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Teng Z, Zhang N, Zhang L, Zhang L, Liu S, Fu T, Wang Q, Gao T. Integrated Multi-Omics Reveals New Ruminal Microbial Features Associated with Peanut Vine Efficiency in Dairy Cattle. Life (Basel) 2024; 14:802. [PMID: 39063557 PMCID: PMC11277927 DOI: 10.3390/life14070802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to improve the utilization of peanut vines as forage material for ruminants by investigating the degradation pattern of peanut vines in the dairy cow rumen. Samples of peanut vine incubated in cow rumens were collected at various time points. Bacterial diversity was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZymes) were analyzed by metagenomics. The peanut vines degraded rapidly from 2 to 24 h, before slowing from 24 to 72 h. SEM images confirmed dynamic peanut vine colonization. Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were the two most dominant bacterial phyla throughout. Principal coordinates analysis indicated significant microbial composition changes at 6 and 24 h. This may be because, in the early stage, soluble carbohydrates that are easily degradable were degraded, while in the later stage, fibrous substances that are difficult to degrade were mainly degraded. Glycoside hydrolases (GHs) were the most abundant CAZymes, with peak relative abundance at 6 h (56.7 trans per million, TPM), and reducing at 24 (55.9 TPM) and 72 h (55.3 TPM). Spearman correlation analysis showed that Alistipes_sp._CAG:435, Alistipes_sp._CAG:514, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:1060, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:545, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:709, Bacteroides_sp._CAG:770, bacterium_F082, bacterium_F083, GH29, GH78, and GH92 were important for plant fiber degradation. These findings provide fundamental knowledge about forage degradation in the cow rumen, and will be important for the targeted improvement of ruminant plant biomass utilization efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhanwei Teng
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Z.T.)
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Postdoctoral Research Base, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Z.T.)
| | - Lijie Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Liyang Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shenhe Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Tong Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Qinghua Wang
- College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang 453003, China; (Z.T.)
| | - Tengyun Gao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450046, China
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Wang Y, Ying G, Zhang Z, Tang Y, Zhang Y, Chen L. Bacillus velezensis promotes the proliferation of lactic acid bacteria and influences the fermentation quality of whole-plant corn silage. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1285582. [PMID: 38425795 PMCID: PMC10902168 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1285582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
Objective This study aimed to investigate the promoting effect of a Bacillus velezensis (BV) strain on lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and determine its influence on the fermentation quality and aerobic stability of silage. Methods Flat colony counting method was used to evaluate the effect of BV on the growth of LAB. Freshly harvested whole-plant corn was inoculated separately with BV and L. plantarum (LP), along with an uninoculated control group (CK), and assessed at 1, 3, 5, 7, 15, and 30 days of ensiling. Results The results indicated that BV exhibited a proliferative effect on Weissella confusa, Lactobacillus plantarum L-2, and Pediococcus pentosaceus. And exhibited a more rapid pH reduction in BV-inoculated silage compared with that in CK and LP-inoculated silage during the initial stage of ensiling. Throughout ensiling, the BV and LP experimental groups showed enhanced silage fermentation quality over CK. Additionally, relative to LP-inoculated silage, BV-inoculated silage displayed reduced pH and propionic acid. BV also prolonged aerobic stability under aerobic conditions. The microbial community in BV-inoculated silage showed greater stability than that in LP-inoculated silage. Additionally, Firmicutes and Lactobacillus exhibited more rapid elevation initially in BV versus LP-inoculated silage, but reached comparable levels between the two inoculation groups in the later stage. Conclusion In summary, BV enhanced the efficacy and aerobic stability of whole-plant corn silage fermentation by stimulating LAB proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yili Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Gangqing Ying
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Zimo Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yu Tang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Yunhua Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
