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Satapathy P, Khatib MN, Gaidhane S, Zahiruddin QS, Serhan HA, Sharma RK, Sharma D, Arora M, Rustagi S, Na A, Alsayyah A, Al-Hajeili M, Al-Subaie MF, Alfaresi M, Alissa M, Rabaan AA. Prevalence of human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer patients in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis. BMC Infect Dis 2024; 24:516. [PMID: 38783184 PMCID: PMC11112865 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-024-09357-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human papillomavirus (HPV) is increasingly recognized as a significant risk factor in the development of head and neck cancers (HNCs), with varying prevalence and impact. This study aims to systematically review and analyze the prevalence of HPV in HNCs in India, providing insights into regional variations. METHODS A comprehensive literature search was carried out using PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to November 10, 2023. Inclusion criteria focused on original research reporting HPV-positive cases among HNC patients in India. We used Nested-Knowledge software, for screening, and data extraction. The modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scale was used for quality assessment of included studies. We pooled the prevalence of HPV among HNC patients and performed a random-effects model meta-analysis using R software (version 4.3). RESULTS The search yielded 33 studies, encompassing 4654 HNC patients. The pooled prevalence of HPV infection was found to be 33% (95% CI: 25.8-42.6), with notable heterogeneity (I² = 95%). Analysis of subgroups according to geographical location indicated varying prevalence rates. Specifically, the prevalence was 47% (95% CI: 32.2-62.4) in the eastern regions and 19.8% (95% CI: 10.8-33.4) in the western regions. No evidence of publication bias was detected. CONCLUSION The observed considerable regional disparities on the prevalence of HPV in HNC patients in India emphasizes the need for integrated HPV vaccination and screening programs in public health strategies. The findings underline the necessity for further research to explore regional variations and treatment responses in HPV-associated HNCs, considering the impact of factors such as tobacco use and the potential benefits of HPV vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakasini Satapathy
- Center for Global Health Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha University, Chennai, India.
- Medical Laboratories Techniques Department, AL-Mustaqbal University, Hillah, Babil, 51001, Iraq.
| | - Mahalaqua Nazli Khatib
- Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Shilpa Gaidhane
- One Health Centre (COHERD), Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Quazi Syed Zahiruddin
- Global South Asia Infant Feeding Research Network (SAIFRN), Division of Evidence Synthesis, Global Consortium of Public Health and Research, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education, Wardha, India
| | - Hashem Abu Serhan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.
| | - Rakesh Kumar Sharma
- Graphic Era (Deemed to be University), Clement Town, Dehradun, India
- Graphic Era Hill University, Clement Town, Dehradun, India
| | - Divya Sharma
- Centre of Research Impact and Outcome, Chitkara University, Rajpura, 140417, Punjab, India
| | - Mithhil Arora
- Chitkara Centre for Research and Development, Chitkara University, Himachal Pradesh, 174103, India
| | - Sarvesh Rustagi
- School of Applied and Life Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India
| | - AlKaabi Na
- College of Medicine and Health Science, Khalifa University, 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Sheikh Khalifa Medical City, Abu Dhabi Health Services Company (SEHA), 51900, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed Alsayyah
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, 31441, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwan Al-Hajeili
- Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, 23624, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha F Al-Subaie
- Research Center, Dr. Sulaiman Alhabib Medical Group, 13328, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mubarak Alfaresi
- Department of Microbiology, National Reference laboratory, Cleveland clinic Abu Dhabi, 92323, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Mohammed Bin Rashid University of Medicine and Health Sciences, 505055, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Alissa
- Department of Medical Laboratory, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, 11942, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Rabaan
- College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, 11533, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
- Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Johns Hopkins Aramco Healthcare, 31311, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Public Health and Nutrition, The University of Haripur, 22610, Haripur, Pakistan
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Vani NV, Rama R, Madhanagopal R, Vijayalakshmi R, Swaminathan R. Human Papillomavirus-Attributable Head and Neck Cancers in India-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. JCO Glob Oncol 2024; 10:e2300464. [PMID: 38513185 PMCID: PMC10965205 DOI: 10.1200/go.23.00464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Head and neck cancer accounts for about one third of the global burden in India. Mucosal high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been hypothesized as a contributory risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC) but its prevalence in Indian patients is not well established. Therefore, this systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of HPV in HNC in India and their attributable fraction by considering the biomarkers of carcinogenesis, p16, and HPV E6/E7 mRNA. METHODS A systematic literature search was done in Medline via PubMed, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and Cochrane to identify studies on HPV and HNC in the Indian population, published between January 1990 and October 2022. Fifty-four eligible studies were identified and relevant clinical information was collected. Meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the