1
|
Lafkas M. Achieving Durable Forehead Line Outcomes With DaxibotulinumtoxinA: Early Experience in Real-World Clinical Practice. Aesthet Surg J Open Forum 2024; 6:ojae023. [PMID: 38828476 PMCID: PMC11140817 DOI: 10.1093/asjof/ojae023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Irrespective of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) product used, differences in duration between the frontalis and glabella can be a challenge. Since the approval of daxibotulinumtoxinA for injection (DAXI, DAXXIFY; Revance, Nashville, TN), injectors have been eager not only to reproduce the durable results observed in the glabella but also to achieve an extended duration in the frontalis. Objectives To describe how the author has successfully modified their injection technique to achieve extended DAXI duration in the frontalis. Methods In this study, the author presents an approach to obtaining longevity in the forehead with DAXI based on clinical experience performing more than 400 treatments on more than 250 patients with DAXI since product approval. Results DAXI has a limited diffusion profile. If patients are not injected in the mid-to-low frontalis directly, compensatory motion of the lower frontalis leads to premature return of movement, which can result in suboptimal DAXI injection and shortened patient-reported duration. With previous generations of BoNT-A products, some degree of migration from the upper frontalis injection sites and/or the glabella injection sites into the mid and low frontalis is sufficient to prevent this effect, but the precision of DAXI demands that these fibers be more deliberately addressed with a larger number of individual injections. Conclusions Through the use of more injection points, a wider area of treatment, and customization to fit patient needs, duration similar to that observed in clinical studies (20.9 weeks) can be achieved using between 20% and 33% fewer units of DAXI. Level of Evidence 4
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Lafkas
- Corresponding Author: Dr Michael Lafkas, 347 Main St C, Seal Beach, CA 90740, USA. E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han X, Bai J, Kuang J. Efficacy and Safety of AbobotulinumtoxinA for Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Glabellar Lines: A Meta-Analysis. Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2024; 40:126-133. [PMID: 38319153 DOI: 10.1097/iop.0000000000002491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of abobotulinumtoxinA (ABO) and ABO solution for injection (ASI) for treating moderate-to-severe glabellar lines. METHODS The EMBASE, PubMed, and web of science databases were systematically searched. Methodological quality was checked using the Cochrane Risk of Bias tool. We also performed statistical analyses using Stata software to examine the efficacy and safety of ABO. RESULTS Nine randomized controlled trials were included in the meta-analysis. The results showed that at maximum frown, the proportion of responders as measured by the investigator's live assessment and subject's self-assessment of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines were significantly higher in the ABO and ASI treatment groups than in the placebo group. In addition, from baseline to maximum frown, the ≥1-grade improvement rate in moderate-to-severe glabellar lines severity was also significantly higher in the ABO and ASI treatment groups than in the placebo group. No significant differences in adverse events were found between ABO, ASI and placebo groups, indicating that ABO and ASI have good safety. CONCLUSIONS ABO and ASI are effective and safe options for the treatment of moderate-to-severe glabellar lines. More high-quality studies are needed to verify these conclusions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaopan Han
- Department of ENT, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jixian Bai
- Department of ENT, Pingyin People's Hospital, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Kuang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Ji'nan, Shandong Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Lee CH, Yi CC, Bae YC, Lee JW, Lee BJ, Kim JH. Transdermal scopolamine for the treatment of recurrent parotid sialocele: a case report. Arch Craniofac Surg 2024; 25:44-47. [PMID: 38461828 PMCID: PMC10924789 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2023.00360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Revised: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Recurrent parotid sialocele is rare and challenging to treat. Treatment options are limited for cases of parotid sialocele that recur despite ductal ligation. This case study presents a patient who underwent wide excision of the right buccal mucosa due to squamous cell carcinoma. During the wide excision, a segment of the parotid duct was excised, and ductal ligation was performed to prevent the occurrence of a sialocele, followed by reconstruction using a folded anterolateral thigh free flap. Twenty-two days after surgery, parotid sialocele occurred despite the initial ductal ligation and subsequent ductal ligation was performed; however, the sialocele recurred. As an alternative therapeutic option, a transdermal scopolamine patch was applied for 3 weeks, with one patch used every 3 days. The results were encouraging, with complete resolution of the sialocele. A transdermal scopolamine offers a noninvasive, convenient method of treating parotid sialocele with minimal side effects. The successful outcome of this case suggests that a transdermal scopolamine can be an effective therapeutic option for recurrent parotid sialocele in conjunction with surgical treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chi Hyun Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Changryul Claud Yi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Yong Chan Bae
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Jae Woo Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Byung-Joo Lee
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
| | - Joo Hyoung Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Pusan National University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea
- Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Castiglione L, Murariu M, Boeriu E, Enatescu I. Assessing Botulinum Toxin Effectiveness and Quality of Life in Axillary Hyperhidrosis: A One-Year Prospective Study. Diseases 2024; 12:15. [PMID: 38248366 PMCID: PMC10814778 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
