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Kamel M, Davidson JL, Schober JM, Fraley GS, Verma MS. A paper-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay for highly pathogenic avian influenza. Sci Rep 2025; 15:12110. [PMID: 40204842 PMCID: PMC11982278 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-025-95452-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/21/2025] [Indexed: 04/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza outbreaks have had significant economic and public health consequences worldwide. Therefore, prompt, reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic devices are crucial for scrutinizing and confining highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Our study introduced and evaluated a novel paper-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test for diagnosing the H5 subtype of the avian influenza virus (AIV). We meticulously designed and screened LAMP primers targeting the H5-haemagglutinin (H5-HA) gene of AIV and fine-tuned the paper-based detection assay for best performance. The paper-based LAMP assay demonstrated a detection limit of 500 copies per reaction (25 copies/µl). Additionally, the assay exhibited no cross-reactivity with common bovine and avian pathogens, confirming its specificity. Spiking experiments revealed that the assay could accurately detect 1000 copies of synthetic HPAIV RNA (per reaction) when spiked into oropharyngeal swab samples, achieving 100% analytical sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy. This inexpensive, user-friendly point-of-need diagnostic tool holds great promise, especially in resource-limited settings. It only requires a water bath for incubation and enables visual detection of results without special equipment. Overall, the paper-based LAMP assay provides a promising method for rapidly and reliably detecting the H5 subtype of AIV, contributing to improved surveillance and early intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Kamel
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
- Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, 12211, Egypt
| | - Josiah Levi Davidson
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Jenna M Schober
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2050, USA
| | - Gregory S Fraley
- Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907-2050, USA
| | - Mohit S Verma
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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2
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Raza MA, Ashraf MA, Amjad MN, Din GU, Shen B, Hu Y. The peculiar characteristics and advancement in diagnostic methodologies of influenza A virus. Front Microbiol 2025; 15:1435384. [PMID: 39839109 PMCID: PMC11747045 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2024.1435384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 12/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2025] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is a significant public health concern, causing seasonal outbreaks and occasional pandemics. These outbreaks result from changes in the virus's surface proteins which include hemagglutinin and neuraminidase. Influenza A virus has a vast reservoir, including wild birds, pigs, horses, domestic and marine animals. It has over 130 subtypes based on differences in hemagglutinin and neuraminidase protein. IAV affects all age groups but impacts young children more especially during the colder season. Despite the development of vaccines and antiviral drugs, IAV is still a major cause of respiratory illnesses and deaths. Surveillance of IAV is crucial to detect new strains and assess vaccine effectiveness. Detection of IAV relies on methods like hemagglutination assay, PCR, cell culturing, and immunochromatography-based tests. Precise and early detection of IAV strain is crucial for quick treatment using antiviral drugs and unraveling epidemiological patterns to curb epidemics and pandemics on time. Advancements in diagnostic methodologies have enabled us to detect the IAV at early stages by overcoming the limitations of previously used diagnostic tests, further preparing us to combat future epidemics more effectively. This review article discusses the traditional and advanced diagnosis methods for detecting IAV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Asif Raza
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Awais Ashraf
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Muhammad Nabeel Amjad
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ghayyas Ud Din
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Bei Shen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihong Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Immunology, Institutional Center for Shared Technologies and Facilities, Pathogen Discovery and Big Data Platform, Shanghai Institute of Immunity and Infection, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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3