pooled prevalence of HPV DNA, p16INK4a, and E6/E7 mRNA percent positivity by random-effect logistic regression model using Metapreg, STATA 18. RESULTS Thirty-four high-quality studies were taken for meta-analysis. The pooled prevalence of HPV in HNC was 20% (95% CI, 12 to 32) with a high level of heterogeneity (I2 = 90.79%). The proportion of HPV in oropharyngeal cancer (OPC; 22% [95% CI, 13 to 34]) and laryngeal cancer (LC; 29% [95% CI, 17 to 46]) was higher than in oral cancer (OC; 16% [95% CI, 8 to 30]). The HPV-attributable fraction of OPC, considering the E6/E7 mRNA and p16 positivity, was 12.54% and 9.68%, respectively, almost similar to LC (11.6% and 9.57%), while it was much lower in OC (3.36% and 4%). CONCLUSION The HPV-attributable fraction is considerably lower for OC, suggesting a negligible causative role of HPV in OC. A significant proportion of OPC and LC are attributed to HPV; however, their exact causative role is unclear because of the presence of other known risk factors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ranganathan Rama
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Tumour Registry, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
| | - Rajendran Madhanagopal
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Tumour Registry, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
| | | | - Rajaraman Swaminathan
- Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Tumour Registry, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, India
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Ghosh S, Kumar S, Chaudhary R, Guha P. High-Risk Human Papillomavirus Infection in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Larynx: A Study From a Tertiary Care Center in North India. Cureus 2023; 15:e34760. [PMID: 36909048 PMCID: PMC10005857 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.34760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Human papillomavirus (HPV) 16/18 infection has been considered as an important etiological factor for laryngeal carcinoma. Considering its impact on prognosis, it is important to understand the true prevalence of HPV-associated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) in the northeast region of India. Materials and methods A prospective observational study was conducted among patients with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in the department of otolaryngology of King George's Medical University (KGMU), Lucknow. Results In this study, the total number of cases was 62. HPV 16/18 positivity was higher (p=0.02) among the age group 31-40 years (40%) as compared to above 50 years (3.3%). HPV positivity was higher among females (50%) as compared to males (12.5%). Out of 34 tobacco smokers, HPV positivity was seen in 20.6% as compared to no positivity among patients without any history of addiction. HPV positivity was found in 19.6% of supraglottic cancer and no positivity among glottic cancer. HPV positivity was higher among the T1 stage of supraglottic carcinoma (40%) as compared to T3 (17.4%). In glottic cases, HPV positivity was nil in all T stages. Conclusion The association of tumor HPV status with laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma in females and young patients (<50 years) observed in our study is consistent with prior studies, and this reflects that HPV status should be considered in the design or analysis for the treatment of laryngeal cancer. We tried to highlight the importance of diagnosing HPV-positive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma at early stages of the disease and also added information about the prevalence of HPV-positive LSCC in this zone of the country. We have observed that laryngeal carcinoma from tobacco smokers contains transcriptionally active HPV and hence may act as a risk factor or act synergistically with HPV infection. Further studies with larger sample size are needed to clearly establish the association of HPV in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma and its impact on disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreshtha Ghosh
- Pathology, Kalyan Singh Super Speciality Cancer Institute, Lucknow, IND
| | - Sanjeev Kumar
- Otolaryngology, Rani Durgavati Medical College (RDMC), Banda, IND
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Chaudhary V, Chaudhary N, Mathews S, Singh RD. Human Papilloma Virus-Associated Oral Pharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: Prevalence, Prevention, and Awareness of Vaccination in the Indian Population. Crit Rev Oncog 2023; 28:63-72. [PMID: 37830216 DOI: 10.1615/critrevoncog.2023048944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV), one of the most common sexually transmitted infections, plays a pivotal role in head and neck cancer, primarily oral and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas. HPV is a vaccine-preventable disease that also contributes to cervical cancer. Although HPV vaccination effectively protects the individual against all HPV-associated human carcinomas, the awareness of HPV vaccination and its acceptance is poor in developing nations like India. India has a very high burden of oral cancer, and, unfortunately, the morbidity and mortality rates are also high as the cancer is often detected at an advanced stage. In this review, we explore the prevalence of HPV-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma among the Indian population and the awareness of HPV vaccination among Indian youth. Since the prognosis for HPV-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma is good, early diagnosis of the cancer is crucial in improving the outcome of the treatment modalities. Efforts are needed to create and increase awareness of HPV vaccination. Routine screening for HPV infection in oral mucosa can prevent the silent epidemic from taking the lives of many young people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vigi Chaudhary
- Amity Institute of Biotechnology, Amity University Rajasthan, Jaipur, India
| | - Naveen Chaudhary
- Department of Endodontics and Conservative Dentistry, Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur, India
| | | | - Ragini D Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rajkot, Gujarat, India