This study hypothesized that botulinum toxin (Botox) therapy would sustainably reduce sweat production in axillary hyperhidrosis patients over one year and significantly improve various quality-of-life aspects, including psychological well-being, social interactions, and daily functioning. The objectives were to quantitatively measure changes in sweat production and qualitatively assess the evolving impact on patients' quality of life over one year. Conducted prospectively at the Pius Brinzeu Clinical Emergency Hospital in Timisoara, Romania, this study complied with ethical standards and included adults with primary axillary hyperhidrosis unresponsive to conventional treatments. Participants underwent Botox injections and were evaluated at baseline, six months, and one year, using the Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS), WHOQOL-BREF, and the Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), among other tools. Involving 81 patients, the study showed significant improvements in sweat production and quality-of-life metrics. Sweat production decreased from 0.81 g to 0.23 g per 15 min over one year (p < 0.001). HDSS scores reduced from 3.4 to 1.5, indicating a decrease in symptom severity (p < 0.001). The DLQI total score, assessing life quality impact, notably dropped from 19.9 to 6.9 (p < 0.001). Quality-of-life domains also showed significant improvements, especially in the social (from 65.3 to 73.4, p < 0.001) and environmental aspects (from 68.0 to 72.1, p < 0.001). Higher HDSS and sweat production were significantly associated with a lower quality of life on the DLQI (B coefficients of -4.1 and -2.5, respectively). Botulinum toxin therapy proved effective in reducing sweat production and improving the quality of life in axillary hyperhidrosis patients over a one-year period. These improvements were statistically significant in both physical and psychosocial domains. The study highlights the potential long-term benefits of Botox therapy for hyperhidrosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luca Castiglione
- Doctoral School, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
- Department of General Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Marius Murariu
- Department of General Surgery, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Estera Boeriu
- Department of Pediatrics, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Ileana Enatescu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Discipline of Childcare and Neonatology, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Square 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania;
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Xie Y, Yang X, Liang H, Bo H, Lu J, Guo Q, Li L, Moon HJ, Li Q. A Phase-III Noninferiority, Randomized Controlled Trial of Letibotulinum Toxin A for the Improvement of Moderate-to-Severe Glabellar Wrinkles in China. PLASTIC AND RECONSTRUCTIVE SURGERY-GLOBAL OPEN 2024; 12:e5525. [PMID: 38204875 PMCID: PMC10781123 DOI: 10.1097/gox.0000000000005525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Background Letibotulinum toxin A has an established efficacy and safety profile for aesthetic treatment of glabellar wrinkles. This study was conducted to demonstrate the noninferiority of letibotulinum toxin A versus onabotulinum toxin A in improving the appearance of moderate-to-severe glabellar wrinkles in Chinese patients. Methods This phase-III multicenter, randomized, parallel positive control, double-blinded study compared the efficacy and safety of letibotulinum toxin A and onabotulinum toxin A. Eligible participants were randomized 3:1 to receive 20 U of letibotulinum toxin A or onabotulinum toxin A and were observed for 16 weeks postinjection. The primary endpoint was noninferiority in the proportion of study participants receiving a score of 0 or 1 for glabellar wrinkles on a four-point photographic evaluation scale, as assessed by an institution evaluator at maximum frown at week 4. Secondary endpoints included assessments at rest, photographic assessment of efficacy, and subjective self-assessment of the study participants. Results The proportion of participants (N = 500) receiving a score of 0 or 1 at maximum frown by the institution evaluator at week 4 was 88.49% for letibotulinum toxin A and 87.39% for onabotulinum toxin A (difference, 1.10%; 95% confidence interval, -5.02 to 8.82; P = 0.7469). No significant differences were observed between the treatments for secondary efficacy or safety endpoints. Participants' self-assessment and satisfaction tended to be higher for letibotulinum toxin A than onabotulinum toxin A. Conclusion Letibotulinum toxin A is noninferior to onabotulinum toxin A in improving the appearance of moderate-to-severe glabellar wrinkles in Chinese patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yun Xie
- From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ninth People’s Hospital Affiliated Medical College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiumin Yang
- Department of Dermatovenereology, Capital Medical University, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Liang
- Department of Dermatology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongliang Bo
- Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, China
| | - Jianyun Lu
- Department of Dermatology, Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Qingfeng Li
- Department of Dermatology, Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Choi JH, Choi SY, Hwang JH, Kim KS, Lee SY. Isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy of unknown etiology: a case report and literature review. Arch Craniofac Surg 2023; 24:278-283. [PMID: 38176762 PMCID: PMC10766504 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2023.00458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2023] [Revised: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024] Open
Abstract