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Qiu S, Li K, He X, Gu M, Jiang X, Lu J, Ma Z, Liang X, Gan Q. The Effects of Composite Alkali-Stored Spent Hypsizygus marmoreus Substrate on Carcass Quality, Rumen Fermentation, and Rumen Microbial Diversity in Goats. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:166. [PMID: 38200897 PMCID: PMC10778354 DOI: 10.3390/ani14010166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of composite alkali-stored spent Hypsizygus marmoreus substrate (SHMS) on carcass quality, rumen fermentation, and rumen microbial diversity in goats. Twenty-four 6-month-old Chuanzhong black goats with similar body weights (20 ± 5 kg) were selected and randomly divided into four groups (n = 6 per group) and received four treatments: 0% (control group, CG); 20% (low-addition group, LG); 30% (moderate-addition group, MG); and 40% (high-addition group, HG) of SHMS-replaced silage corn and oat hay. The experiment lasted for 74 days (including a 14 d adaptation period and a 60 d treatment period). The results of this study showed that MG and HG significantly improved the marble score of goat meat (p < 0.05). The flesh color score significantly increased in each group (p < 0.05). The fat color scores significantly increased in LG and MG (p < 0.05). There were no significant effects on the pH value or shear force of the longissimus dorsi in each group (p > 0.05). The cooking loss in MG was higher than that in CG (p < 0.05). The histidine and tyrosine contents in each group of muscles significantly increased (p < 0.05), with no significant effect on fatty acids (p > 0.05). The rumen pH of MG significantly decreased (p < 0.05), while the total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs) and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N) increased by 44.63% and 54.50%, respectively. The addition of the SHMS altered both the alpha and beta diversities of the rumen microbiota and significant differences in the composition and structure of the four microbial communities. The dominant bacterial phylum in each group were Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, with Prevotella 1 as the dominant bacterial genus. Correlation analysis revealed that rumen bacteria are closely related to the animal carcass quality and rumen fermentation. In the PICRUSt prediction, 21 significantly different pathways were found, and the correlation network showed a positive correlation between the Prevotella 1 and 7 metabolic pathways, while the C5-branched dibasic acid metabolism was positively correlated with nine bacteria. In summary, feeding goats with an SHMS diet can improve the carcass quality, promote rumen fermentation, and alter the microbial structure. The research results can provide a scientific reference for the utilization of SHMS as feed in the goat industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuiling Qiu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Keyao Li
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
- Laboratory of Animal Nutritional Physiology and Metabolic Process, Key Laboratory of Agro-Ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changsha 410125, China
| | - Xiangbo He
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Mingming Gu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xinghui Jiang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Jianing Lu
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Zhiyi Ma
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Xuewu Liang
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
| | - Qianfu Gan
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (S.Q.); (K.L.); (X.H.); (M.G.); (X.J.); (J.L.); (Z.M.)
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Zhang J, Li F, Na R, Bai X, Ma Y, Yang Y, Ma Y, Wang X. The Effect of Replacing Whole-Plant Corn Silage with Daylily on the Growth Performance, Slaughtering Performance, Muscle Amino Acid Composition, and Blood Composition of Tan Sheep. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3493. [PMID: 38003111 PMCID: PMC10668656 DOI: 10.3390/ani13223493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The shortage of high-quality coarse feed resources is the main factor that restricts the development of animal husbandry in many developing countries. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of replacing corn silage with daylily silage on the growth performance, slaughter performance, blood biochemical indicators, meat quality, and muscle amino acid composition of Tan sheep. A total of 72 healthy Tan sheep were randomly assigned to four groups. In each group, 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% of corn silage were replaced with daylily silage (denoted as CON, HC20, HC40, and HC60, respectively). Tan sheep fed with daylily silage showed no significant adverse effects on their growth performance, meat quality, and muscle amino acid composition (p > 0.05). Some increase was observed in the carcass fat content value (GR-value, p < 0.05), thickness of backfat (p < 0.05), and the blood urea level (p < 0.05). These findings indicate that the utilization of daylily silage instead of whole-plant corn silage has no adverse effects on the growth performance and meat quality of Tan sheep, thus indicating that it can partially replace whole-plant corn feed as a feed resource for Tan sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junli Zhang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Fen Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750002, China; (F.L.); (R.N.); (X.B.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Rina Na
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750002, China; (F.L.); (R.N.); (X.B.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Xue Bai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750002, China; (F.L.); (R.N.); (X.B.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yanfen Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750002, China; (F.L.); (R.N.); (X.B.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Yuwei Yang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yun Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750002, China; (F.L.); (R.N.); (X.B.); (Y.M.); (Y.M.)
| | - Xiuqin Wang
- Institute of Animal Science, Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry, Yinchuan 750002, China; (J.Z.); (Y.Y.)