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Rathish D, Wijerathne B, Khan R. Human Papillomavirus-Associated Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma Among Adults Living in South-Central Asia: A Systematic Review. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:1814-1819. [PMID: 36452649 PMCID: PMC9702486 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-020-01842-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) related oral cancers are increasing and are associated with sexual risk behaviours. An increase in the incidence of oral cancer has been observed in South-central Asian countries. The objective was to systematically review the evidence on the association of HPV and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) among adults living in South-central Asia. We searched multiple databases and reference lists of relevant articles in December 2018. Quality assessment of the selected articles were done using the Newcastle-Ottawa quality assessment scale. Thirteen out of 150 articles met the eligibility criteria. Most studies were from India (10/13) followed by Pakistan (2/13) and Bangladesh (1/13). Half (7/13) of the studies found a positive association between HPV with OSCC. HPV 16, HPV 18 and HPV 16/18 were found to be the most common types implicated in HPV infection associated with OSCC. Moreover, buccal mucosa was the most common site of oral cancer. The review found equivocal evidence in relation to the association of HPV with oral squamous cell carcinoma among people living in South Asia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devarajan Rathish
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine and Allied Sciences, Rajarata University of Sri Lanka, Saliyapura, Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka
| | | | - Rabia Khan
- Commissioned Research and Engagement, The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney, NSW Australia
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Kirschnick LB, Schuch LF, Pérez‐de‐Oliveira ME, Normando AGC, Mariz BALA, Guerra ENS, Silveira FM, Vasconcelos ACU, Simonato LE, Khurram A, Lopes MA, Vargas PA, Martins MD, Santos‐Silva AR. Transcriptionally active HPV in OPMD and OSCC: a systematic review following the CAP/ASCO guidelines. Oral Dis 2022; 28:2309-2313. [DOI: 10.1111/odi.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Borges Kirschnick
- Oral Diagnosis Department Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Lauren Frenzel Schuch
- Oral Diagnosis Department Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Felipe Martins Silveira
- Molecular Pathology Area School of Dentistry Universidad de la República (UDELAR) Montevideo Uruguay
- Department of Oral Pathology Dental School Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | | | | | - Ali Khurram
- Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology School of Clinical Dentistry University of Sheffield Sheffield UK
| | - Márcio Ajudarte Lopes
- Oral Diagnosis Department Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Pablo Agustin Vargas
- Oral Diagnosis Department Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba SP Brazil
| | - Manoela Domingues Martins
- Oral Diagnosis Department Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba SP Brazil
- Department of Oral Pathology Dental School Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul Porto Alegre RS Brazil
| | - Alan Roger Santos‐Silva
- Oral Diagnosis Department Piracicaba Dental School Universidade Estadual de Campinas Piracicaba SP Brazil
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Low Frequency of Human Papillomavirus in Strictly Site-Coded Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas, Using the Latest NHI/SEER-ICD Systems: A Pilot Observational Study and Critical Review. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13184595. [PMID: 34572821 PMCID: PMC8472531 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13184595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary The incidence of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) has increased in the last decades, and this seems to be correlated to the infectious epidemiological trend of human papillomavirus (HPV). The prevalence of HPV-positive OPSCCs is approximately 70%, with involvement mainly of the tonsillar area. On the role of HPV in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), very few studies have investigated the prevalence of HPV in strictly site-codified OSCC, excluding the base of the tongue as distinct oropharyngeal entity. As a result, an inappropriate estimation of HPV infection in OSCC has been observed. We investigated HPV status, using a combination of detection methods, in a sample of 40 subjects with OSCC coded by the latest site classifications. Moreover, we performed a critical review of the studies with the same outcomes. The main finding of our investigation was a low frequency of HPV-positive OSCC, suggesting no significant HPV role in strictly oral carcinogenesis. Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate HPV status in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), as coded by the latest classifications and applying a combination of detection methods used in clinical practice. Forty-two patients with suspect OSCC were consecutively recruited. Patients underwent an incisional biopsy for histological OSCC diagnosis and HPV identification by PCR DNA and p16 IHC. All lesions were coded by the latest ICD-0-3.2 site/histology classifications, as proposed for OSCC by the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Programs. Moreover, a comparative analysis review, critically evaluated by the same site-coded systems and HPV detection methods, was performed. In 40 confirmed cases of OSCC, the frequency of HPV infection was 10% (4/40). Among positive patients, two cases were PCR DNA/p16 IHC positive (high-risk HPV 51, high-risk HPV 67), two cases were PCR DNA positive/p16 IHC negative (high-risk HPV 31 + 68, high-risk HPV 66). Applying the latest site coding systems for OSCC, the frequency of HPV infection in this study and in similar, reviewed investigations was low (from 3.3% to 12.5%). These results suggested no significant HPV role in oral carcinogenesis, particularly where an updated site-coded classification of OSCCs (categorically excluding the base of the tongue) had been performed.