The initial instance of isolated unilateral temporalis muscle hypertrophy (IUTMH) was reported in 1990. Since then, only few cases have been documented. The cause of this condition remains ambiguous; however, it is presumed to be linked to compensatory and stress-induced hypertrophy. We introduce a rare case of the diagnosis and treatment of IUTMH. A 39-year-old woman presented with a steadily enlarging pain-free swelling on the left side of her face, first noticed a month ago. Apart from a hyperthyroidism medication regimen her medical history was unremarkable. She had no history of temporomandibular joint disease, bruxism, surgery, or trauma. However, she complained of having been under substantial stress lately. Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging revealed asymmetric temporalis muscle hypertrophy. The treatment plan consisted of administering type A botulinum toxin injections into left temporalis muscle, supplemented by lifestyle changes and relaxation techniques. At a follow-up visit 9 months after the injections, the muscle contour was normalized both in physical and in radiologic examinations. While further supportive evidence is needed, it can be anticipated that cosmetic treatment with botulinum toxin, rather than surgical interventions, will become the standard treatment of IUTMH.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jun Ho Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Seung Yeon Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Jae Ha Hwang
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Kwang Seog Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Sam Yong Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gelezhe P, Frank K, Casabona G, Kaye KO, Kassirer S, Moelhoff N, Freytag DL, Gotkin RH, Alfertshofer M, Cotofana S. Safety considerations for treating the parotid and submandibular glands with neuromodulators for facial slimming. J Cosmet Dermatol 2023; 22:2957-2963. [PMID: 37602962 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuromodulators have predominantly been used for the treatment of upper facial lines, but their use has expanded to include lower face and neck treatments. However, the injection sites for these treatments are based on skin surface landmarks, which may pose risks to nearby structures and result in undesired outcomes. OBJECTIVE To investigate the spatial relationship between the FDA-approved skin surface landmarks for neuromodulator injections in the parotid and submandibular glands and the topographical anatomy of critical facial structures such as the facial artery, facial vein, external carotid artery, and retromandibular vein. MATERIALS AND METHODS A cross-sectional retrospective analysis was conducted on contrast-enhanced cranial CT scans. The scans were analyzed for the morphology and location of the parotid and submandibular glands. Measurements were taken for gland volume, craniocaudal extent, anterior-posterior extent, and distances between the skin surface and gland capsule or nearby structures such as arteries. RESULTS The study sample consisted of 53 subjects, including 7 males and 46 females, with a mean age of 36.91 years and a mean BMI of 23.28 kg/m2 . The mean volume of the parotid gland was 31.9 ± 3.0 cc in males and 28.5 ± 3.6 cc in females with p < 0.001, while the mean volume of the submandibular gland was 18.2 ± 2.0 cc in males and 14.5 ± 3.4 cc in females with p < 0.001. The mean distances between skin surface and the gland capsule were 5.98 ± 2.2 and 8.84 ± 4.0 mm for the parotid and submandibular gland, respectively. This distance increased with higher age and higher BMI values in a statistically significant manner with p < 0.001. CONCLUSION The distances between FDA-approved skin surface landmarks and the parotid and submandibular glands varied significantly depending on gender, age, and BMI. Optimal injection depth and location for neuromodulator treatments cannot be generalized based on these landmarks alone, emphasizing the need for real-time ultrasound imaging guidance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pavel Gelezhe
- Research and Practical Center of Medical Radiology, Department of Health Care of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Samuel Kassirer
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nicholas Moelhoff
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig - Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - David L Freytag
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Gemeinschaftsklinikum Havelhöhe, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Michael Alfertshofer
- Division of Hand, Plastic and Aesthetic Surgery, Ludwig - Maximilian University Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Sebastian Cotofana
- Department of Dermatology, Erasmus Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Centre for Cutaneous Research, Blizard Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Lee JH, Lee HJ, Yi KH, Lee KW, Gil YC, Kim HJ. Ideal Injection Points for Botulinum Neurotoxin for Pectoralis Minor Syndrome: A Cadaveric Study. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:603. [PMID: 37888634 PMCID: PMC10610843 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15100603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pectoralis Minor Syndrome (PMS) causes significant discomfort due to the compression of the neurovascular bundle within the retropectoralis minor space. Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections have emerged as a potential treatment method; however, their effectiveness depends on accurately locating the injection site. In this study, we aimed to identify optimal BoNT injection sites for PMS treatment. We used twenty-nine embalmed and eight non-embalmed human cadavers to determine the origin and intramuscular arborization of the pectoralis minor muscle (Pm) via manual dissection and Sihler's nerve staining techniques. Our findings showed the Pm's origin near an oblique line through the suprasternal notch, with most neural arborization within the proximal three-fourths of the Pm. Blind dye injections validated these results, effectively targeting the primary neural arborized area of the Pm at the oblique line's intersection with the second and third ribs. We propose BoNT injections at the arborized region within the Pm's proximal three-fourths, or the C region, for PMS treatment. These findings guide clinicians towards safer, more effective BoNT injections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hyun Lee
- Department of Anatomy and Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Gachon University, 1342 Seongnam-daero, Seongnam-si 13120, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hyung-Jin Lee
- Department of Anatomy, Catholic Institute for Applied Anatomy, College of Medicine, The Catholic University, 222 Banpo-daero, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kyu-Ho Yi
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (K.-H.Y.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Kang-Woo Lee
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (K.-H.Y.); (K.-W.L.)
