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Li B, Dong H, Wang Y, Li F, Gao X, Ma H, Gao L. Effects of sleep insufficiency on spatial working memory in low-pressure and hypoxic environments. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e30210. [PMID: 36107513 PMCID: PMC9439777 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000030210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of sleep insufficiency on spatial working memory in low-pressure and hypoxic environments. METHODS We selected 58 insufficient sleepers and 27 normal sleepers among the college students living in high-altitude areas for a long time to receive a spatial 2-back working memory task, while collecting behavioral and electroencephalograph data. We adopted an independent sample t-test and repeated measures analysis of variance to compare the differences in response time and accuracy, P2 and late positive potential components, and theta band energy values in the spatial working memory task between insufficient and normal sleepers. RESULTS We found no significant differences in response time and accuracy between the insufficient sleep group and the normal sleep group; however, the P2 peak value and the early theta band energy value were higher in the insufficient sleep group than in the normal sleep group. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that the spatial working memory ability of individuals with sleep insufficiency was weakened under low-pressure and low-oxygen environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingqi Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
| | - Haotian Dong
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
| | - Yanxiang Wang
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
| | - Fangming Li
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
| | - Xiaolei Gao
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
| | - Hailin Ma
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
| | - Lei Gao
- Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University/South China Normal University, Lhasa, China
- *Correspondence: Lei Gao, Plateau Brain Science Research Center, Tibet University, Jiangsu Road No. 36, Chengguan District, Lhasa 850000, China (e-mail: )
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Kumar N, Goyal A, Hussain A, Saini LK, Chawla O, Arora P, Daga R, Tikka SK, Goyal SK, Kanchan S, Desai S, Ahmed S, Das S, Dubey V, Gupta R. SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with increased odds of insomnia, RLS and dream enactment behavior. Indian J Psychiatry 2022; 64:354-363. [PMID: 36060721 PMCID: PMC9435609 DOI: 10.4103/indianjpsychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_586_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Literature suggests that the COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in poor sleep quality, especially among the infected population. However, literature regarding the effect of COVID-19 pandemic and SARS-CoV-2 infection on occurrence of insomnia, restless legs syndrome and dream enactment behavior is either scarce or unavailable. METHODS This study was planned to assess the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on the occurrence of insomnia, restless legs syndrome (RLS) and dream enactment behavior (DEB). For this cross-sectional study, a questionnaire comprising of items related to demographic details, past medical history, and information related to SARS-CoV-2 infection was distributed through social media. Insomnia was diagnosed using clinical criteria. RLS, DEB, sleep quality, depression and anxiety were assessed using a validated questionnaire. Information regarding the use of hypnotic medications was also gathered. RESULTS Of the 1596 respondents, 37.2% reported disturbed sleep while insomnia was reported by 22.6% respondents. 27.3% of respondents reported RLS and 17.4% suffered DEB. The odds of insomnia were greater among males (OR = 1.27; 95% CI: 1.03-1.58; P < 0.02) and among those who had SARS-CoV-2 infection (OR = 1.76; 95% CI = 1.42-2.19; P < 0.001). Similarly, SARS-CoV-2 infection was also associated with increased odds of RLS (OR = 2.48; 95% CI = 1.98-3.11; P < 0.001) and DEB (OR = 1.58; 95%CI = 1.21-2.06; P < 0.001). Insomnia, RLS and DEB were more frequent among respondents who required oxygen therapy, those who experienced loss of taste and/or smell, depression and anxiety. Prevalence of insomnia, DEB and RLS was higher than said prevalence among respondents with no history of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but lower than that of those with positive history of SARS-CoV-2 infection. 5.3% of respondents reported taking hypnotic medications before infection, 7% during infection and 5.3% after infection. CONCLUSION SARS-CoV-2-infection-related factors in association with environmental factors have increased the prevalence of insomnia, DEB and RLS among subjects having infection. SARS-CoV-2-associated immunological changes, hypoxia and neurotropism may play a role in occurrence of insomnia, DEB and RLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niraj Kumar
- Department of Neurology and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Abhishek Goyal
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Arshad Hussain
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Omna Chawla
- Department of Physiology, Seema Dental College and Hospital, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - Ritu Daga
- Vivekananda Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sai Krishna Tikka
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Telangana, India
| | | | - Shweta Kanchan
- Harispandan Heart Care Centre, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Soaham Desai
- Department of Neurology, Shree Krishna Hospital and Pramukhswami Medical College, Bhaikaka University, Karamasad, Anand, Gujarat, India
| | - Sohaib Ahmed
- Department of Medicine, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sourav Das
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Somnos Sleep Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Vaibhav Dubey
- Department of Psychiatry, People's College of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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3