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Krishna A, Singh V, Singh S, Kumar S, Kumar V, Mehrotra D, Singh US, Mahdi AA. Upregulated histone deacetylase 2 gene correlates with the progression of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Cancer Biomark 2021; 29:543-552. [PMID: 32865179 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-190729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are considered as an essential regulator of cellular proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. The HDAC2 enzyme of Class I HDACs plays an important role in tumor progression of human malignancies. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to analyze the HDAC2 gene expression in pre-oral cancer and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and its association with clinico-pathological features. METHODS The HDAC2 protein expression was analyzed through the immunohistochemistry and western blot techniques in 82 oral pre-malignant, 90 OSCC, and 16 normal control tissues. qRT-PCR was used to quantify the mRNA fold change in all groups. RESULTS The HDAC2 protein and mRNA levels were significantly higher in OSCC and pre-oral cancer groups compared to the controls. Immunostaining of HDAC2 protein was enhanced in 84.4% of OSCC and 67.1% of pre-cancerous tissue sections (p< 0.01). The mean protein level was analyzed as 1.96 ± 0.44 in oral carcinoma, 1.61 ± 0.39 in pre-cancer and 0.96 ± 0.10 in control tissues. In addition, HDAC2 mean protein level was associated with histological differentiation (OR = 25, p< 0.05) and tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) stages (OR = 6.2, p< 0.05) of OSCC patients. CONCLUSIONS The upregulated HDAC2 gene in pre-cancer and OSCC tissues indicates its crucial role in the transformation of pre-malignant to malignant carcinoma. It could be a potential cancer biomarker of prognosis and targeted therapy in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Krishna
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Vineeta Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Shraddha Singh
- Department of Physiology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Sachil Kumar
- Department of Forensic Sciences, College of Criminal Justice, Naif Arab University for Security Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Divya Mehrotra
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Uma Shankar Singh
- Department of Pathology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P, India
| | - Abbas Ali Mahdi
- Department of Biochemistry, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, U.P, India
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Current Updates on Cancer-Causing Types of Human Papillomaviruses (HPVs) in East, Southeast, and South Asia. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13112691. [PMID: 34070706 PMCID: PMC8198295 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13112691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Among the over 200 human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes identified, approximately 15 of them can cause human cancers. In this review, we provided an updated overview of the distribution of cancer-causing HPV genotypes by countries in East, Southeast and South Asia. Besides the standard screening and treatment methods employed in these regions, we unravel HPV detection methods and therapeutics utilised in certain countries that differ from other part of the world. The discrepancies may be partly due to health infrastructure, socio-economy and cultural diversities. Additionally, we highlighted the area lack of study, particularly on the oncogenicity of HPV genotype variants of high prevalence in these regions. Abstract Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection remains one of the most prominent cancer-causing DNA viruses, contributing to approximately 5% of human cancers. While association between HPV and cervical cancers has been well-established, evidence on the attribution of head and neck cancers (HNC) to HPV have been increasing in recent years. Among the cancer-causing HPV genotypes, HPV16 and 18 remain the major contributors to cancers across the globe. Nonetheless, the distribution of HPV genotypes in ethnically, geographically, and socio-economically diverse East, Southeast, and South Asia may differ from other parts of the world. In this review, we garner and provide updated insight into various aspects of HPV reported in recent years (2015–2021) in these regions. We included: (i) the HPV genotypes detected in normal cancers of the uterine cervix and head and neck, as well as the distribution of the HPV genotypes by geography and age groups; (ii) the laboratory diagnostic methods and treatment regimens used within these regions; and (iii) the oncogenic properties of HPV prototypes and their variants contributing to carcinogenesis. More importantly, we also unveil the similarities and discrepancies between these aspects, the areas lacking study, and the challenges faced in HPV studies.
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de Lima MAP, Cavalcante RB, da Silva CGL, Nogueira RLM, Macedo GEC, de Galiza LE, Pinheiro JV, Maia Filho PHB, Santos SF, Rabenhorst SHB. Evaluation of HPV and EBV in OSCC and the expression of p53, p16, E-cadherin, COX-2, MYC, and MLH1. Oral Dis 2021; 28:1104-1122. [PMID: 33660890 DOI: 10.1111/odi.13814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to evaluate the presence of human papillomavirus (HPV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and the expression of p53, p16, E-cadherin, COX-2, MLH1, and MYC in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). MATERIALS AND METHODS One hundred OSCC specimens were submitted to in situ hybridization for HPV and EBV, and immunohistochemistry for detection of the human proteins. RESULTS Thirty-one cases showed HPV in tumor tissue. EBV was not detected in any case investigated. The HPV(+) group demonstrated an increase of staining scores for nuclear p16 (p = .047), cytoplasmic MYC (p = .002), while a decrease for nuclear MLH1 (p = .048), suggesting that HPV may upregulate the expression of the first two proteins and down-regulate the latter. CONCLUSION Our findings reinforce the hypothesis of the HPV-related oral carcinogenesis involving the expression of p16 and MYC, and MLH1 suppression. Exclusively cytoplasmic stainings for p16, MLH1, and MYC were also associated with more advanced tumors. Finally, in view of the lack of studies correlating the HPV or EBV infection to the expression of oncoproteins, more researches assessing a broader panel of markers and employing different approaches are still necessary in order to understand the role of these viruses as well as the molecular mechanisms involved in the development and progression of oral carcinomas.
