Red cell distribution width is correlated with extensive coronary artery disease in patients with diabetes mellitus

Prognostic value of red blood cell distribution width-to-albumin ratio in ICU patients with coronary heart disease and diabetes mellitus

BACKGROUND

The red blood cell distribution width (RDW)-to-albumin ratio (RAR) has emerged as a potentially valuable prognostic indicator in diverse medical conditions. However, the prognostic significance of RAR in intensive care unit (ICU) patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes mellitus (DM) remains uncertain and requires further investigation.

METHODS

This study aims to investigate the prognostic significance of RAR in ICU patients with coexisting CHD and DM through a retrospective cohort analysis using data from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care IV (MIMIC-IV) database (version 2.2). The study population included patients aged 18 years or older who were diagnosed with both CHD and DM. The primary endpoint was 1-year mortality, and the secondary endpoints included 30-day mortality, 90-day mortality, hospital length of stay (LOS), and ICU LOS.

RESULTS

A total of 3416 patients, of whom 64.64% were male, were included in the study. The 30-day mortality, 90-day mortality, and 1-year mortality were 7.08%, 7.44%, and 7.49%, respectively. After adjusting for confounding factors, multivariate Cox proportional risk analysis demonstrated that high RAR levels were associated with an increased risk of 30-day mortality (HR, 1.53 [95% CI 1.17-2.07], P = 0.006), 90-day mortality (HR, 1.58 [95% CI 1.17-2.13], P = 0.003), and 1-year mortality (HR, 1.58 [95% CI 1.17-2.13], P = 0.003). Furthermore, the restricted cubic spline (RCS) model indicated a linear relationship between RAR and 1-year mortality.

CONCLUSION

The results suggest that RAR holds potential as a valuable prognostic biomarker in ICU patients with both CHD and DM. Elevated RAR levels were found to be significantly associated with increased mortality during hospitalization, facilitating the identification of individuals at higher risk of adverse outcomes. These findings underscore the importance of incorporating RAR into risk stratification and overall management strategies for ICU patients with coexisting CHD and DM.

Red blood cell distribution width and coronary artery disease severity in diabetic patients

Aim: The purpose of the study is to evaluate the relationship between red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and coronary calcium score in diabetic patients. Methods: Hematological parameters of 100 diabetic (Type II) patients were assessed. Computed tomographic angiography was used to asses coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. Results: Mean age of the study cohort was 55 years (males: 60%). Mean RDW was 12.7%. Mean CAC score was 243. There was a significant correlation between RDW and each of: CAC scores (r = 0.53; p < 0.001) and severity of coronary artery disease (CAD; r = 0.25; p = 0.047). A cut-off value >14.2% (receiver operating characteristic curves) predicted CAC score >400. A cut-off value >-14.6% predicted the presence of significant CAD. Conclusion: Diabetic patients with high-CAC scores and significant CAD had higher RDW.