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Liu S, Liu X, Lin X, Chen H. Zinc Finger Proteins in the War on Gastric Cancer: Molecular Mechanism and Clinical Potential. Cells 2023; 12:cells12091314. [PMID: 37174714 PMCID: PMC10177130 DOI: 10.3390/cells12091314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
According to the 2020 global cancer data released by the World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) International, gastric cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide, with yearly increasing incidence and the second-highest fatality rate in malignancies. Despite the contemporary ambiguous molecular mechanisms in GC pathogenesis, numerous in-depth studies have demonstrated that zinc finger proteins (ZFPs) are essential for the development and progression of GC. ZFPs are a class of transcription factors with finger-like domains that bind to Zn2+ extensively and participate in gene replication, cell differentiation and tumor development. In this review, we briefly outline the roles, molecular mechanisms and the latest advances in ZFPs in GC, including eight principal aspects, such as cell proliferation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), invasion and metastasis, inflammation and immune infiltration, apoptosis, cell cycle, DNA methylation, cancer stem cells (CSCs) and drug resistance. Intriguingly, the myeloid zinc finger 1 (MZF1) possesses reversely dual roles in GC by promoting tumor proliferation or impeding cancer progression via apoptosis. Therefore, a thorough understanding of the molecular mechanism of ZFPs on GC progression will pave the solid way for screening the potentially effective diagnostic indicators, prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets of GC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xingzhu Liu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Xin Lin
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Medical Department, Queen Mary School, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Hongping Chen
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
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Elzahabi HSA, Nossier ES, Alasfoury RA, El-Manawaty M, Sayed SM, Elkaeed EB, Metwaly AM, Hagras M, Eissa IH. Design, synthesis, and anti-cancer evaluation of new pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives as potential EGFRWT and EGFRT790M inhibitors and apoptosis inducers. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2022; 37:1053-1076. [PMID: 35821615 PMCID: PMC9291687 DOI: 10.1080/14756366.2022.2062752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
A new series of pyrido[2,3-d]pyrimidin-4(3H)-one derivatives having the essential pharmacophoric features of EGFR inhibitors has been designed and synthesised. Cell viability screening was performed for these compounds against A-549, PC-3, HCT-116, and MCF-7 cell lines at a dose of 100 μM. The highest active derivatives (8a, 8 b, 8d, 9a, and 12b) were selected for IC50 screening. Compounds 8a, 8 b, and 9a showed the highest cytotoxic activities and were further investigated for wild EGFRWT and mutant EGFRT790M inhibitory activities. Compound 8a showed the highest inhibitory activities against EGFRWT and EGFRT790M with IC50 values of 0.099 and 0.123 µM, respectively. In addition, it arrested the cell cycle at pre-G1 phase and induced a significant apoptotic effect in PC-3 cells. Furthermore, compound 8a induced a 5.3-fold increase in the level of caspase-3 in PC-3 cells. Finally, docking studies were carried out to examine the binding mode of the synthesised compounds against both EGFRWT and EGFRT790M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba S A Elzahabi
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eman S Nossier
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rania A Alasfoury
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - May El-Manawaty
- Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sara M Sayed
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Eslam B Elkaeed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, AlMaarefa University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Metwaly
- Pharmacognosy and Medicinal Plants Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.,Biopharmaceutical Products Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
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Kumar S U, Balasundaram A, Cathryn R H, Varghese RP, R S, R G, Younes S, Zayed H, Doss C GP. Whole-exome sequencing analysis of NSCLC reveals the pathogenic missense variants from cancer-associated genes. Comput Biol Med 2022; 148:105701. [PMID: 35753820 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2022.105701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the most common type of lung cancer. NSCLC accounts for 84% of all lung cancer cases. In recent years, advances in pathway understanding, methods for discovering novel genetic biomarkers, and new drugs designed to inhibit the signaling cascades have enabled clinicians to personalize therapy for NSCLC. OBJECTIVES The primary aim of this study is to identify the genes associated with NSCLC that harbor pathogenic variants that could be causative for NSCLC. The second aim is to investigate their