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Nandi S, Mandal A, Chhebbi M. The prevalence and clinicopathological correlation of human papillomavirus in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma in India: A systematic review article. Cancer Treat Res Commun 2020; 26:100301. [PMID: 33401132 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctarc.2020.100301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) pose a great danger to society and now we have shreds of evidence for Human Papillomavirus (HPV) being one of the major causative agents for it. Though the prevalence of HPV varies throughout the world, it is gradually on the rise. The present systematic review aims to retrospect all the available studies on the prevalence of HPV in HNSCC in India and its clinicopathological aspect to study how it is different from HPV negative HNSCC. METHODS An objective electronic database search was conducted in PUBMED Central, MeSH, NLM Catalog, Bookshelf, and PUBMED published in 25 years period from 1994 till 2019. A total of 33 articles were shortlisted for the present review. RESULTS Studies conducted across India show the prevalence of HPV in Head and Neck Cancers ranging from 0-86.6%. Some studies reported that HPV positive HNSCC is more common in younger age, presents with advanced stage disease, and more commonly presents with nodal metastasis. As opposed to western literature HPV positive HNSCC in India is associated with a well-differentiated tumor grade. There is no difference in treatment outcome and survival among HPV positive and negative HNSCC. CONCLUSION Exact prevalence of HPV in HNSCC is still doubtful but now we have some insight into it. The prevalence of HPV in Indian HNSCC patients has risen gradually but treatment outcome and survival may be poorer compared to other countries. However definite conclusions cannot be drawn without proper prospective study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sourabh Nandi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.
| | - Amitabha Mandal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.
| | - Madiwalesh Chhebbi
- Department of Surgical Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, India.
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Kumar V, Mukharjee S, Akhtar N, Rajan S, Chaturvedi A, Misra S, Gupta S, Prakash P, Das S. Tongue Flap Reconstruction in Carcinoma of Oral Cavity: An Institutional Experience. J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2019; 18:428-431. [PMID: 31371886 DOI: 10.1007/s12663-018-1123-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/11/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Abundant blood supply of tongue permits various flap designs and makes it a good choice for reconstructing defects following resection of oral cancer. Aim We aim to evaluate the reliability of tongue flap for small- and medium-size defects after resection of oral cancer in terms of viability, complications, and functional outcome. Methods In this retrospective analysis, patients reconstructed with lateral tongue flaps after resection of oral cavity carcinoma from May 2011 to December 2017 were included. Results Forty-two patients underwent tongue flap reconstruction during the study period. Median size of defect was 3.5 cm. Out of 42 patients, 27 had carcinoma of buccal mucosa and 8 had carcinoma of lower alveolus. Mandibular resection was performed in 30 patients. Neck was addressed in all 42 patients. Supraomohyoid neck dissection was done in 12 patients, while others had comprehensive neck dissection. Average time to harvest flap was 25 min. There was no flap loss in the postoperative period. Three patients each developed flap tip necrosis and minor orocutaneous fistula that were managed conservatively. Subjective functional outcome was good to satisfactory in most patients (88%). Conclusion Lateral tongue flap is a simple reliable flap for reconstruction of small- and medium-sized defects following resection of oral cavity cancers in terms of low morbidity and satisfactory functional outcomes. It obviates the need of distant tissue transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Kumar
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sourabh Mukharjee
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Naseem Akhtar
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Shiv Rajan
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Arun Chaturvedi
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Sameer Gupta
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Puneet Prakash
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Satyabrata Das
- 1Department of Surgical Oncology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
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Pal P, Halder A. Is There Any Role of Arsenic Toxicity in HPV Related Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma? Biol Trace Elem Res 2019; 188:274-283. [PMID: 29959645 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-018-1419-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/20/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Arsenic is a potent human carcinogen affecting the rate of cancer deaths worldwide. In India, West Bengal is the worst affected state by arsenic. To our best knowledge, this is the first study relating arsenic toxicity with oral carcinoma, along with HPV infection, the latter being well established in western countries. To find out a possible correlation between arsenic toxicity and oral carcinoma in the population of West Bengal, in or without any association with human papilloma virus infection. Ethical clearance of this study was obtained from the institutional committee. One hundred and four malignant and 103 premalignant cases were selected for this study along with 200 healthy age and sex-matched individuals selected as control (100 each for malignant and premalignant) (2013-2017). On proper consent, their buccal swab and hair samples were assessed for the presence of HPV DNA by DNA extraction, followed by PCR and arsenic estimation by flow injection hydride generation atomic absorption spectrometry respectively. A very highly significant correlation has been observed between arsenic toxicity, HPV infection and the occurrence of oral carcinoma (p value = 2.18e-06; p value = 0.00100 respectively). A correlation has also been observed between these two factors simultaneously, contributing to this malignancy (phi coefficient = 0.2194839). A statistically significant correlation observed between this metal toxicity and viral infection in the occurrence of oral carcinoma in this population indicates a possible symbiotic role between these two factors in this malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Pal
- Department of Genetics, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, 99 Sarat Bose Road, Kolkata, 700026, India
| | - Ajanta Halder
- Department of Genetics, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, 99 Sarat Bose Road, Kolkata, 700026, India.
