The effect of abraxane on cell kinetic parameters of HeLa cells

Evaluating the clinical efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy with cisplatin and nab-paclitaxel in postoperative early-stage cervical cancer

OBJECTIVE

A preclinical study showed that nab-paclitaxel acted as a radiosensitizer and improved tumor radiotherapy in a supra-additive manner. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) with cisplatin and nab-paclitaxel in postoperative early-stage cervical cancer with an unfavorable prognosis.

METHODS

Eligible patients with stage IB1-IIA2 (FIGO 2009) cervical carcinoma were recruited retrospectively between August 2018 to May 2021. Patients in both the cisplatin and nab-paclitaxel groups received postoperative radiotherapy and weekly intravenous cisplatin 40 mg/m2 or nab-paclitaxel 100 mg concurrently. An analysis of overall survival, progression-free survival, and adverse reactions was conducted.

RESULTS

A total of 105 early-stage cervical cancer patients were included into our study. The median follow-up time was 38.7 months. The 3-year overall survival and progression-free survival in both group was similar. The cycles of chemotherapy in the cisplatin group were less than those in the nab-paclitaxel group (4.5 vs. 5.0; p = 0.001). Patients in the cisplatin group had a significantly higher frequency of hematological adverse events than patients in the nab-paclitaxel group (P < 0.05). Patients in the cisplatin group had a significantly higher frequency of grade 3-4 leukopenia (46.1% vs. 18.9%; P = 0.03), grade 1-2 thrombocytopenia (32.7% vs. 9.5%; P = 0.014) than patients in the nab-paclitaxel group. Gastrointestinal reactions, such as vomiting, nausea, and anorexia were significantly reduced in the nab-paclitaxel group compared with those in the cisplatin group. Regarding the effects on alopecia, the incidence rate of the nab-paclitaxel group was higher than that of the cisplatin group (P = 0.001). There were no differences between the groups in terms of other adverse reactions.

CONCLUSION

The results of this study indicate that nab-paclitaxel-based concurrent radiotherapy is tolerable and effective, and can be considered an alternative to cisplatin chemotherapy.

Clinical comparative investigation of efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin plus gemcitabine or plus Abraxane as first-line chemotherapy for stage III/IV non-small-cell lung cancer

PURPOSE

The purpose of this study was to observe the clinical efficacy and toxicity of cisplatin in combination with gemcitabine or Abraxane as first-line chemotherapy for stage III/IV non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A total of 200 patients with advanced NSCLC, which was confirmed by pathology or cytology, were enrolled into our research by reviewing previous complete and retrievable medical records data of our hospital. A total of 100 patients were treated with gemcitabine (1,000 mg/m², day 1 and day 8) in combination with cisplatin (75 mg/m², days 1-3; GP group) and another 100 patients were treated with Abraxane (260 mg/m², day 1) in combination with cisplatin (75 mg/m², days 1-3; TP group). Twenty-one days were required to complete one cycle; at least two cycles were completed by each group.

RESULTS

For the 100 patients in the GP group, the effective response rate (RR) was 27%, the disease control rate (DCR) was 63%, and the median progression-free survival (PFS) time was 8 months. For the 100 patients in the TP group, the RR was 52%, the DCR was 75%, and the median PFS was 20 months. There was significant difference in RR (P<0.001), but no significant difference in DSR and PFS (P>0.05). Common treatment-related adverse events were hematologic toxicity and gastrointestinal reaction. Hematologic toxicity mainly included decreased white blood cells and platelets. The differences between the two groups were statistically significant (P<0.05). Gastrointestinal reaction mainly included nausea and vomiting. There was no statistical significance between them (P=0.805). For the 85 patients with squamous carcinoma in the TP group, the RR was 60%, the DCR was 78%, and the median PFS was 7.5 months. For the 85 patients with squamous carcinoma in the GP group, the RR was 36%, the DCR was 62%, and the median PFS was 18.5 months. There was significant difference in RR (P=0.024), but no significant difference in DSR and PFS (P>0.05). For the 115 patients with adenocarcinoma in the TP group, the RR was 47%, the DCR was 73%, and the median PFS was 8 months. For the 115 patients with adenocarcinoma in the GP group, the RR was 20%, the DCR was 64%, and the median PFS was 20.5 months. There was significant difference in RR (P=0.003), but no significant difference in DCR and PFS (P>0.05).

CONCLUSION

The efficacy of cisplatin in combination with Abraxane is better than that with gemcitabine in the treatment of NSCLC, and the treatment has less risk of hematologic toxicity.

Clinical investigation of efficacy of albumin bound paclitaxel plus platinum compounds as first-line chemotherapy for stage III/IV squamous non-small cell lung cancer

OBJECTIVE

To observe the efficacy and toxicity of nanoparticle albumin bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) plus platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) as first line treatment for stage III/IV squamous non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

METHODS

Forty chemotherapy naive patients with stage III/IV squamous NSCLC received nab-paclitaxel 125 mg/m2 on day 1 and day 8, cisplatin 75 mg/m2 on day 1, carboplatin area under the concentration-time curve of 5 (AUC=5) on day 1. One cycle of treatment was 3 weeks, and at least two were completed in each case.

RESULTS

Of the 40 patients who participated in the study, 25 achieved partial responses (PR), 12 reached a stage of stable disease (SD), and 3 suffered progressive disease (PD). The overall response rate (ORR) was 62.5% and the disease control rate (DCR) was 92.5%. Of the 20 patients without surgery or radiotherapy, 10 achieved PR, 7 reached a stage of SD, and 3 PD. The ORR was 50.0% and the DCR was 85.0%. The median progression-free survival time (PFS) of patients without surgery or radiotherapy was 5.0 months. Of the 20 patients receiving surgery or radiotherapy, 15 had PR and 5 p had SD, with an ORR of 75.0% and a DCR of 85.0%. Specifically, the DDP arm demonstrated a significantly higher ORR than the CBP arm (100%vs 54.5%, P<0.05). Common treatment related adverse events were myelosuppression, gastrointestinal response, baldness and neurotoxicity, most of which were grade 1 to 2.

CONCLUSION

Nab-paclitaxel plus platinum agent (cisplatin or carboplatin) is effective as a first-line chemotherapy for stage III/IV squamous NSCLC, and its adverse effects are tolerable.