| | - Young-Chun Gil
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Chungbuk National University, 1 Chungdae-ro, Cheongju-si 28644, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hee-Jin Kim
- Division in Anatomy and Developmental Biology, Department of Oral Biology, Human Identification Research Institute, BK21 FOUR Project, College of Dentistry, Yonsei University, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea; (K.-H.Y.); (K.-W.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Moon B, Park KY, Mun HG, Kim YS, Kim YJ. The significance of split-face studies and electromyography in forehead rejuvenation. Arch Craniofac Surg 2023; 24:218-222. [PMID: 37919908 PMCID: PMC10622953 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2023.00451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin is a neurotoxic substance with a wide range of uses, from the treatment of musculoskeletal spasms to antiaging regimens by improving wrinkles. Split-face studies in which drugs are injected in the right and left sides of the faces have been actively conducted in botulinum toxin studies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the reliability of a split-face study for determining the effectiveness of botulinum toxin based on eyebrow height and movement, and electromyography results. METHODS Thirty-one women aged 35 to 55 years were included in the study. Eyebrow height was measured as the distance from the eyebrows to the upper eyelid margin on the primary gaze, and eyebrow movement was measured as the distance when the forehead was wrinkled for 5 seconds. A noninvasive method was used for electromyography of the frontalis muscles. RESULTS No statistically significant differences in right and left eyebrow heights and movements, and electromyography findings (p= 0.256, p= 1.000, and p= 0.978, respectively) were found. Pearson correlation analysis showed that electromyography muscle activity is positively associated with eyebrow movement, respectively (p< 0.001). CONCLUSION We advocate the reliability of split-face study and the usefulness of electromyography of frontalis muscle in forehead rejuvenation research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bomin Moon
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ki Young Park
- Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Hye Gwang Mun
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yun Sang Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| | - Yu Jin Kim
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Gachon University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Koh YG, Shin SH, Kim KR, Yeoum SH, Choi WW, Park KY. A Double-Blinded, Randomized, Dose-Comparison Pilot Study to Comparatively Evaluate Efficacy and Safety of Two Doses of Botulinum Toxin Type A Injection for Deltoid Muscle Hypertrophy. Ann Dermatol 2023; 35:355-359. [PMID: 37830417 PMCID: PMC10579568 DOI: 10.5021/ad.22.155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection is being widely used off-label for muscular hypertrophy, including deltoid muscle hypertrophy. However, very few studies have evaluated the optimal dosage and its clinical response. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of different doses of Prabotulinum toxin A (PBoNT) for treating deltoid muscle hypertrophy. METHODS Twelve particiapants with bilateral deltoid muscle hypertrophy were enrolled and randomly received either 16 U or 32 U of PBoNT. In each participant, the same dose was administered to both deltoid muscles. Both participants and evaluators were blinded. Deltoid muscle thickness and upper arm circumference were measured on day 0, and weeks 2, 4, and 12 after the PBoNT injection. RESULTS Upper arm circumference significantly decreased in both groups; however, deltoid muscle thickness was reduced in the 16 U group only. No major complications were reported in both groups. However, a few minor complications were reported in the 16 U injection group. CONCLUSION Both 16 U and 32 U of PBoNT intramuscular injections are safe and effective in treating deltoid hypertrophy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Young Gue Koh
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Sun Hye Shin
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ka Ram Kim
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Kui Young Park
- Department of Dermatology, Chung-Ang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Antonucci F, Bozzi Y. Action of Botulinum Neurotoxin E Type in Experimental Epilepsies. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:550. [PMID: 37755976 PMCID: PMC10536604 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15090550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are zinc endopeptidases produced by the Clostridium genus of anerobic bacteria, largely known for their ability to cleave synaptic proteins, leading to neuromuscular paralysis. In the central nervous system, BoNTs are known to block the release of glutamate neurotransmitter, and for this reason, researchers explored the possible therapeutic action in disorders characterized by neuronal hyperactivity, such as epilepsy. Thus, using multidisciplinary approaches and models of experimental epilepsy, we investigated the pharmacological potential of BoNT/E serotype. In this review, written in memory of Prof. Matteo Caleo, a pioneer in these studies, we go back over the hypotheses and experimental approaches that led us to the conclusion that intrahippocampal administration of BoNT/E (i) displays anticonvulsant effects if prophylactically delivered in a model of acute generalized seizures; (ii) does not have any antiepileptogenic action after the induction of status epilepticus; (iii) reduces frequency of spontaneous seizures in a model of recurrent seizures if delivered during the chronic phase but in a transient manner. Indeed, the control on spontaneous seizures stops when BoNT/E effects are off (few days), thus limiting its pharmacological potential in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flavia Antonucci
- Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BIOMETRA), University of Milan, via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Milan, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, via Raoul Follereau 3, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy
- CIMeC-Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Piazza della Manifattura 1, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
| | - Yuri Bozzi
- CIMeC-Center for Mind/Brain Sciences, University of Trento, Piazza della Manifattura 1, 38068 Rovereto, Italy
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, via Giuseppe Moruzzi 1, 56124 Pisa, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wu Y, Shi L, Lan J, Li Y, Liu F, Wang S, Sun Z. Auxiliary rehabilitation training after calf contouring with botulinum toxin type A injection reduces adverse reactions and improves satisfaction. Am J Transl Res 2023; 15:4962-4969. [PMID: 37560233 PMCID: PMC10408528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To analyze the effect of adjuvant rehabilitation training after calf contouring with botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection. METHODS Clinical data of 48 female beauty seekers who underwent calf contouring at the Plastic Surgery Laser Center of Guangdong Second People's Hospital from January 2021 to June 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Among them, 24 cases received routine care from January 2021 to December 2021 and were included in a control group, and 24 cases received rehabilitation care with auxiliary rehabilitation training from January 2022 to June 2022 that were in an observation group. The subjects were followed up for 24 weeks to observe the curative effect, and the injection efficacy was compared between the two groups. The maximum calf circumference (MCC) and gastrocnemius muscle thickness (GMT) were comparatively analyzed before and 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after treatment. The incidence of adverse reactions and satisfaction rate were also compared. RESULTS Both groups showed reduced calf circumferences after injection, with soft and uniform calf curves. No inter-group statistical significance was identified in terms of curative effects. Reduced MCC and GMT were observed in both groups at 2, 4, 12, and 24 weeks after treatment, with lower values in the observation group than in the control group at week 2, 4, and 12. The observation group also showed markedly fewer adverse reactions and higher satisfaction rate than the control group. CONCLUSIONS BTX-A injection is effective in calf contouring and can significantly reduce the MCC and GMT. In addition, post-injection rehabilitation training can significantly reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions and improve patient satisfaction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanqun Wu
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Liying Shi
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Jianzhen Lan
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Youjin Li
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei Liu
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Sunjuan Wang
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhongsheng Sun
- Plastic Surgery Laser Center, Guangdong Second People's Hospital Guangzhou 510317, Guangdong, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Schlaeger JM, Glayzer JE, Villegas‐Downs M, Li H, Glayzer EJ, He Y, Takayama M, Yajima H, Takakura N, Kobak WH, McFarlin BL. Evaluation and Treatment of Vulvodynia: State of the Science. J Midwifery Womens Health 2023; 68:9-34. [PMID: 36533637 PMCID: PMC10107324 DOI: 10.1111/jmwh.13456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Vulvodynia affects 7% of American women, yet clinicians often lack awareness of its presentation. It is underdiagnosed and often misdiagnosed as vaginitis. The etiology of vulvodynia remains unknown, making it difficult to identify or develop effective treatment methods. The purpose of this article is to (1) review the presentation and evaluation of vulvodynia, (2) review the research on vulvodynia treatments, and (3) aid the clinician in the selection of vulvodynia treatment methods. The level of evidence to support vulvodynia treatment varies from case series to randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Oral desipramine with 5% lidocaine cream, intravaginal diazepam tablets with intravaginal transcutaneous electric nerve stimulation (TENS), botulinum toxin type A 50 units, enoxaparin sodium subcutaneous injections, intravaginal TENS (as a single therapy), multimodal physical therapy, overnight 5% lidocaine ointment, and acupuncture had the highest level of evidence with at least one RCT or comparative effectiveness trial. Pre to posttest reduction in vulvar pain and/or dyspareunia in non-RCT studies included studies of gabapentin cream, amitriptyline cream, amitriptyline with baclofen cream, up to 6 weeks' oral itraconazole therapy, multimodal physical therapy, vaginal dilators, electromyography biofeedback, hypnotherapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, cold knife vestibulectomy, and laser therapy. There is a lack of rigorous RCTs with large sample sizes for the treatment of vulvodynia, rendering it difficult to determine efficacy of most treatment methods. Clinicians will be guided in the selection of best treatments for vulvodynia that have the highest level of evidence and are least invasive.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith M. Schlaeger
- Department of Human Development Nursing ScienceUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of NursingChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Jennifer E. Glayzer
- Department of Human Development Nursing ScienceUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of NursingChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Michelle Villegas‐Downs
- Department of Human Development Nursing ScienceUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of NursingChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Hongjin Li