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Zhang Y, Zhang C, Li J, Yang Y, Chen L, Wang H, Yang Z, Zhang M, Cui H, Dong S. Establishment of a Real-Time Fluorescence Isothermal Recombinase-Aided Amplification Method for the Detection of H9 Avian Influenza Virus. Vet Sci 2024; 11:411. [PMID: 39330790 PMCID: PMC11436240 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11090411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2024] [Revised: 08/12/2024] [Accepted: 08/16/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The H9 subtype of avian influenza virus (AIV) has been characterized by its rapid spread, wide range of prevalence, and continuous evolution in recent years, leading to an increasing ability for cross-species transmission. This not only severely impacts the economic benefits of the aquaculture industry, but also poses a significant threat to human health. Therefore, developing a rapid and sensitive detection method is crucial for the timely diagnosis and prevention of H9 AIVs. In this study, a real-time fluorescent reverse transcription recombinase-aided isothermal amplification (RT-RAA) technique targeting the hemagglutinin (HA) of H9 AIVs was established. This technique can be used for detection in just 30 min at a constant temperature of 42 °C, and it exhibits good specificity without cross-reactivity with other viruses. Sensitivity tests revealed that the detection limit of RT-RAA was 163 copies per reaction, and the visual detection limit was 1759 copies per reaction at a 95% confidence interval, both of which are capable of detecting low concentrations of standards. Furthermore, RT-RAA was applied to detect 155 clinical samples, and compared to real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR), RT-RAA demonstrated high accuracy, with a specificity of 100% and a kappa value of 0.96, indicating good correlation. Additionally, with the assistance of a portable blue imaging device, we can visually observe the amplification products, greatly facilitating rapid detection in resource-limited environments. The RT-RAA detection method developed in this study does not require expensive equipment or highly skilled staff, making it beneficial for the accurate and low-cost detection of H9 AIVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxin Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Jiaqi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Yejin Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Ligong Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Heng Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Zitong Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Mingda Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Huan Cui
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
| | - Shishan Dong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071000, China
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4
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Kamel M, Davidson JL, Verma MS. A Paper-based Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) Assay for Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.08.12.607641. [PMID: 39211221 PMCID: PMC11361134 DOI: 10.1101/2024.08.12.607641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Avian influenza outbreaks have had significant economic and public health consequences worldwide. Therefore, prompt, reliable, and cost-effective diagnostic devices are crucial for scrutinizing and confining highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs). Our study introduced and evaluated a novel paper-based loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) test for diagnosing the H5 subtype of the avian influenza virus (AIV). We meticulously designed and screened LAMP primers targeting the H5-haemagglutinin (H5-HA) gene of AIV and fine-tuned the paper-based detection assay for best performance. The paper-based LAMP assay demonstrated a detection limit of 500 copies per reaction (25 copies/µL). This inexpensive, user-friendly point-of-need diagnostic tool holds great promise, especially in resource-limited settings. It only requires a water bath for incubation and enables visual detection of results without special equipment. Overall, the paper-based LAMP assay provides a promising method for rapidly and reliably detecting the H5 subtype of AIV, contributing to improved surveillance and early intervention strategies.
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Fan Q, Xie Z, Zhao J, Hua J, Wei Y, Li X, Li D, Luo S, Li M, Xie L, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Wang S, Ren H, Wan L. Simultaneous differential detection of H5, H7 and H9 subtypes of avian influenza viruses by a triplex fluorescence loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1419312. [PMID: 39015104 PMCID: PMC11250583 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1419312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024] Open
Abstract
H5, H7, and H9 are pivotal avian influenza virus (AIV) subtypes that cause substantial economic losses and pose potential threats to public health worldwide. In this study, a novel triplex fluorescence reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (TLAMP) assay was developed in which traditional LAMP techniques were combined with probes for detection. Through this innovative approach, H5, H7, and H9 subtypes of AIV can be simultaneously identified and differentiated, thereby offering crucial technical support for prevention and control efforts. Three primer sets and composite probes were designed based on conserved regions of the haemagglutinin gene for each subtype. The probes were labelled with distinct fluorophores at their 3' ends, which were detached to release the fluorescence signal during the amplification process. The detection results were interpreted based on the colour of the TLAMP products. Then, the reaction conditions were optimized, and three primer