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Almeida GDO, Aidar FJ, de Matos DG, de Almeida-Neto PF, de Melo EV, Barreto Filho JAS, Almeida-Santos MA, Oliveira VB, de Almeida RR, dos Santos SM, Costa Pereira LM, Barbosa JS, Sobral Sousa AC. Non-Targeted Self-Measurement of Blood Pressure: Association with Self-Medication, Unscheduled Emergency Visits and Anxiety. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 57:medicina57010075. [PMID: 33477378 PMCID: PMC7830661 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57010075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Revised: 01/11/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objective: The routine practice of self-medication of blood pressure (BP) not oriented with pulse devices may not be precisely useful in the control of BP and can lead the patient to self-medicate in error. Thus, we need to evaluate the non-oriented self-assessment of BP in real-life circumstances in hypertensive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate in hypertensive patients the association of BP self-measurement with its control, as well as the presence of anxiety disorders, the occurrence of unscheduled visits to the emergency room, and self-medication. Materials and Methods: An observational study was carried out with 1000 hypertensive volunteers (age: 61.0 ± 12.5). Using a questionnaire, sociodemographic and clinical data on BP control were collected. Anxiety was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). Results: The group that performed non-oriented self-measurement of BP, showed that they had higher frequencies of self-medication (57.9%, p < 0.05) and more unscheduled visits to the emergency room (68%, p < 0.05). In addition, a lower level of BP control (46.8%, p < 0.05) was associated with higher levels of anxiety (52.3%, p < 0.05) in the group that performed non-oriented self-measurements of BP. Conclusion: The practice of non-oriented self-assessment of BP was associated with negative factors such as high levels of anxiety and higher frequencies of self-medication and unscheduled emergency visits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glessiane de Oliveira Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Felipe J. Aidar
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (D.G.d.M.)
- Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
- Program of Physical Education, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
- Program of Physiological Science, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Dihogo Gama de Matos
- Group of Studies and Research of Performance, Sport, Health and Paralympic Sports (GEPEPS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (F.J.A.); (D.G.d.M.)
| | - Paulo Francisco de Almeida-Neto
- Health Sciences Center, Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal UFRN 59064-741, Brazil;
| | - Enaldo Vieira de Melo
- Department of Medicine, UFS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (E.V.d.M); (M.A.A.-S.)
| | - José Augusto Soares Barreto Filho
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
- Department of Medicine, UFS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (E.V.d.M); (M.A.A.-S.)
- Teaching and Research Center of São Lucas Hospital/Rede D’Or—São Luiz de Aracaju, Sergipe 49015-400, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Almeida-Santos
- Department of Medicine, UFS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (E.V.d.M); (M.A.A.-S.)
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
| | - Victor Batista Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
- Department of Medicine, UFS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (E.V.d.M); (M.A.A.-S.)
| | - Rebeca Rocha de Almeida
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Suelen Maiara dos Santos
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Larissa Monteiro Costa Pereira
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Juliana Santos Barbosa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
| | - Antônio Carlos Sobral Sousa
- Postgraduate Program in Health Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (J.A.S.B.F.); (V.B.O.); (R.R.d.A.); (S.M.d.S.); (L.M.C.P.); (J.S.B.); (A.C.S.S.)
- Department of Medicine, UFS), Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil; (E.V.d.M); (M.A.A.-S.)
- Teaching and Research Center of São Lucas Hospital/Rede D’Or—São Luiz de Aracaju, Sergipe 49015-400, Brazil
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospital of Federal University of Sergipe, UFS, Sergipe 49100-000, Brazil
- Postgraduate Program in Health and Environment, Tiradentes University, UNIT, Aracaju, Sergipe 49032-490, Brazil
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dos Santos RZ, Bonin CDB, Martins ETC, Pereira Junior M, Ghisi GLDM, de Macedo KRP, Benetti M. Development and Psychometric Validation of HIPER-Q to Assess Knowledge of Hypertensive Patients in Cardiac Rehabilitation. Arq Bras Cardiol 2018; 110:60-67. [PMID: 29412242 PMCID: PMC5831303 DOI: 10.5935/abc.20170183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The absence of instruments capable of measuring the level of knowledge of hypertensive patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs about their disease reflects the lack of specific recommendations for these patients. OBJECTIVE To develop and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the knowledge of hypertensive patients in cardiac rehabilitation programs about their disease. METHODS A total of 184 hypertensive patients (mean age 60.5 ± 10 years, 66.8% men) were evaluated. Reproducibility was assessed by calculation of the intraclass correlation coefficient using the test-retest method. Internal consistency was assessed by the Cronbach's alpha and the construct validity by the exploratory factorial analysis. RESULTS The final version of the instrument had 17 questions organized in areas considered important for patient education. The instrument proposed showed a clarity index of 8.7 (0.25). The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.804 and the Cronbach's correlation coefficient was 0.648. Factor analysis revealed five factors associated with knowledge areas. Regarding the criterion validity, patients with higher education level and higher family income showed greater knowledge about hypertension. CONCLUSION The instrument has a satisfactory clarity index and adequate validity, and can be used to evaluate the knowledge of hypertensive participants in cardiac rehabilitation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eliara Ten Caten Martins
- Centro da Ciência da Saúde e do Esporte -
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
| | - Moacir Pereira Junior
- Centro da Ciência da Saúde e do Esporte -
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
| | | | | | - Magnus Benetti
- Centro da Ciência da Saúde e do Esporte -
Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Florianópolis, SC - Brazil
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