- Department of Human Development Nursing ScienceUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of NursingChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Edward J. Glayzer
- Department of Sociology, Anthropology, and Social WorkUniversity of Dayton College of Arts and SciencesDaytonOhioUSA
| | - Ying He
- Department of Pharmaceutical SciencesOklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOklahomaUSA
| | - Miho Takayama
- Department of Acupuncture and MoxibustionTokyo Ariake University of Medical and Health SciencesTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyoshi Yajima
- Department of Acupuncture and MoxibustionTokyo Ariake University of Medical and Health SciencesTokyoJapan
| | - Nobuari Takakura
- Department of Acupuncture and MoxibustionTokyo Ariake University of Medical and Health SciencesTokyoJapan
| | - William H. Kobak
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Barbara L. McFarlin
- Department of Human Development Nursing ScienceUniversity of Illinois Chicago College of NursingChicagoIllinoisUSA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Costa ACDF, Silva ECD, Gondim DV. Botulinum Toxin in Facial Aesthetics Affects the Emotion Process: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE : THE OFFICIAL SCIENTIFIC JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN COLLEGE OF NEUROPSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY 2022; 20:600-608. [PMID: 36263636 PMCID: PMC9606430 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2022.20.4.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to conduct a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to evaluate the effects of the btulinum toxin-A (BT-A) in patiets with mood disorders. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and LILACS were searched without restrictions up to July 2022. The PICOS strategy was used for the selection of studies and risk-of-bias assessment was performed using Cochrane's tool for RCTs. RCTs were included if they compared BT-A treatment on facial muscles in patients with mood disorders to placebo. After assessment of the full texts, seven studies were selected. Five studies had low risk of bias for the generation of random sequence and blinding of participants and professional domains. A total of four studies showed a low risk of bias for the allocation concealment and blinding of the evaluation of the domain results. The domain of selective reports showed a low risk of bias in all included studies. However, four studies presented a high risk of bias for the domain of other biases. The meta-analysis was based on the mean difference or standardized mean difference between the BT-A and placebo groups for each selected trial and revealed that the BT-A group showed a significant improvement in the symptoms of depression when compared to placebo. This study revealed that the BT-A application into mimic muscles of the upper third of the face improves the mood disorders, but it was not possible to guarantee whether the aesthetic benefits can contribute to reducing the severity of the depressive state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Everton Cavalcante da Silva
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil
| | - Delane Viana Gondim
- Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Dentistry and Nursing, Federal University of Ceará, Brazil.,Department of Morphology, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Lu W, Jiang Z, Tang C, Wang P, Yang L. Molecular mechanisms by which targeted muscle reinnervation improves the microenvironment of spinal cord motor neurons and target muscles. Neurosci Lett 2022; 789:136879. [PMID: 36152746 DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2022.136879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Targeted muscle reinnervation is a clinically valuable nerve transfers technology used to reconstruct the information sources reconstruct the motor nerve information sources lost because of nerve injury. This study aimed to investigate the effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of hind limb TMR on motor neurons and target muscles in rats after tibial nerve transection (TNT). Immunohistochemistry was performed to detect acetylcholinesterase expression in the target muscles and myelin basic protein, neuregulin-1 (NRG1), and ErbB2 expression in the tibial nerve of rats. Masson's trichrome staining was performed to observe fibrillar collagen expression in the target muscles. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression of NRG1 and its receptor, ErbB2, in the target muscles. TMR significantly enhanced NRG1, ErbB2, and myelin basic protein expression in nerve fibers compared with those in the TNT group and exerted a protective effect on the maintenance of a large number of nerve fibers and myelin sheath thickness. The above results indicated that TMR can regulate NRG1 and ErbB2 expression in residual nerve fibers and protect the integrity of the myelin sheath, thus improving the functional status of the target muscles, which is beneficial for restoring hind limb motor function after TNT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Lu
- College of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Jiangmen Chinese Medical College, Jiangmen, China
