CD, Abraham CJ, Palejwala AH, Conner AK, Pelargos PE, O'Donoghue DL, Glenn CA, Sughrue ME. Anatomy and white matter connections of the inferior frontal gyrus. Clin Anat 2019; 32:546-556. [DOI: 10.1002/ca.23349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Revised: 02/01/2019] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Robert G. Briggs
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Arpan R. Chakraborty
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Christopher D. Anderson
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Carol J. Abraham
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Ali H. Palejwala
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Andrew K. Conner
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Panayiotis E. Pelargos
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Daniel L. O'Donoghue
- Department of Cell BiologyUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Chad A. Glenn
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
| | - Michael E. Sughrue
- Department of NeurosurgeryUniversity of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center Oklahoma City Oklahoma
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19
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Dick AS, Garic D, Graziano P, Tremblay P. The frontal aslant tract (FAT) and its role in speech, language and executive function. Cortex 2018; 111:148-163. [PMID: 30481666 DOI: 10.1016/j.cortex.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 08/27/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this review, we examine the structural connectivity of a recently-identified fiber pathway, the frontal aslant tract (FAT), and explore its function. We first review structural connectivity studies using tract-tracing methods in non-human primates, and diffusion-weighted imaging and electrostimulation in humans. These studies suggest a monosynaptic connection exists between the lateral inferior frontal gyrus and the pre-supplementary and supplementary motor areas of the medial superior frontal gyrus. This connection is termed the FAT. We then review research on the left FAT's putative role in supporting speech and language function, with particular focus on speech initiation, stuttering and verbal fluency. Next, we review research on the right FAT's putative role supporting executive function, namely inhibitory control and conflict monitoring for action. We summarize the extant body of empirical work by suggesting that the FAT plays a domain general role in the planning, timing, and coordination of sequential motor movements through the resolution of competition among potential motor plans. However, we also propose some domain specialization across the hemispheres. On the left hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for speech actions. On the right hemisphere, the circuit is proposed to be specialized for general action control of the organism, especially in the visuo-spatial domain. We close the review with a discussion of the clinical significance of the FAT, and suggestions for further research on the pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Dea Garic
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Paulo Graziano
- Department of Psychology, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Pascale Tremblay
- Departement de Readaptation, Université Laval, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada; CERVO Brain Research Center, Quebec City, Canada
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20
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Leroux E, Vandevelde A, Tréhout M, Dollfus S. Abnormalities of fronto-subcortical pathways in schizophrenia and the differential impacts of antipsychotic treatment: a DTI-based tractography study. Psychiatry Res Neuroimaging 2018; 280:22-29. [PMID: 30145382 DOI: 10.1016/j.pscychresns.2018.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2018] [Revised: 06/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The fronto-striato-thalamic circuitry is a key network in patients with schizophrenia (SZPs). We use diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to investigate the integrity of white matter (WM) pathways involved in this network in SZPs relative to healthy controls (HCs). We also evaluate the differential impact of chronic exposure to clozapine as well as other atypical and typical antipsychotics. 63 HCs and 41 SZPs were included. Of the SZPs, 16 were treated with clozapine (SZPsC), 17 with atypical antipsychotics (SZPsA), and 8 with typical antipsychotics (SZPsT). Three tracts were reconstructed in the left hemisphere using tractography: one fronto-subcortical tract, one prefronto-subcortical tract, and one prefronto-frontal tract. Diffusion parameters were individually extracted in each tract. SZPs exhibited lower integrity in both the fronto-subcortical and prefronto-subcortical tracts relative to HCs, and SZPsT showed altered integrity compared to SZPsC. There were no WM integrity differences in the prefronto-frontal tract between SZP groups or between SZPs and HCs. SZPs exhibit structural connectivity abnormalities in the prefronto-fronto-subcortical network that are specifically and differentially impacted by the type of antipsychotic treatment. Additional studies are needed to separate the contributions of clozapine-mediated neuroprotection, neurotoxicity related to typical antipsychotics, and the illness itself to observed differences.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Leroux
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - A Vandevelde
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - M Tréhout
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
| | - S Dollfus
- ISTS EA 7466, Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France; Service de Psychiatrie Adulte, Centre Esquirol, CHU de Caen, 14000 Caen, France; UFR de Médecine (Medical School), Normandie Université, UNICAEN, Caen, France.
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