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Jayamaha AR, Jones AV, Katagira W, Girase B, Yusuf ZK, Pina I, Wilde LJ, Akylbekov A, Divall P, Singh SJ, Orme MW. Systematic Review of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behaviour and Sleep Among Adults Living with Chronic Respiratory Disease in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2022; 17:821-854. [PMID: 35469273 PMCID: PMC9033501 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s345034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract Physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep are important lifestyle behaviours associated with chronic respiratory disease (CRD) morbidity and mortality. These behaviours need to be understood in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC) to develop appropriate interventions. Purpose Where and how have free-living PA, SB and sleep data been collected for adults living with CRD in LMIC? What are the free-living PA, SB and sleep levels of adults living with CRD? Patients and Methods The literature on free-living PA, SB and sleep of people living with CRD in LMIC was systematically reviewed in five relevant scientific databases. The review included empirical studies conducted in LMIC, reported in any language. Reviewers screened the articles and extracted data on prevalence, levels and measurement approach of PA, SB and sleep using a standardised form. Quality of reporting was assessed using bespoke criteria. Results Of 89 articles, most were conducted in Brazil (n=43). PA was the commonest behaviour measured (n=66). Questionnaires (n=52) were more commonly used to measure physical behaviours than device-based (n=37) methods. International Physical Activity Questionnaire was the commonest for measuring PA/SB (n=11). For sleep, most studies used Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (n=18). The most common ways of reporting were steps per day (n=21), energy expenditure (n=21), sedentary time (n=16), standing time (n=13), sitting time (n=11), lying time (n=10) and overall sleep quality (n=32). Studies revealed low PA levels [steps per day (range 2669-7490steps/day)], sedentary lifestyles [sitting time (range 283-418min/day); standing time (range 139-270min/day); lying time (range 76-119min/day)] and poor sleep quality (range 33-100%) among adults with CRD in LMIC. Conclusion Data support low PA levels, sedentary lifestyles and poor sleep among people in LMIC living with CRDs. More studies are needed in more diverse populations and would benefit from a harmonised approach to data collection for international comparisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akila R Jayamaha
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, KIU, Battaramulla, Sri Lanka
| | - Amy V Jones
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, Leicester, UK
| | - Winceslaus Katagira
- Makerere University Lung Institute, Makerere University College of Health Sciences, Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | - Zainab K Yusuf
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, Leicester, UK
| | - Ilaria Pina
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura J Wilde
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, Leicester, UK
| | - Azamat Akylbekov
- National Centre for Cardiology and Internal Medicine, Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan
| | - Pip Divall
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Sally J Singh
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, Leicester, UK
| | - Mark W Orme
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Centre for Exercise and Rehabilitation Science, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre-Respiratory, Leicester, UK
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4
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Kanchan S, Saini LK, Daga R, Arora P, Gupta R. Status of the practice of sleep medicine in India during the COVID-19 pandemic. J Clin Sleep Med 2021; 17:1229-1235. [PMID: 33612159 DOI: 10.5664/jcsm.9172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVES Like other medical branches, the practice of sleep medicine has been affected by the COVID-19 pandemic; however, the actual impact is not known. This study was planned to assess the status of the practice of sleep medicine in India during the COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown. METHODS This was an online questionnaire-based descriptive study. A 25-item questionnaire was developed to assess the functioning of sleep laboratories, use of telemedicine, and positive airway pressure therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic in India. The questionnaire was sent to the sleep physicians of 2 major sleep medicine societies of India. Responses were analyzed. RESULTS In this study, the response rate was 64.6%. During this pandemic, 72% of physicians reported that they had closed sleep laboratory, whereas 24% reported shifting to home sleep apnea testing. Only half of the sleep physicians confirmed awareness of the disinfection guidelines proposed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine to prevent COVID-19 infection in the sleep laboratory. However, almost all of them reported taking preventive measures like the use of protective gear. Sixty-one percent of physicians advised mitigating strategies as a temporary measure to their patients of obstructive sleep apnea. A total of 58.6% opined that auto-positive airway pressure might be used for uncomplicated obstructive sleep apnea without diagnostic polysomnography during the pandemic. Eighty-four percent of physicians reported that they were continuing their services through a telemedicine facility. Physicians reported that consultations for insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders increased during the pandemic. CONCLUSIONS Sleep laboratories were reportedly closed during the COVID-19 pandemic, and most of the sleep physicians were providing services through telemedicine. The majority reported that auto-positive airway pressure without diagnostic polysomnography could be an effective option for uncomplicated obstructive sleep apnea. Consultation for insomnia and circadian rhythm sleep disorders reportedly increased during the lockdown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Kanchan
- Department of Sleep Medicine, Harispandan Herat Care centre, Gomti Nagar, Lucknow, Uttarpradesh, India
| | - Lokesh Kumar Saini
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ritu Daga
- Vivekanand Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry and Division of Sleep Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Dhiman V, Krishnan V, Basu A, Das A, Rohilla J, Rawat VS, Nishchal A, Dave M, Solanki RK, Sahadevan S, Pal A, Garg S, Tikka SK, Dhyani M, Avinash P, Gupta M, Kant R, Gupta R. Development of psychiatry curriculum as a major subject during MBBS in India. Indian J Psychiatry 2021; 63:290-293. [PMID: 34211224 PMCID: PMC8221201 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_466_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2020] [Revised: 06/06/2020] [Accepted: 01/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Vishal Dhiman