| | - Zhendong Jiang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Chunxiao Tang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Human Anatomy, Zhuhai Campus of Zunyi Medical University, Zhuhai, China; Key Laboratory of Human-Machine Intelligence-Synergy Systems, Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Shenzhen 518055, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Choi JH, Roh TS, Lee WJ, Baek W. Cranioplasty and temporal hollowing correction with a three-dimensional printed bioresorbable mesh and double vertical suture anchor muscle sling: a case report. Arch Craniofac Surg 2022; 23:178-182. [PMID: 36068693 PMCID: PMC9449094 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2022.00682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Postoperative temporal hollowing is a common complication of craniotomy. Damage and repositioning of the temporalis muscle can lead to a depression in the temporal side of the skull with inferior bulging, worsening aesthetic outcomes. We report a case of cranioplasty with three-dimensional (3D) printed mesh involving an additional correction using a temporalis muscle sling to help address this problem. A 3D-printed bioabsorbable mesh was prepared based on preoperative facial computed tomography, and was fixed to the hollowed area for tissue augmentation. The temporalis muscle was elevated and fanned out to its original position, and a sling was attached to a screw that was fixed to the mesh. For reinforcement, an additional sling was attached to another screw fixed to the mesh 2–3 cm vertically above the first screw. Aesthetic results were confirmed immediately after surgery and later during outpatient follow-up. Both depression and lateral bulging were resolved, and there was no delayed drooping of the temporalis muscle on 6-month follow-up. There were no complications, and the patient was satisfied with the appearance. This is a simple yet effective technique with a low risk of complications, and should be considered for postoperative temporal hollowing patients, especially those with severe lateral bulging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae Hyeok Choi
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Tai Suk Roh
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Jai Lee
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wooyeol Baek
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bell felcinin viral patojenitesi ve tedavi olarak botulinum toksin tip A kullanımı. JOURNAL OF CONTEMPORARY MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.16899/jcm.1039022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Bell'in felci, kraniyal sinir VII'nin iltihaplanmasının ortak adıdır. Kendine özgü genikulat ganglion iltihabı idiyopatiktir ve hemifasiyal felce neden olur. Bu felçten muzdarip olan hastaların semptomları 3 hafta ile 3 ay arasında kaybolabilir. Yüz felci devam eden bazı hastalar için botulinum toksin tip A etkili bir tedavi olabilir. Kas felcinin şiddetine göre botoksun yanı sıra ameliyat, steroid ve antiviral tedavi gibi farklı tedaviler sunulabilir. Bu derleme makalesinin amacı, viral patojenlerin fasiyal sinir iltihabının aktivasyonu ile olası ilişkisine ve Bell felçli hastaların tedavi olarak botoks tip-A'dan nasıl yararlanabileceğine dalmaktır.
Collapse
|
18
|
Cavallini M, Papagni M, Lazzari R, Santorelli A. Botulinum Toxin Type A: Adverse Events and Management. Facial Plast Surg 2022; 38:111-115. [PMID: 35130564 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1741531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Aesthetic medicine is witnessing an increasing exploitation of all the procedures. The demand has never been higher than it is today. The number of practitioners is also increasing year by year. Consequently complications and other kinds of related troubles and procedures are also rising. Never like today is fundamental, in case of troubles, how to properly manage with the most frequent issues. In aesthetic medicine field, botulinum toxin procedures are the safest. Lot of patients are worried about botulinum toxin despite the available scientific literature. Rare short-term complications are observed. In the most of cases, nothing severe occurs if the international recommendations and the most recent guidelines are closely followed, the majority of them are injection related. This study is a review of rare or common problems that can occur and how to manage or solve the situations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maurizio Cavallini
- Operative Unit of Dermatology and Dermato-Surgery, Centro Diagnostico Italiano Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Papagni
- Italian Scientific Society of Aesthetic Medicine, Milan, Italy
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Seo HJ, Choi YK. Current trends in orthognathic surgery. Arch Craniofac Surg 2022; 22:287-295. [PMID: 34974683 PMCID: PMC8721433 DOI: 10.7181/acfs.2021.00598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Orthognathic surgery has steadily evolved, gradually expanding its scope of application beyond its original purpose of simply correcting malocclusion and the facial profile. For instance, it is now used to treat obstructive sleep apnea and to achieve purely cosmetic outcomes. Recent developments in three-dimensional digital technology are being utilized throughout the entire process of orthognathic surgery, from establishing a surgical plan to printing the surgical splint. These processes have made it possible to perform more sophisticated surgery. The goal of this review article is to introduce current trends in the field of orthognathic surgery and controversies that are under active discussion. The role of a plastic surgeon is not limited to performing orthognathic surgery itself, but also encompasses deep involvement throughout the entire process, including the set-up of surgical occlusion and overall surgical planning. The authors summarize various aspects in the field of orthognathic surgery with the hope of providing helpful information both for plastic surgeons and orthodontists who are interested in orthognathic surgery.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hyung Joon Seo