sets and probes were combined in the same reaction system, resulting in a TLAMP detection assay for the differential diagnosis of AIV subtypes. Sensitivity testing with in vitro-transcribed RNA revealed that the detection limit of the TLAMP assay was 205 copies per reaction for H5, 360 copies for H7, and 545 copies for H9. The TLAMP assay demonstrated excellent specificity, no cross-reactivity with related avian viruses, and 100% consistency with a previously published quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) assay. Therefore, due to its simplicity, rapidity, sensitivity, and specificity, this TLAMP assay is suitable for epidemiological investigations and is a valuable tool for detecting and distinguishing H5, H7, and H9 subtypes of AIV in clinical samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhixun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEAN Cross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
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Wang Q, Wu S, Shuai J, Li Y, Fu X, Zhang M, Yu X, Ye Z, Ma B. Dual Gene Detection of H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus Based on Dual RT-RPA. Molecules 2024; 29:2801. [PMID: 38930866 PMCID: PMC11206350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29122801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The H5N1 avian influenza virus seriously affects the health of poultry and humans. Once infected, the mortality rate is very high. Therefore, accurate and timely detection of the H5N1 avian influenza virus is beneficial for controlling its spread. This article establishes a dual gene detection method based on dual RPA for simultaneously detecting the HA and M2 genes of H5N1 avian influenza virus, for the detection of H5N1 avian influenza virus. Design specific primers for the conserved regions of the HA and M2 genes. The sensitivity of the dual RT-RPA detection method for HA and M2 genes is 1 × 10-7 ng/μL. The optimal primer ratio is 1:1, the optimal reaction temperature is 40 °C, and the optimal reaction time is 20 min. Dual RT-RPA was used to detect 72 samples, and compared with RT-qPCR detection, the Kappa value was 1 (p value < 0.05), and the clinical sample detection sensitivity and specificity were both 100%. The dual RT-RPA method is used for the first time to simultaneously detect two genes of the H5N1 avian influenza virus. As an accurate and convenient diagnostic tool, it can be used to diagnose the H5N1 avian influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Wang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
| | - Shiwen Wu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
| | - Jiangbing Shuai
- Zhejiang Institute of Inspection and Quarantine Science and Technology, Hangzhou 311241, China;
| | - Ye Li
- Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou 310023, China;
| | - Xianshu Fu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
| | - Mingzhou Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
| | - Xiaoping Yu
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
| | - Zihong Ye
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
| | - Biao Ma
- College of Life Sciences, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China; (Q.W.); (S.W.); (M.Z.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.); (B.M.)
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7
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Filaire F, Sécula A, Lebre L, Croville G, Guerin JL. A real-time colourimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the rapid detection of highly pathogenic H5 clade 2.3.4.4b avian influenza viruses. Avian Pathol 2024; 53:93-100. [PMID: 37885409 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2023.2276849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIV) are a major threat to the global poultry industry and public health due to their zoonotic potential. Since 2016, Europe and France have faced major epizootics caused by clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAIV. To reduce sample-to-result times, point-of-care testing is urgently needed to help prevent further outbreaks and the propagation of the virus. This study presents the design of a novel real-time colourimetric reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay for the detection of clade 2.3.4.4b H5 HPAIV. A clinical validation of this RT-LAMP assay was performed on 198 pools of clinical swabs sampled in 52 poultry flocks during the H5 HPAI 2020-2022 epizootics in France. This RT-LAMP assay allowed the specific detection of HPAIV H5Nx clade 2.3.4.4b within 30 min with a sensitivity of 86.11%. This rapid, easy-to-perform, inexpensive, molecular detection assay could be included in the HPAIV surveillance toolbox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabien Filaire
- UMR IHAP, ENVT, INRAE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
- THESEO France, LanXess Biosecurity, LanXess Group, Laval, France
| | - Aurélie Sécula
- UMR IHAP, ENVT, INRAE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Laetitia Lebre
- UMR IHAP, ENVT, INRAE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Jean-Luc Guerin
- UMR IHAP, ENVT, INRAE, Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Luo S, Xie Z, Li M, Li D, Zhang M, Ruan Z, Xie L, Wang S, Fan Q, Zhang Y, Huang J, Zeng T. Simultaneous Differential Detection of H5, H7, H9 and Nine NA Subtypes of Avian Influenza Viruses via a GeXP Assay. Microorganisms 2024; 12:143. [PMID: 38257970 PMCID: PMC10819249 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12010143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
