Functional Quails Eggs using Enriched Spirulina during the Biosorption Process

Effects of the Dietary Blue-Green Algae (Spirulina platensis) Supplementation and Egg Storage Period on Egg Quality Traits, Blastoderm Characteristics and Hatching Results of Mast Geese (Anser anser)

This study aimed to determine the effects of the dietary Spirulina platensis supplementation and egg storage period on egg quality traits, blastoderm characteristics and hatching results of Mast geese. For this purpose, the control group was fed the standard enterprise diet, while the experimental group received the same diet supplemented with 0.5% S. platensis. Quality traits of the eggs (shape index, shell thickness, breaking strength, albumen/yolk ratio, albumen index and yolk colour) were evaluated according to diet groups. Except for the yolk ratio of these traits, the mean values obtained from the experimental group were higher than the mean values obtained from the control group (p < 0.05; p < 0.001). Dietary supplementation of S. platensis did not affect blastoderm diameter (BD) but significantly increased the blastoderm viable cells (BVCs) (p < 0.001). Although early embryonic mortality (EEM) was statistically significantly affected by diet groups and storage time, late embryonic mortality (LEM) was affected only by diet groups (p < 0.001). Dietary S. platensis supplementation significantly increased pipped (PIP) classified under the LEM (p < 0.001). Storage period affected internal and external egg traits at different statistical significance levels. As the storage time increased, the breaking strength (p < 0.05), albumen ratio, albumen index, yolk index, Haugh unit decreased (p < 0.01; p < 0.001), while the yolk ratio, and albumen pH increased (p < 0.001). An increase in BD, and a decrease in BVCs were determined with prolonged storage period (p < 0.001). In the classification of LEM, the storage period significantly affected unabsorbed yolk sac (UYS) and the PIP. With prolonged storage time, UYS and PIP significantly increased (p < 0.05; p < 0.01), which is classified under LEM. According to these results, we suggest that S. platensis supplementation to goose diets would be beneficial, but the detailed further studies are needed for more effective results.

Study on the current research trends and future agenda in animal products: an Asian perspective

This study aimed to analyze the leading research materials and research trends related to livestock food in Asia in recent years and propose future research agendas to ultimately contribute to the development of related livestock species. On analyzing more than 200 relevant articles, a high frequency of studies on livestock species and products with large breeding scales and vast markets was observed. Asia possesses the largest pig population and most extensive pork market, followed by that of beef, chicken, and milk; moreover, blood and egg markets have also been studied. Regarding research keywords, "meat quality" and "probiotics" were the most common, followed by "antioxidants", which have been extensively studied in the past, and "cultured meat", which has recently gained traction. The future research agenda for meat products is expected to be dominated by alternative livestock products, such as cultured and plant-derived meats; improved meat product functionality and safety; the environmental impacts of livestock farming; and animal welfare research. The future research agenda for dairy products is anticipated to include animal welfare, dairy production, probiotic-based development of high-quality functional dairy products, the development of alternative dairy products, and the advancement of lactose-free or personalized dairy products. However, determining the extent to which the various research articles' findings have been applied in real-world industry proved challenging, and research related to animal food laws and policies and consumer surveys was lacking. In addition, studies on alternatives for sustainable livestock development could not be identified. Therefore, future research may augment industrial application, and multidisciplinary research related to animal food laws and policies as well as eco-friendly livestock production should be strengthened.

Effect of adding and in ovo injecting hatching eggs produced with omega-3 on some hatching traits and body weight of Japanese quail

This study was conducted at a private hatchery in Thi-Qar Governorate to determine the effect of adding omega-3 fatty acid to quail's diet with the outcome of ovo injecting the resulting hatching eggs with omega-3 on some hatching traits and body weight of Japanese quail. A total of 540 eggs were used. The experiment treatments were as follows: T1: Negative control (without adding oil); T2: Positive control (adding 0.01% sunflower oil); T3: Feed the parent with 0.01% omega-3 oil; T4: Feed the parent with 0.01% omega-3 oil, and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with 0.01 ml omega-3; T5: Feed the parent by 0.01% omega-3 oil, and the resultant eggs were in ovo injected with 0.01 ml sunflower; T6: Feed the parent by 0.01% sunflower oil, and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with 0.01 ml sunflower; T7: Feed the parent by 0.01% sunflower oil, and the resultant eggs were in ovo injected with 0.01 ml omega-3; T8: Feed the parent by free diet, and the resulting eggs were in ovo injected with 0.01 ml omega-3; T9: Feed the parent by free diet, and the resultant eggs were in ovo injected with 0.01 ml sunflower. The results showed a significant improvement in T4 (the treatment whose parents were fed omega-3 and in ovo injected with omega-3 oil) compared to the control treatment on hatching rate and fertility rate of whole eggs, with a significant decrease in the percentage of embryonic mortality and pipped eggs for the hatched chicks. Feeding Japanese quail mothers with omega-3 hatching egg injections led to a substantial increase in the average weekly body weight. Keywords: in ovo injecting, hatching eggs, with omega-3, hatching traits, body weight, Japanese quail.