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Krishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aniruddha Basu
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anindya Das
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jitendra Rohilla
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vikram Singh Rawat
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anil Nishchal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Malay Dave
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ram Kumar Solanki
- Department of Psychiatry, SMS Medical College, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sreeja Sahadevan
- Department of Psychiatry, MOSC Medical College, Ernakulum, Kerala, India
| | - Arghya Pal
- Department of Psychiatry, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Shobit Garg
- Department of Psychiatry, Shri Guru Ram Rai Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sai Krishna Tikka
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Mohan Dhyani
- Department of Psychiatry, Shri Guru Ram Rai Medical College, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Priyaranjan Avinash
- Department of Psychiatry, Himalayan Institute of Medical Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Manoj Gupta
- Dean Academic, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Ravi Kant
- Director, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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6
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Kumar A, Gupta R, Gupta R. Prevalence and correlates of poor sleep quality in chronic liver disease patients. Sleep Sci 2021; 14:266-272. [PMID: 35186205 PMCID: PMC8848518 DOI: 10.5935/1984-0063.20200060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previously done studies have shown that 39.6%-81% of subjects with chronic liver disease (CLD) report poor sleep quality and 42% experience insomnia. However, despite the high prevalence of insomnia and poor sleep quality in this group of patients, literature is scanty. In addition, previous studies have not ruled out subjects with restless legs syndrome, which is seen in a sizable number of subjects having CLD. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult patients with a clinical diagnosis of CLD were included after excluding potential confounders. The etiology of CLD was investigated. The severity of liver disease was assessed and graded as Child-Turcotte-Pugh (CTP) class A, B or C; model for end-stage liver disease (MELD) score and as the presence of compensated or decompensated liver disease. Acute on chronic liver failure was also defined as per APASL criteria. For the present study, subjects having a score greater than 14 on insomnia severity index along with clinical diagnosis (DSM-5) were considered as having insomnia. Depression was diagnosed using a patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) along with clinical criteria following DSM-5. Sleep quality was assessed by the Pittsburg sleep quality index - Hindi version. RLS was diagnosed on clinical interview and examination. The severity of RLS was assessed using international RLS severity rating scales. RESULTS This cross-sectional study included 131 subjects. This sample had a predominance of males (78.6%), the average age of subjects was 48.70+12.31 years and 98.5% of subjects had decompensated liver disease. 54.2% had a history of alcohol use disorder and 45% had a history of nicotine use disorder. The prevalence of hepatitis B and C infection was 16.8% and 23.7%, respectively. Acute on chronic liver failure was observed in 22.9% of subjects. 19.8% of subjects had acute kidney injury. Poor sleep quality was reported by 37.4% of subjects in this study which was higher than population prevalence (p<0.001). Subjects with poor sleep quality had a higher proportion of insomnia, RLS, and depression. 19.8% of subjects reported insomnia in the present study and depressive symptoms were more severe among subjects with insomnia. RLS was reported by 19.1% of subjects and 2.3% had a positive family history of RLS. However, there was no difference in sleep quality and insomnia in patients with or without RLS. CONCLUSION The present study shows that insomnia and poor sleep quality are more prevalent among patients with CLD. Sleep disturbance is associated with depressive symptoms and can worsen the quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akash Kumar
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry - Dehradun - Uttarakhand - India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Psychiatry - Dehradun - Uttarakhand - India
| | - Rohit Gupta
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Gastroenterology - Dehradun - Uttrakhand - India. ,Corresponding author: Rohit Gupta E-mail:
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7
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Xiao S, Liu S, Zhang P, Yu J, A H, Wu H, Zhang F, Xiao Y, Ma N, Zhang X, Ma X, Li J, Wang X, Shao X, Liu W, Zhang X, Wu W, Wang L, Wu R, He Y, Xu Z, Chi L, Du S, Zhang B. The Association Between Depressive Symptoms and Insomnia in College Students in Qinghai Province: The Mediating Effect of Rumination. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:751411. [PMID: 34744840 PMCID: PMC8563788 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.751411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: This study investigates the mediating effect of rumination on the associations between depressive symptoms and insomnia. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study. Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Ruminant Response Scale (RRS) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) were determined in 12,178 college students in Qinghai province by a questionnaire network platform. Results: The prevalence of insomnia was 38.6% in the participants. Insomnia symptoms [interquartile range: 6 (3, 9)], depressive symptoms [interquartile range: 5 (1, 9)], and rumination [interquartile range: 22 (20, 26)] were positively correlated (r = 0.25-0.46, p < 0.01). Mediation effect analysis showed that the depressive symptoms affected insomnia directly and indirectly. The direct effect and the indirect effect through rumination account for 92.4 and 7.6% of the total effect, respectively. Conclusion: The study shows that insomnia, depressive symptoms, and rumination are related constructs in college students in Qinghai province. It demonstrates the direct effects and the rumination-mediated indirect effects between depressive symptoms and insomnia; the direct effects seem to be dominant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuheng Xiao