H5, H7 and H9 are the most important subtypes of avian influenza viruses (AIVs), and nine neuraminidase (NA) subtypes (N1-N9) of AIVs have been identified in poultry. A method that can simultaneously detect H5, H7, H9 and the nine NA subtypes of AIVs would save time and effort. In this study, 13 pairs of primers, including 12 pairs of subtype-specific primers for detecting particular subtypes (H5, H7, H9 and N1-N9) and one pair of universal primers for detecting all subtypes of AIVs, were designed and screened. The 13 pairs of primers were mixed in the same reaction, and the 13 target genes were simultaneously detected. A GeXP assay using all 13 pairs of primers to simultaneously detect H5, H7, H9 and the nine NA subtypes of AIVs was developed. The GeXP assay showed specific binding to the corresponding target genes for singlet and multiplex templates, and no cross-reactivity was observed between AIV subtypes and other related avian pathogens. Detection was observed even when only 102 copies of the 13 target genes were present. This study provides a high-throughput, rapid and labor-saving GeXP assay for the simultaneous rapid identification of three HA subtypes (H5, H7 and N9) and nine NA subtypes (N1-N9) of AIVs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhixun Xie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Key Laboratory of China (Guangxi)-ASEANCross-Border Animal Disease Prevention and Control, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning 530001, China; (S.L.); (M.L.); (D.L.); (M.Z.); (Z.R.); (L.X.); (S.W.); (Q.F.); (Y.Z.); (J.H.); (T.Z.)
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9
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Li Y, Shang J, Wang Y, Luo J, Jiang W, Yin X, Zhang F, Deng C, Yu X, Liu H. Establishment of two assays based on reverse transcription recombinase-aided amplification technology for rapid detection of H5 subtype avian influenza virus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0218623. [PMID: 37811963 PMCID: PMC10715165 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02186-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Avian influenza virus (AIV) subtype H5 is a highly contagious zoonotic disease and a serious threat to the farming industry and public health. Traditional detection methods, including virus isolation and real-time PCR, require tertiary biological laboratories and are time-consuming and complex to perform, making it difficult to rapidly diagnose H5 subtype avian influenza viruses. In this study, we successfully developed two methods, namely, RF-RT-RAA and RT-RAA-LFD, for rapid detection of H5-AIV. The assays are characterized by their high specificity, sensitivity, and user-friendliness. Moreover, the results of the reaction can be visually assessed, which are suitable for both laboratory testing and grassroots farm screening for H5-AIV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Li
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Jiajing Shang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Yixin Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shandong Agricultural University, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Luo
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Wenming Jiang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Xin Yin
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Fuyou Zhang
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - Chunran Deng
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
- School of Life Science and Food Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
| | - HuaLei Liu
- China Animal Health and Epidemiology Center, Qingdao, China
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Fu X, Wang Q, Ma B, Zhang B, Sun K, Yu X, Ye Z, Zhang M. Advances in Detection Techniques for the H5N1 Avian Influenza Virus. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17157. [PMID: 38138987 PMCID: PMC10743243 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242417157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Avian influenza is caused by avian influenza virus infection; the H5N1 avian influenza virus is a highly pathogenic subtype, affecting poultry and human health. Since the discovery of the highly pathogenic subtype of the H5N1 avian influenza virus, it has caused enormous losses to the poultry farming industry. It was recently found that the H5N1 avian influenza virus tends to spread among mammals. Therefore, early rapid detection methods are highly significant for effectively preventing the spread of H5N1. This paper discusses the detection technologies used in the detection of the H5N1 avian influenza virus, including serological detection technology, immunological detection technology, molecular biology detection technology, genetic detection technology, and biosensors. Comparisons of these detection technologies were analyzed, aiming to provide some recommendations for the detection of the H5N1 avian influenza virus.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Mingzhou Zhang
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Biometrology and Inspection & Quarantine, College of Life Science, China Jiliang University, 258 Xueyuan Street, Xiasha Higher Education Zone, Hangzhou 310018, China; (X.F.); (Q.W.); (B.M.); (B.Z.); (K.S.); (X.Y.); (Z.Y.)