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| | - Youn-Kyung Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Sykianakis D, Stratigos A, Chatziioannou A, Christodoulou C. Botulinum toxin type A treatment is associated with improved social and psychological behavior: A retrospective study. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 21:142-148. [PMID: 34806297 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The human face significantly affects the individuals' quality of life, attitude, and mental state. The study of anatomy would always be on the spotlight, as the beauty of the face is desired by humans worldwide. However, age, stress, and negative emotions could lead to stimulation of the corrugator supercilii and procerus muscles in the glabellar region and, subsequently, to alterations in face's characteristics, which could be associated with isolation and avoidance of engaging in social contacts. AIMS Here, we aimed to examine the degree to which treatment with botulinum toxin type A (BoNT A) can affect patients' quality of life and mental state. PATIENTS/METHODS The data collection was performed using 11 questionnaires, which were filled by 83 individuals who underwent BoNT A treatment (sex, 95% female and 5% male; mean age, 48 years). RESULTS The results showed that the treatment with BoNT A improved the patients' social and psychological behavior, and their opinion regarding their appearance. This effect developed within 1 month following completion of the treatment. Moreover, the effect was higher in patients' social behavior and was better in patients aged 40-49 years compared to those aged <40 and ≥49 years. CONCLUSIONS Thus, BoNT A treatment could be considered as an important way to improve the social behavior and socialization of individuals by raising their psychology and self-esteem.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Alexander Stratigos
- First Department of Dermatology-Venerology, Medical School, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Argiro Chatziioannou
- First Department of Dermatology-Venerology, Medical School, Andreas Sygros Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Christodoulou
- Second Department of Psychiatry, Athens University Medical School, Attikon General Hospital, Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Skorochod R, Nesher R, Nesher G, Gronovich Y. Ophthalmic adverse events following facial injections of botulinum toxin A: A systemic literature review. J Cosmet Dermatol 2021; 20:2409-2413. [PMID: 34097809 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.14279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over the years, botulinum toxin has found its place as a neuromuscular blocking agent in numerous medical fields. Since the approval of botulinum toxin by the FDA for cosmetic indications in 2002, it had become the most commonly performed esthetic procedure worldwide, with ever-growing demand. The characteristics of the toxin, along with the facial areas it is injected to, could possibly account for a wide array of complication. METHODS The authors conducted a literature search for reported cases of ophthalmic adverse events following Botulinum toxin facial injections in the electronic databases of PubMed and Cochrane Library databases. RESULTS The authors found 25 publications, reporting 49 cases of ophthalmic adverse events following botulinum toxin injections. Injections for cosmetic indications accounted for 51% of all injections, treatment of blepharospasms for 22% of cases, protective ptosis for 11% of cases, and treatment of hemifacial spams for 8% of cases. The average quantity of botulinum toxin injected to a single patient ranged between 1.25 and 75 units, with a median of 13.75 units.Majority of injections for cosmetic indications were performed to the lateral canthal area (56%), followed by the glabella (28%) and the forehead (20%).Adverse events following injections included diplopia (64%), ptosis (14%), and decrease in visual acuity or vision loss (8%). CONCLUSIONS Botulinum toxin is gaining extreme popularity in the management of a wide area of diseases and for cosmetic indications. Proper knowledge of potential adverse events is crucial for the clinician in attempt to decrease complications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ron Skorochod
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Ronit Nesher
- Department of Ophthalmology, Meir Medical Center, Kfar-Saba, Israel
| | - Gideon Nesher
- Department of Internal Medicine A and the Rheumatology Unit, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Yoav Gronovich
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shaare-Zedek Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel.,The Hebrew University Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Outcome Using Either Intradermal Botox Injection or Endoscopic Thoracic Sympathectomy for Patients with Primary Palmar Hyperhidrosis: A Comparative Study. COSMETICS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cosmetics8020041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperhidrosis, or excessive sweating, negatively impacts patients both physically and psychologically. It may be primary or secondary: the primary form is a benign condition, with its growing prevalence reaching 5% recently. Its medical treatments are transitory. Objectives: Comparison of the outcomes of patients with primary palmar hyperhidrosis (PPH) after intradermal Botox injection (IBI) versus endoscopic thoracic sympathectomy (ETS). Methods: Forty patients were randomly divided into two equal groups. Patients in the IBI group received an intradermal injection of a botulinum toxin A. Patients in the EST group received endoscopic electrocautery of the sympathetic chain. The patients were evaluated biweekly for 12 weeks, and patient satisfaction by outcome was evaluated using a 4-point satisfaction score. Results: At 12 weeks, 60% of the IBI group patients had maintained an improvement. Meanwhile, 40% of the patients were improved compared to pre-intervention scores, despite deterioration after remarkable improvement. On the other hand, 80% of ETS group patients maintained their Hyperhidrosis Disease Severity Scale (HDSS) up until the end of follow-up. Patient satisfaction scores were significantly higher for the IBI group compared to the ETS group. Conclusions: Intradermal Botox injection is a simple, safe, non-invasive, and effective therapeutic modality for PPH and achieved higher patient satisfaction compared to ETS.
Collapse
|