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuai Liu
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.,The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Puxiao Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, China
| | - Jia Yu
- The Third People's Hospital of Panzhihua, Panzhihua, China
| | - Huaihong A
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Hui Wu
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Fabin Zhang
- Department of Student Affairs, Qinghai University, Xining, China
| | - Yulan Xiao
- Office of the President, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Naiben Ma
- Department of Student Affairs, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Xiuqin Zhang
- Department of Student Affairs, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China.,Mental Health Education Center, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Xiaoxia Ma
- Mental Health Education Center, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Junfeng Li
- School of Economics and Trade, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, China.,School of Economics and Management, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Xiaodun Wang
- School of Civil Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.,School of Civil and Traffic Engineering, Qinghai Nationalities University, Xining, China
| | - Xin Shao
- School of Physics Science and Information Technology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, China.,School of Physics and Electronic Information Engineering, Qinghai Normal University, Xining, China
| | - Wenjing Liu
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Xiaolin Zhang
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Wei Wu
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Lihua Wang
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Rihan Wu
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Yinglian He
- The Third People's Hospital of Qinghai Province, Xining, China
| | - Zeyu Xu
- Institute of Health Management, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Luhao Chi
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shixu Du
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Psychiatry, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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8
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Das A, Krishnan V, Dhiman V, Rohilla JK, Rawat VS, Basu A, Gupta R, Kant R. Need and learnings from having psychiatry as major subject during medical graduate examination. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:723-727. [PMID: 33896981 PMCID: PMC8052870 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_806_19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Anindya Das
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Krishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vishal Dhiman
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Jitendra Kumar Rohilla
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vikram Singh Rawat
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Aniruddha Basu
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ravi Kant
- Department of Director and CEO, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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9
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Sun S, Qiu J, Ren J, Zhao X, Jiang Y, Wang R, Wu C, Cheng J, Su C. Association between leg motor restlessness and depression among Chinese males living at high-altitude: the mediating role of insomnia. Sleep Breath 2020; 25:979-987. [PMID: 32770461 DOI: 10.1007/s11325-020-02156-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Previous research has documented an association between insomnia and depression among patients with restless legs syndrome (RLS)/Willis-Ekbom disease. Given that leg motor restlessness (LMR) is closely related to RLS, the purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of insomnia and depression among individuals with LMR. In addition, we examined the associations among LMR, insomnia, and depression in a sample of young Chinese men living in high-altitude areas. METHODS Chinese military personnel working on the Qinghai Tibet Plateau (Lhasa, an altitude of 3600 m) were recruited in 2019 to complete a series of questionnaires. Participants having the urge to move their legs but not meeting the diagnostic criteria for RLS were classified as having LMR. Hierarchical linear regressions and mediational analyses using the SPSS PROCESS macro in SPSS were conducted to examine the associations among LMR, insomnia, and depression. RESULTS Of 196 participants, 36 (18%) had LMR. Only 1 participant was diagnosed with RLS. The proportions of participants suffering from insomnia who had LMR and did not have LMR were 44% and 22%, respectively. For depression, the proportions were 47% and 28%, respectively. Results of the hierarchical linear regressions showed that both LMR and depression were associated with increased insomnia symptoms. In addition, results from the mediational analyses indicated that the indirect effect of LMR on depression was significant and accounted for 52% of the total effect. CONCLUSIONS Participants with LMR had a higher prevalence of insomnia and depression compared with those without LMR. In addition, LMR was correlated with depression, and insomnia played a significant role in this co-occurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyu Sun
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jian Qiu
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jiafeng Ren
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Xianchao Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Yingcong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Rong Wang
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Chengji Wu
- Basic Medical School of Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - Jinxiang Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China. .,Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
| | - Changjun Su
- Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China. .,Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Neurology, Tangdu Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.