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14
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Prevalence and Impact of Human Papillomavirus on Head and Neck Cancers: Review of Indian Studies. Indian J Surg Oncol 2018; 9:568-575. [PMID: 30538390 DOI: 10.1007/s13193-018-0813-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 08/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is an important emerging etiology for head and neck cancers (HNCs) worldwide. Considering its impact on prognosis, it is important to understand the true prevalence of HPV-associated HNCs in India. This article reviews the prevalence of HPV-related HNCs across various studies in India where the population is predominantly tobacco users, and studies its outcomes with respect to HPV.
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15
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Pal P, Raychowdhury R, Basu S, Gure PK, Das S, Halder A. Cytogenetic and micronuclei study of human papillomavirus-related oral squamous cell carcinoma. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2018; 22:335-340. [PMID: 30651677 PMCID: PMC6306614 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_269_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association of human papilloma viral infection in oral squamous cell carcinoma is well studied in the Western countries, but its correlation with DNA damage in the form of micronuclei (MN) formation, ceased apoptosis or presence of chromosomal abnormalities has not yet been studied. AIM The aim of this study is to find any possible correlation between human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and cytogenetic damage in the oral malignant and premalignant population of West Bengal. SETTINGS AND DESIGN A total of 104 malignant and 103 premalignant cases were selected along with 200 controls. METHODS The buccal smear samples were Pap stained for the detection of MN, apoptosis frequency and koilocytes. The buccal swab samples were processed for DNA extraction followed by polymerase chain reaction for the detection of HPV DNA. The peripheral venous blood samples were processed for the detection of any chromosomal abnormality, by the method of human leukocyte culture followed by Giemsa staining. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED Correlation analysis using GraphPad Prism software was used in this study. RESULTS About 34.6%, 42.3% and 6.73% of malignant and 6.79%, 3.88% and 20.38% of premalignant cases showed the presence of HPV DNA, koilocytes and apoptosis, respectively. The difference between the MN frequencies of premalignant and malignant oral lesions with the control group is significant with respect to various risk factors (P < 0.05). One percentage of malignant cases showed the presence of chromosomal break. CONCLUSION A considerable percentage of malignant cases showing the presence of koilocytes and viral DNA may indicate the effect of HPV infection leading to the malignancy, which can be correlated with the MN and apoptosis frequency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritha Pal
- Department of Genetics, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ranjan Raychowdhury
- Department of Otolaryngology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhasis Basu
- Department of Pathology, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Prasanta Kumar Gure
- Department of Otolaryngology, R. G. Kar Medical College and Hospital, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Suman Das
- Department of Oral Maxillo Facial and Surgery, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Ajanta Halder
- Department of Genetics, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Ramakrishna Mission Seva Pratishthan, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
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16
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Krishna A, Bhatt MLB, Singh V, Singh S, Gangwar PK, Singh US, Kumar V, Mehrotra D. Differential Expression of c-fos Proto-Oncogene in Normal Oral Mucosa versus Squamous Cell Carcinoma. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018; 19:867-874. [PMID: 29582647 PMCID: PMC5980868 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2018.19.3.867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The c-Fos nuclear protein dimerizes with Jun family proteins to form the transcription factor AP-1 complex which participates in signal transduction and regulation of normal cellular processes. In tumorigenesis, c-Fos promotes invasive growth through down-regulation of tumor suppressor genes but its role in oral carcinogenesis is not clear. Objectives: This study concerned c-fos gene expression in normal and malignant tissues of the oral cavity, with attention to associations between expression status and clinico-pathological profiles of OSCC patients. Method: A total of 65 histopathologically confirmed OSCC tissue samples were included in case group along with an equal number of age and sex-matched normal tissue samples of oral cavity for the control group. c-Fos protein and m-RNA expressions were analyzed using immunohistochemistry and qRT-PCR, respectively. Results: A significant low expression of c-Fos protein was observed in OSCC cases than normal control subjects (p= <0.001). The mean percent positivity of c-Fos protein in cases vs. controls was 24.91± 2.7 vs. 49.68± 2.2 (p= <0.001). Most OSCC tissue samples showed weak or moderate c-Fos expression whereas 53.8% of normal tissue sections presented with strong immunostaining. Moreover, the relative m-RNA expression for the c-fos gene was significantly decreased in case group (0.93± 0.48) as compared to the control group (1.22± 0.87). Majority of c-Fos positive cases were diagnosed with well developed tumor. The mean percent positivity of c-Fos protein was significantly lower in higher grade tumor as compared with normal oral mucosa (p= < 0.001). Conclusion: The present study suggested that the c-fos gene is downregulated in oral carcinomas. The disparity of c-Fos protein levels in different pathological grades of tumor and normal oral tissue samples may indicate that loss of c-Fos expression is related with the progression of OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akhilesh Krishna
- Department of Physiology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, U.P., India.