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11
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Kang JS, Seo MR, Chung YJ. Development of reverse-transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification assays for point-of-care testing of human influenza virus subtypes H1N1 and H3N2. Genomics Inform 2022; 20:e46. [PMID: 36617653 PMCID: PMC9847375 DOI: 10.5808/gi.22057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Influenza A virus (IAV) is the most widespread pathogen causing human respiratory infections. Although polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based methods are currently the mostcommonly used tools for IAV detection, PCR is not ideal for point-of-care testing. In thisstudy, we aimed to develop a more rapid and sensitive method than PCR-based tools todetect IAV using loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) technology. We designedreverse-transcriptional (RT)-LAMP primers targeting the hemagglutinin gene. RNAs fromreference H1N1 and H3N2 showed specific RT-LAMP signals with the designed primers.We optimized the reaction conditions and developed universal reaction conditions for bothLAMP assays. Under these conditions, the detection limit was 50 copies for both RT-LAMPassays. There was no non-specific signal to 19 non-IAV respiratory viruses, such as influenza B virus, coronaviruses, and respiratory syncytial viruses. Regarding the reaction time, apositive signal was detected within 25 min after starting the reaction. In conclusion, ourRT-LAMP assay has high sensitivity and specificity for the detection of the H1 and H3 subtypes, making it suitable for point-of-care IAV testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Soo Kang
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | | | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Department of Biomedicine and Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
- Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea
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12
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Seo MR, Kim HS, Lee YB, Shin S, Chung YJ. Rapid and specific detection of Trichophyton rubrum and Trichophyton mentagrophytes using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. MethodsX 2022; 9:101891. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mex.2022.101891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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13
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Chu J, Shin J, Kang S, Shin S, Chung YJ. Rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella species targeting the hilA gene using a loop-mediated isothermal amplification assay. Genomics Inform 2021; 19:e30. [PMID: 34638177 PMCID: PMC8510866 DOI: 10.5808/gi.21048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Salmonella species are among the major pathogens that cause foodborne illness outbreaks. In this study, we aimed to develop a loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) assay for the rapid and sensitive detection of Salmonella species. We designed LAMP primers targeting the hilA gene as a universal marker of Salmonella species. A total of seven Salmonella species strains and 11 non-Salmonella pathogen strains from eight different genera were used in this study. All Salmonella strains showed positive amplification signals with the Salmonella LAMP assay; however, there was no non-specific amplification signal for the non-Salmonella strains. The detection limit was 100 femtograms (20 copies per reaction), which was ~1,000 times more sensitive than the detection limits of the conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay (100 pg). The reaction time for a positive amplification signal was less than 20 minutes, which was less than one-third the time taken while using conventional PCR. In conclusion, our Salmonella LAMP assay accurately detected Salmonella species with a higher degree of sensitivity and greater rapidity than the conventional PCR assay, and it may be suitable for point-of-care testing in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiyon Chu
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | | | - Shinseok Kang
- Chungbuk Veterinary Services Laboratory, Chungju 27336, Korea
| | - Sun Shin
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul 06591, Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Department of Biomedicine & Health Sciences, Graduate School, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Korea.,Integrated Research Center for Genome Polymorphism, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, College of Medicine, Seoul 06591, Korea
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