roles in different pathways that lead to NSCLC. METHODS We examined exome-sequencing datasets from 54 NSCLC patients to characterize the variants associated with NSCLC. RESULTS Our findings revealed that 17 variants in 14 genes were considered highly pathogenic, including CDKN2A, ERBB2, FOXP1, IDH1, JAK3, KMT2D, K-Ras, MSH3, MSH6, POLE, RNF43, TCF7L2, TP53, and TSC1. Gene set enrichment analysis revealed the involvement of transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activity, protein binding, ATP binding, phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase, and Ras guanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity. Pathway analysis of these genes yielded different cancer-related pathways, including colorectal, prostate, endometrial, pancreatic, PI3K-Akt signaling pathways, and signaling pathways regulating pluripotency of stem cells. Module 1 from protein-protein interactions (PPIs) identified genes that harbor pathogenic SNPs. Three of the most deleterious SNPs are ERBB2 (rs1196929947), K-Ras (rs121913529), and POLE (rs751425952). Interestingly, one patient has a pathogenic K-Ras variant (rs121913529) co-occurred with the missense variant (rs752054698) inTSC1 gene. CONCLUSION This study maps highly pathogenic variants associated with NSCLC and investigates their contributions to the pathogenesis of NSCLC. This study sheds light on the potential applications of precision medicine in patients with NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udhaya Kumar S
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Ambritha Balasundaram
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Hephzibah Cathryn R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Rinku Polachirakkal Varghese
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Siva R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Gnanasambandan R
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India
| | - Salma Younes
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - Hatem Zayed
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Health and Sciences, Qatar University, QU Health, Doha, 2713, Qatar
| | - George Priya Doss C
- Laboratory of Integrative Genomics, Department of Integrative Biology, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, 632014, India.
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Zhang R, Guo T, Ji L, Yin Y, Feng S, Lu W, Zhang F, Zhu M, Liu S, Jiang J, Zeng F. Development and Application of Patient-Derived Cancer Organoidsin Clinical Management of Gastrointestinal Cancer: A State-of-the-Art Review. Front Oncol 2021; 11:716339. [PMID: 34778032 PMCID: PMC8588806 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.716339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Human gastrointestinal cancer (e.g., gastric cancer and colorectal cancer) has been a leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide and has imposed a great threat to the public health. Although early-stage gastrointestinal cancer can be effectively treated by surgery, followed by postoperative chemotherapy, patients with advanced gastrointestinal cancer often exhibit poor prognosis and cancer relapse due to the absence of effective personalized treatment strategies. Patient-derived cancer organoid technology has been rapidly developed in recent years, and its emergence has opened up an unprecedented approach to model human cancers in vitro. Patient-derived cancer organoids involve the ex vivo culture of fragments of freshly resected human tumors that retain the histological features of original tumors. This review thoroughly discussed the evolutionary process of human gastrointestinal organoids cultured since 2009, and highlighted the potentials of patient-derived cancer organoids in clinical management of gastrointestinal cancer in terms of advances achieved in cancer modelling compared with conventional modelling methods, high-throughput drug screening, and development of personalized treatment selection. Additionally, the current limitations of patient-derived cancer organoids and the potential solutions to overcome these problems were summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruobing Zhang
- Organoid Research Center, Xiamen Broad Creation Biomedical Institute, Xiamen, China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Institute of Neuroscience, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Lulin Ji
- Organoid Research Center, Xiamen Broad Creation Biomedical Institute, Xiamen, China
| | - Yirui Yin
- Department of General Surgery, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Shuitu Feng
- Oncology Department, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, China
| | - Weihong Lu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Xiamen Branch, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Xiamen, China
| | - Maoshu Zhu
- Central Lab, The Fifth Hospital of Xiamen, Xiamen, China
| | - Shugang Liu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Jinhua Jiang
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Renji Hospital School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanwei Zeng
- Organoid Research Center, Xiamen Broad Creation Biomedical Institute, Xiamen, China
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