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17
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Development of a New Outcome Prediction Model in Early-stage Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oral Cavity Based on Histopathologic Parameters With Multivariate Analysis: The Aditi-Nuzhat Lymph-node Prediction Score (ANLPS) System. Am J Surg Pathol 2017; 41:950-960. [PMID: 28346327 DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the histopathologic parameters that predict lymph node metastasis in patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and to design a new assessment score on the basis of these parameters that could ultimately allow for changes in treatment decisions or aid clinicians in deciding whether there is a need for close follow-up or to perform early lymph node dissection. Histopathologic parameters of 336 cases of OSCC with stage cT1/T2 N0M0 disease were analyzed. The location of the tumor and the type of surgery used for the management of the tumor were recorded for all patients. The parameters, including T stage, grading of tumor, tumor budding, tumor thickness, depth of invasion, shape of tumor nest, lymphoid response at tumor-host interface and pattern of invasion, eosinophilic reaction, foreign-body giant cell reaction, lymphovascular invasion, and perineural invasion, were examined. Ninety-two patients had metastasis in lymph nodes. On univariate and multivariate analysis, independent variables for predicting lymph node metastasis in descending order were depth of invasion (P=0.003), pattern of invasion (P=0.007), perineural invasion (P=0.014), grade (P=0.028), lymphovascular invasion (P=0.038), lymphoid response (P=0.037), and tumor budding (P=0.039). We designed a scoring system on the basis of these statistical results and tested it. Cases with scores ranging from 7 to 11, 12 to 16, and ≥17 points showed LN metastasis in 6.4%, 22.8%, and 77.1% of cases, respectively. The difference between these 3 groups in relation to nodal metastasis was very significant (P<0.0001). A patient at low risk for lymph node metastasis (score, 7 to 11) had a 5-year survival of 93%, moderate-risk patients (score, 12 to 16) had a 5-year survival of 67%, and high-risk patients (score, 17 to 21) had a 5-year survival of 39%. The risk of lymph node metastasis in OSCC is influenced by many histologic parameters that are not routinely analyzed in pathologic reports. These significant independent factors were graded to design a scoring system that permits accurate evaluation of the risk of metastasis with accuracy independent of the traditional TNM system or isolated histologic parameters. The need for neck node dissection can be predicted depending upon the scores obtained.
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18
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Husain N, Neyaz A. Human papillomavirus associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma: Controversies and new concepts. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2017; 7:198-205. [PMID: 29124000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) is a causative agent for an increasing subset of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma. HPV 16 accounts for 90% of cases. The chance for malignant transformation due to infection with high-risk HPV is proportional to the expression of the viral oncogene products E6 and E7, which inactivate p53 and retinoblastoma (Rb) tumor suppressor functions. P16 is a surrogate marker of HPV associated HNSCC and 2+/3+ expression in more than 75% cells is diagnostic. Molecular demonstration of integrated virus by in situ hybridization is specific but has low sensitivity. HPV associated oropharyngeal carcinomas classically arise in the tonsillar crypts and commonly have basaloid morphology with a prominent lymphocytic repsonse and minimal despmoplastic reaction. In situ vs invasive carcinomas may be difficult to distinguish in histology. The HPV postitivity overrides traditional prognostic indicators such as tumour grade and histological subtype. Small cell morphology carries a poorer prognosis as does marked tumour anaplasia and multinucleation. Lymph node metastasis is extensive and frequently cystic however extranodal extension, laterality or nodal sizes do not carry prognostic implications as in conventional OSCC and OPSCC. Stage IV is reserved for distant metastasis. HPV-16-positive patients had significantly reduced overall and disease-specific mortality rates and an improved 3-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) compared to patients with HPV negative tumors. Surgical treatment is the main option for primary and secondary HNSCC. Targeted therapies including drugs targeting EGFR and PIK3CA and have shown some promising results. HPV pathway expressing tumors are less aggressive and may receive adequate curative intent therapy from a reduced radiation or chemotherapy dose revision. OSCC however fails to show a distinct difference between HPV associated and tobaccco associated cancer and prognostic differences do not clearly exist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Azfar Neyaz
- Department of Pathology, Dr Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
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19