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Ma J, Liu H, Liu M, Xu J, Lu J, Cao S, Li S, Ma S, Wang Z, Zhu X, Li D, Sun H, Shi Y, Cui Y. Effects of Diets Combining Peanut Vine and Whole-Plant Corn Silage on Growth Performance, Meat Quality and Rumen Microbiota of Simmental Crossbred Cattle. Foods 2023; 12:3786. [PMID: 37893679 PMCID: PMC10606686 DOI: 10.3390/foods12203786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Peanut vine is a typical peanut by-product and can be used as a quality roughage resource. Whole-plant corn silage is a commonly used roughage. However, few studies have investigated the effects of diets combining peanut vine and whole-plant corn silage on growth performance, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, rumen fermentation and microbiota of beef cattle. To investigate these effects, eighty Simmental crossbred cattle (body weight, 451.27 ± 10.38 kg) approximately 14 months old were randomly divided into four treatments for a 90-day feeding experiment. A one-way design method was used in this experiment. According to the roughage composition, the cattle were divided into a control treatment of 45% wheat straw and 55% whole-plant corn silage (WG), and three treatments of 25% peanut vine and 75% whole-plant corn silage (LPG), 45% peanut vine and 55% whole-plant corn silage (MPG), and 65% peanut vine and 35% whole-plant corn silage (HPG), and the concentrate was the same for all four treatment diets. The results showed that compared to the WG group, the MPG group experienced an increase in their average daily feed intake of 14%, an average daily gain of 32%, and an increase in SOD activity in the spleen of 33%; in the meat, dry matter content increased by 11%, crude protein by 9%, and ether extract content by 40%; in the rumen, the NH3-N content was reduced by 36%, the relative abundance of Firmicutes increased, and the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes decreased (p < 0.05). These results showed the composition of 45% peanut vine and 55% whole-plant corn silage in the roughage improved growth performance, antioxidant capacity, meat quality, rumen fermentation, and microbiota of beef cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixiang Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Hua Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Mengqi Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Junying Xu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Jiading Lu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Shixi Cao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Shouren Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
| | - Sen Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Zhichang Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Defeng Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Hao Sun
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yinghua Shi
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Yalei Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China (Y.C.)
- Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou 450002, China
- Henan Forage Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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Ren Y, Zhaxi Y, Ciwang R, Wang Z, Liu M. Responses of rumen microorganisms and metabolites to different roughage of domesticated Tibetan sheep. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1247609. [PMID: 37664115 PMCID: PMC10469951 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1247609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Tibetan sheep can utilize high fiber feeds well. However, the mechanisms of rumen microbiota and metabolites in response to different roughage in a housed environment are still unclear. We fed Tibetan sheep with three different roughage diets: 50% whole corn silage (TS), 50% wheatgrass group (TW), and 25% each of whole corn silage and wheatgrass (TM). Subsequently, meat traits, rumen contents 16S rRNA and metabolomics were studied. The results showed that feeding wheat straw to Tibetan sheep significantly increased the abundance of bacteria such as Ruminococcus and Succiniclasticum in the rumen. These microorganisms significantly increased metabolites such as beta-alanyl-L-lysine, butanoic acid and prostaglandin E2. Eventually, production performance, such as carcass weight and intramuscular fat and meat quality characteristics, such as color and tenderness were improved by altering the rumen's amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This study demonstrated that including 25% wheatgrass and 25% whole corn silage in the diet improved the performance of Tibetan sheep, revealing the effect of the diet on the performance of Tibetan sheep through rumen microorganisms and metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Ren
- Institute of Livestock Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Yangzhong Zhaxi
- Institute of Livestock Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Renzeng Ciwang
- Institute of Livestock Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
| | - Zhengwen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Ecosystem, College of Grassland Science, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Mengjun Liu
- Institute of Livestock Research, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Lhasa, China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lhasa, China