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10
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Gupta R, Grover S, Basu A, Krishnan V, Tripathi A, Subramanyam A, Nischal A, Hussain A, Mehra A, Ambekar A, Saha G, Mishra KK, Bathla M, Jagiwala M, Manjunatha N, Nebhinani N, Gaur N, Kumar N, Dalal PK, Kumar P, Midha PK, Daga R, Tikka SK, Praharaj SK, Goyal SK, Kanchan S, Sarkar S, Das S, Sarkhel S, Padhy SK, Sahoo S, Satyanarayana Rao TS, Dubey V, Menon V, Chhabra V, Lahan V, Avasthi A. Changes in sleep pattern and sleep quality during COVID-19 lockdown. Indian J Psychiatry 2020; 62:370-378. [PMID: 33165382 PMCID: PMC7597722 DOI: 10.4103/psychiatry.indianjpsychiatry_523_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION To mitigate the spread of the pandemic coronavirus infection (COVID-19), governments across the world have adopted "lockdowns" which have confined many individuals to their homes. This disrupts normal life routines, elements of which are important circadian cues. The pandemic is also associated with new stressors, altered roles, and uncertainties about health and economic security, which are also likely to affect sleep. The current study is an online survey of sleep experience, routines, physical activity, and symptoms of anxiety and depression, to study the alterations associated with the lockdown. MATERIALS AND METHODS The survey was conducted in early May 2020 using a questionnaire circulated through social media platforms. Questions related to demographic characteristics, current and previous sleep schedules, routine, and working patterns. Insomnia (Insomnia Severity Index - 4), Stress (Perceived Stress Scale - 4), anxiety and depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire - 4) and physical activity (International Physical Activities Questionnaire) were assessed using standardized instruments. RESULTS A total of 958 valid responses were received. Compared to the prelockdown period, there was a shift to a later bedtime and waking time, with a reduction in night-time sleep and an increase in day-time napping. These effects were visible across occupational groups, but mostly affected working individuals except health professionals. Sleep quality deteriorated across groups. Reductions in sleep duration were associated with depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The COVID-19 lockdown is associated with changes in sleep schedule and in the quantity and quality of night-time sleep. Although these changes are associated with elevated rates of emotional symptoms, it is unclear from these cross-sectional results, whether sleep deterioration produces psychological distress, or vice versa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Gupta
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Sandeep Grover
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Aniruddha Basu
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Vijay Krishnan
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Adarsh Tripathi
- Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Alka Subramanyam
- Department of Psychiatry, TN Nair Medical College, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil Nischal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Arshad Hussain
- Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Aseem Mehra
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Atul Ambekar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Gautam Saha
- Consultant Psychiatrist, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Kshirod Kumar Mishra
- Department of Psychiatry, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manish Bathla
- Department of Psychiatry, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, MMDU, Mullana, Haryana, India
| | | | | | - Naresh Nebhinani
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India
| | | | - Niraj Kumar
- Neurology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Pronob Kumar Dalal
- Department of Psychiatry, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Pankaj Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India
| | | | - Ritu Daga
- Vivekananda Institute of Mental Health, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Sai Krishna Tikka
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | | | | | - Shweta Kanchan
- Physiology, King George Medical University, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Siddharth Sarkar
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Sourav Das
- Somnos Sleep Clinic, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sujit Sarkhel
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Psychiatry, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Susanta Kumar Padhy
- Department of Psychiatry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Swapnajeet Sahoo
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - T S Satyanarayana Rao
- Department of Psychiatry, JSS Medical College and Hospital, JSS Academy of Higher Education and Research, Mysore, Karnataka, India
| | - Vaibhav Dubey
- Department of Psychiatry, People's Medical College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Vikas Menon
- Department of Psychiatry, JIPMER, Puducherry, India
| | | | | | - Ajit Avasthi
- Department of Psychiatry, Fortis Hospital, Mohali, Punjab, India
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