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Yaghoubi S, Karimi MH, Lotfinia M, Gharibi T, Mahi-Birjand M, Kavi E, Hosseini F, Sineh Sepehr K, Khatami M, Bagheri N, Abdollahpour-Alitappeh M. Potential drugs used in the antibody-drug conjugate (ADC) architecture for cancer therapy. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:31-64. [PMID: 31215038 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.28967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cytotoxic small-molecule drugs have a major influence on the fate of antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). An ideal cytotoxic agent should be highly potent, remain stable while linked to ADCs, kill the targeted tumor cell upon internalization and release from the ADCs, and maintain its activity in multidrug-resistant tumor cells. Lessons learned from successful and failed experiences in ADC development resulted in remarkable progress in the discovery and development of novel highly potent small molecules. A better understanding of such small-molecule drugs is important for development of effective ADCs. The present review discusses requirements making a payload appropriate for antitumor ADCs and focuses on the main characteristics of commonly-used cytotoxic payloads that showed acceptable results in clinical trials. In addition, the present study represents emerging trends and recent advances of payloads used in ADCs currently under clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Yaghoubi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | | | - Majid Lotfinia
- Physiology Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.,Core Research Lab, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Tohid Gharibi
- Immunology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Motahare Mahi-Birjand
- Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran
| | - Esmaeil Kavi
- Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Larestan University of Medical Sciences, Larestan, Iran
| | - Fahimeh Hosseini
- Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Koushan Sineh Sepehr
- Laboratory Sciences Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Khatami
- NanoBioelectrochemistry Research Center, Bam University of Medical Sciences, Bam, Iran
| | - Nader Bagheri
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Basic Health Sciences Institute, Shahrekord University of Medical Sciences, Shahrekord, Iran
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Abstract
Toxin payloads, or drugs, are the crucial components of therapeutic antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs). This review will give an introduction on the requirements that make a toxic compound suitable to be used in an antitumoral ADC and will summarize the structural and mechanistic features of four drug families that yielded promising results in preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Anderl
- Heidelberg Pharma GmbH, Ladenburg, Germany
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Kobayashi S, Hori M, Wang GX, Hirama M. Formal total synthesis of neocarzinostatin chromophore. J Org Chem 2006; 71:636-44. [PMID: 16408974 DOI: 10.1021/jo052031o] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] An efficient route to the neocarzinostatin chromophore aglycon has been developed. The present strategy involves a stereoselective intramolecular acetylide-aldehyde cyclization to form the C5-C6 bond, followed by efficient installation of alpha-epoxide, naphthoate, and carbonate functionalities. The C8-C9-olefin was introduced by using the Martin sulfurane dehydration reaction to furnish the highly reactive aglycon.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoji Kobayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate Schools of Science, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8578, Japan.
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Tsai TH, Cheng FC, Chen YF, Chen CF. On-line microdialysis coupled with microbore liquid chromatography with ultraviolet detection for continuous monitoring of free cefsulodin in rat blood. J Chromatogr A 2001; 914:83-7. [PMID: 11358235 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(00)01205-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A microdialysis method followed by a microbore liquid chromatographic ultraviolet detection procedure has been performed for the assay of unbound cefsulodin in rat blood. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the jugular vein for blood sampling. This method involves an on-line design for submitting dialysate into the liquid chromatographic system. The chromatographic conditions consisted of a mobile phase of methanol-100 mM monosodium phosphoric acid (10:90, v/v, pH 5.0) pumped through a microbore reversed-phase column at a flow-rate of 0.05 ml/min. Detection wavelength was set at 265 nm. Microdialysis probes, being laboratory-made, were screened for acceptable in vivo recovery while chromatographic resolution and detection were validated for response linearity as well as intra- and inter-day variabilities. The method was then applied to pharmacokinetics profiling of cefsulodin in the blood following intravenous administration of cefsulodin (20 mg/kg) in rats. Pharmacokinetics were calculated from the corrected data for dialysate concentrations of cefsulodin versus time. Based on pharmacokinetic calculation, cefsulodin best fitted to a two-exponential disposition. This study provided specific pharmacokinetic information for protein-unbound cefsulodin and demonstrated the applicability of this continuous sampling method for pharmacokinetic study.
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Affiliation(s)
- T H Tsai
- National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Shih-Pai, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Nakatani K, Arai K, Terashima S. Synthetic studies on the compounds related to neocarzinostatin chromophore. 3. Novel synthesis of a chiral cyclic dienediyne system. Tetrahedron 1993. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4020(01)80546-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Wender PA, Wisniewski Grissom J, Hoffmann U, Mah R. Hetero-atom substituted chromium allyls: Synthetic studies on neocarzinostatin chromophore analogues. Tetrahedron Lett 1990. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(00)97126-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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