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Lee J, Jo NY, Shim SY, Linh LTY, Kim SR, Lee MG, Hwang SG. Effects of Hanwoo (Korean cattle) manure as organic fertilizer on plant growth, feed quality, and soil bacterial community. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1135947. [PMID: 37025145 PMCID: PMC10070840 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1135947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The development of organic manure from livestock excreta is a useful source for sustainable crop production in environment-friendly agriculture. Organic manure increases soil microbial activity and organic matter (OM) supply. The excessive use of chemical fertilizers (CFs) leads to air and water pollution caused by toxic chemicals and gases, and soil quality degradation via nutrient imbalance due to supplying specific chemical components. Thus, the use of organic manure will serve as a long-term supply of various nutrients in soil via OM decomposition reaction as well as the maintenance of environment. METHODS In this study, we aimed to analyze the diverse effects of Hanwoo manure (HM) on plant growth, feed quality, and soil bacterial communities in comparison with CFs, commercial poultry manure (CM), and the combined use of chemical fertilizer and Hanwoo manure (HM+CF). We analyzed the contents of crude matter (protein, fat, fiber, and ash), P, acid detergent fiber (ADF), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) through feed quality analysis, and the contents or activities of total phenol, total flavonoid, ABTS, nitrite scavenging, and reducing power via the antioxidant assay. Furthermore, the soil microbial communities were determined using 16S rRNA sequencing. We compared the soil bacteria among different soil samples by using amplicon sequence variant (ASV) analysis. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION We observed increased OM in the soil of the HM group compared to that of the CF and non-treated groups over a period of two years. Moreover, HM+CF treatment enormously improved plant growth. Organic manure, especially HM, caused an increase in the content of crude ash and phosphorus in plants. There were no significant differences in total polyphenol, total flavonoid, ABTS, nitrite scavenging, and reducing power in plants between HM and CF groups. Finally, we detected 13 soil bacteria (Acidibacter, Algisphaera, Cystobacter, Microvirga, Ohtaekwangia, Panacagrimonas, Pseudarthrobacter, Reryanella, Rhodoligotrophos, Solirubrobacter, Stenotrophobacter, Tellurimicrobium, and Thermomarinilinea) that were considerably correlated with OM and available phosphorus, and three considerably correlated bacteria were specifically distributed in CF or organic manure. The results suggest that HM is a valuable source of organic manure that can replace CF for sustainable crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkyung Lee
- College of Life and Environment Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Na-Yeon Jo
- College of Life and Environment Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Su-Yeon Shim
- College of Life and Environment Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Tran Yen Linh
- Department of Smart-Farm, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Soo-Ryang Kim
- Department of Earth Environment Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung-Gyu Lee
- Department of Earth Environment Engineering, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
| | - Sun-Goo Hwang
- College of Life and Environment Science, Sangji University, Wonju-si, Republic of Korea
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The Effect of Combining Millet and Corn Straw as Source Forage for Beef Cattle Diets on Ruminal Degradability and Fungal Community. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:ani13040548. [PMID: 36830335 PMCID: PMC9951761 DOI: 10.3390/ani13040548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Three ruminal cannulated Simmental crossbreed bulls (approximately 3 years of age and with 380 ± 20 kg live weight at initiation of the experiment) were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square experiment in order to determine the effects of the treatments on ruminal pH and degradability of nutrients, as well as the rumen fungal community. The experimental periods were 21 d, with 18 d of adjustment to the respective dietary treatments and 3 d of sample collection. Treatments consisted of a basal diet containing a 47.11% composition of two sources of forage as follows: (1) 100% millet straw (MILLSTR), (2) 50:50 millet straw and corn straw (COMB), and (3) 100% corn straw (CORNSTR). Dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and acid detergent fiber (ADF) were tested for ruminal degradability using the nylon bag method, which was incubated for 6, 12, 24, 36, 48, and 72 h, and rumen fungal community in rumen fluid was determined by high-throughput gene sequencing technology. Ruminal pH was not affected by treatments. At 72 h, compared to MILLSTR, DM degradability of CORNSTR was 4.8% greater (p < 0.05), but when corn was combined with millet straw, the difference in DM degradability was 9.4%. During the first 24 h, degradability of CP was lower for CORNSTR, intermediate for MILLSTR, and higher for COMB. However, at 72 h, MILLSTR and COMB had a similar CP degradability value, staying greater than the CP degradability value of the CORNSTR treatment. Compared to MILLSTR, the rumen degradability of NDF was greater for CORNSTR and intermediate for the COMB. There was a greater degradability for ADF in CORNSTR, intermediate for COMB, and lower for MILLSTR. In all treatments, Ascomycota and Basidiomycota were dominant flora. Abundance of Basidiomycota in the group COMB was higher (p < 0.05) than that in the group CORNSTR at 12 h. Relative to the fungal genus level, the Thelebolus, Cladosporium, and Meyerozyma were the dominant fungus, and the abundance of Meyerozyma in COMB and CORNSTR were greater (p < 0.05) than MILLSTR at 12, 24, and 36 h of incubation. In conclusion, it is suggested to feed beef cattle with different proportions of millet straw and corn straw combinations.
