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Qin X, Zhang D, Qiu X, Zhao K, Zhang S, Liu C, Lu L, Cui Y, Shi C, Chen Z, Hao R, Li Y, Yang S, Wang L, Wang H, Cao B, Su H. 2-Hydroxy-4-(Methylthio) Butanoic Acid Isopropyl Ester Supplementation Altered Ruminal and Cecal Bacterial Composition and Improved Growth Performance of Finishing Beef Cattle. Front Nutr 2022; 9:833881. [PMID: 35600827 PMCID: PMC9116427 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.833881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of isopropyl ester of 2-hydroxy-4-(methylthio)-butyrate acid (HMBi) on ruminal and cecal fermentation, microbial composition, nutrient digestibility, plasma biochemical parameters, and growth performance in finishing beef cattle. The experiment was conducted for 120 days by a complete randomized block design. Sixty 24-month-old Angus steers (723.9 ± 11.6 kg) were randomly assigned to one of the flowing three treatments: basal diet (the concentrate: 7.6 kg/head·d-1, the rice straw: ad libitum) supplemented with 0 g/d MetaSmart® (H0), a basal diet supplemented with 15 g/d of MetaSmart® (H15), and a basal diet supplemented with 30 g/d of MetaSmart® (H30). Results showed that the average daily gain (ADG) increased linearly (P = 0.004) and the feed conversion ratio (FCR) decreased linearly (P < 0.01) with the increasing HMBi supplementation. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentration significantly decreased in the H30 group (P < 0.05) compared with H0 or H15. The ruminal pH value tended to increase linearly (P = 0.086) on day 56 with the increased HMBi supplementation. The concentrations of ammonia-nitrogen (NH3-N), propionate, isobutyrate, butyrate, isovalerate, valerate, and total volatile fatty acid (VFA) were linearly decreased in the cecum (P < 0.05). The results of Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt) showed that the abundance of most pathways with a significant difference was higher in the rumen and lower in the cecum in the H30 group compared to the H0 group, and those pathways were mainly related to the metabolism of amino acids, carbohydrates, and lipids. Correlation analysis showed that ADG was positively associated with the ratio of firmicutes/bacteroidetes both in the rumen and cecum. Additionally, the abundance of Lachnospiraceae, Saccharofermentans, Lachnospiraceae_XPB1014_group, and Ruminococcus_1 was positively correlated with ADG and negatively correlated with FCR and BUN in the rumen. In the cecum, ADG was positively correlated with the abundances of Peptostreptococcaceae, Romboutsia, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-013, and Paeniclostridium, and negatively correlated with the abundances of Bacteroidaceae and Bacteroides. Overall, these results indicated that dietary supplementation of HMBi can improve the growth performance and the feed efficiency of finishing beef cattle by potentially changing bacterial community and fermentation patterns of rumen and cecum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoli Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Depeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Xinjun Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Zhao
- Faculty of Engineering and Applied Science, University of Regina, Regina, SK, Canada
| | - Siyu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunlan Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lianqiang Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yafang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Changxiao Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhiming Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rikang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yingqi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shunran Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Lina Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huili Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Binghai Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huawei Su
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Baghbanzadeh-Nobari B, Taghizadeh A, Khorvash M, Parnian-Khajehdizaj F, Maloney SK, Hashemzadeh-Cigari F, Ghaffari AH. Digestibility, ruminal fermentation, blood metabolites and antioxidant status in ewes supplemented with DL-methionine or hydroxy-4 (methylthio) butanoic acid isopropyl ester. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2016; 101:e266-e277. [DOI: 10.1111/jpn.12600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 08/17/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Taghizadeh
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture; University of Tabriz; Tabriz Iran
| | - M. Khorvash
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture; Isfahan University of Technology; Isfahan Iran
| | | | - S. K. Maloney
- Faculty of Life and Physical Sciences; School of Anatomy, Physiology and Human Biology (M311); University of Western Australia; Crawley WA Australia
| | - F. Hashemzadeh-Cigari
- Department of Animal Science; Faculty of Agriculture Science; University of Guilan; Rasht Iran
| | - A. H. Ghaffari
- Department of Animal Science; College of Agriculture; Ferdowsi University of Mashhad; Mashhad Iran
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