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Li WJ, Jiang YW, Cui ZY, Wu QC, Zhang F, Chen HW, Wang YL, Wang WK, Lv LK, Xiong FL, Liu YY, Aisikaer A, Li SL, Bo YK, Yang HJ. Dietary Guanidine Acetic Acid Addition Improved Carcass Quality with Less Back-Fat Thickness and Remarkably Increased Meat Protein Deposition in Rapid-Growing Lambs Fed Different Forage Types. Foods 2023; 12:foods12030641. [PMID: 36766172 PMCID: PMC9914891 DOI: 10.3390/foods12030641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate whether guanidine acetic acid (GAA) yields a response in rapid-growing lambs depending on forage type. In this study, seventy-two small-tailed Han lambs (initial body weights = 12 ± 1.6 kg) were used in a 120-d feeding experiment after a 7-d adaptation period. A 2 × 3 factorial experimental feeding design was applied to the lambs, which were fed a total mixed ration with two forage types (OH: oaten hay; OHWS: oaten hay plus wheat silage) and three forms of additional GAA (GAA: 0 g/kg; UGAA: Uncoated GAA, 1 g/kg; CGAA: Coated GAA, 1 g/kg). The OH diet had a greater dry matter intake, average daily gain, and hot carcass weight than the OHWS diet. The GAA supplementation increased the final body weight, hot carcass weight, dressing percentage, and ribeye area in the longissimus lumborum. Meanwhile, it decreased backfat thickness and serum triglycerides. Dietary GAA decreased the acidity of the meat and elevated the water-holding capacity in mutton. In addition, the crude protein content in mutton increased with GAA addition. Dietary GAA (UGAA or CGAA) might be an effective additive in lamb fed by different forage types, as it has potential to improve growth performance and meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Juan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yao-Wen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhao-Yang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Qi-Chao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - He-Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan-Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Wei-Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Liang-Kang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng-Liang Xiong
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ying-Yi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ailiyasi Aisikaer
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Sheng-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yu-Kun Bo
- Zhangjiakou Animal Husbandry Technology Promotion Institution, Zhangjiakou 075000, China
| | - Hong-Jian Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-139-1188-8062
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Uushona T, Chikwanha OC, Katiyatiya CLF, Strydom PE, Mapiye C. Substitution effects of Acacia mearnsii leaf-meal for Triticum aestivum bran on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and nitrogen retention in lambs. Small Rumin Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.smallrumres.2023.106948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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11
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Lee DY, Lee SY, Yun SH, Jeong JW, Kim JH, Kim HW, Choi JS, Kim GD, Joo ST, Choi I, Hur SJ. Review of the Current Research on Fetal Bovine Serum and the
Development of Cultured Meat. Food Sci Anim Resour 2022; 42:775-799. [PMID: 36133630 PMCID: PMC9478980 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2022.e46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this review is to summarize studies that investigate blood and the
main components of fetal bovine serum (FBS) in vertebrates, including major
livestock, and review the current research on commercializing cultured meat.
Detailed research on FBS is still lacking; however, some studies have shown that
FBS consists of proteins, carbohydrates, growth factors, cytokines, fats,
vitamins, minerals, hormones, non-protein nitrogen, and inorganic compounds.
However, there are few studies on how the composition of FBS differs from blood
or serum composition in adult animals, which is probably one of the main reasons
for not successfully replacing FBS. Moreover, recent studies on the development
of FBS replacers and serum-free media have shown that it is difficult to
conclude whether FBS has been completely replaced or serum-free media have been
developed successfully. Our review of the industrialization of cultured meat
reveals that many basic studies on the development of cultured meat have been
conducted, but it is assumed that the study to reduce or replace ingredients
derived from fetuses such as FBS has not yet been actively developed. Therefore,
developing inexpensive and edible media is necessary for the successful
industrialization of cultured meat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Young Lee
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Seung Yun Lee
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Seung Hyeon Yun
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jae Won Jeong
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jae Hyeon Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Hyun Woo Kim
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
| | - Jung Seok Choi
- Department of Animal Science, Chungbuk
National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Gap-Don Kim
- Graduate School of International
Agricultural Technology, Institutes of Green Bio Science and Technology,
Seoul National University, Pyeongchang 25354, Korea
| | - Seon Tea Joo
- Division of Applied Life Science (BK21
Four), Institute of Agriculture & Life Science, Gyeongsang National
University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Inho Choi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology,
Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 38541, Korea
| | - Sun Jin Hur
- Department of Animal Science and
Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Korea
- Corresponding author: Sun Jin
Hur, Department of Animal Science and Technology, Chung-Ang University, Anseong
17546, Korea, Tel: +82-31-670-4673, Fax: +82-31-670-3108, E-mail:
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12
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Lee SY, Lee DY, Kang JH, Jeong JW, Kim JH, Kim HW, Oh DH, Kim JM, Rhim SJ, Kim GD, Kim HS, Jang YD, Park Y, Hur SJ. Alternative experimental approaches to reduce animal use in biomedical studies. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2022.103131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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