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Murthy V, Calcuttawala A, Chadha K, d’Cruz A, Krishnamurthy A, Mallick I, Nair S, Teni T, Pawar S, Talapatra K, Patil A, Bhatt A, Chatterjee S, Swain M, Narayanan P, Ghadyalpatil N, Singhal M, Kuriakose M, Prabhash K, Agarwal J, Parikh P. Human papillomavirus in head and neck cancer in India: Current status and consensus recommendations. South Asian J Cancer 2017; 6:93-98. [PMID: 28975111 PMCID: PMC5615888 DOI: 10.4103/sajc.sajc_96_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) associated head and neck squamous cell cancers (HNSCC) have become increasingly common in the West, but the same cannot be said about India. These cancers have a different biology and confer a better prognosis, however, its current role in the management of patients in India is not clearly defined. At the 35th Indian Cooperative Oncology Network conference held in September 2016, a panel of radiation, surgical and medical oncologists, pathologists, and basic scientists from across the country having experience in clinical research with respect to HPV in HNSCC reviewed the available literature from India. All the ideas and facts were thereafter collated in this report. Various topics of controversy in dealing with the diagnosis and management of HPV-associated HNSCC have been highlighted in this report in context to the Indian scenario. Furthermore, the prevalence of the same and its association with tobacco and high-risk sexual behavior has been touched on. Conclusively, a set of recommendations has been proposed by the panel to guide the practicing oncologists of the country while dealing with HPV-associated HNSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedang Murthy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Adnan Calcuttawala
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Kirti Chadha
- Department of Oncopathology, Metropolis Healthcare Ltd., Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Anil d’Cruz
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Cancer Institute (WIA), Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Arvind Krishnamurthy
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Indranil Mallick
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Sudhir Nair
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Tanuja Teni
- Teni Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sagar Pawar
- Teni Lab, Advanced Centre for Treatment, Research and Education in Cancer, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Asawari Patil
- Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Amit Bhatt
- Department of Medical Oncology, Avinash Cancer Clinic, Pune, Maharashtra, India
| | - Sanjoy Chatterjee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Medical Centre, Kolkata, West Bengal, India
| | - Monali Swain
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prasad Narayanan
- Department of Medical Oncology, Cytecare Cancer Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Nikhil Ghadyalpatil
- Department of Medical Oncology, Yashoda Cancer Institute, Somajiguda, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Manish Singhal
- Department of Medical Oncology, Indraprastha Apollo Hospitals, New Delhi, India
| | - Moni Kuriakose
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Mazumdar-Shaw Cancer Center, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Kumar Prabhash
- Department of Medical Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Jaiprakash Agarwal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Tata Memorial Centre, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Purvish Parikh
- Department of Medical Oncology, Asian Institute of Oncology, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
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20
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Ribeiro MGM, Marcolino LD, Ramos BRDA, Miranda EA, Trento CL, Jain S, Gurgel RQ, Silva MGD, Dolabella SS. High prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral mucosal lesions of patients at the Ambulatory of Oral Diagnosis of the Federal University of Sergipe, Northeastern Brazil. J Appl Oral Sci 2017; 25:69-74. [PMID: 28198978 PMCID: PMC5289402 DOI: 10.1590/1678-77572016-0313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral carcinogenesis is still controversial as detection rates of the virus in oral cavity reported in the literature varies greatly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Goveia Melo Ribeiro
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | - Larissa Doddi Marcolino
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Patologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | | | - Elaine Alves Miranda
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Departamento de Odontologia, Aracaju, SE, Brasil
| | | | - Sona Jain
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
| | | | - Márcia Guimarães da Silva
- Universidade Estadual Paulista, Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Departamento de Patologia, Botucatu, SP, Brasil
| | - Silvio Santana Dolabella
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Laboratório de Entomologia e Parasitologia Tropical, Departamento de Morfologia, São Cristóvão, SE, Brasil
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21
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Hosseini SZ, Makvandi M, Samarbafzade A, Timori A, Ranjbar N, Saki N, Nisi N, Shahani T, Varnaseri M, Angali Ahmadi K. Frequency of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 Detection
in Paraffin- Embedded Laryngeal Carcinoma Tissue. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2017; 18:889-893. [PMID: 28545184 PMCID: PMC5494237 DOI: 10.22034/apjcp.2017.18.4.889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective: Human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 and HPV18 have been detected in head and neck
squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCC) and there is evidence that detection of HPVs would have better prognostic value
than patients with HNSCC negative for HPVs. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate frequency of HPV 16 and HPV
18 genotypes in patients with laryngeal carcinoma. Materials and methods: Fifty formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded
(FFPE) tissue blocks of laryngeal cancers were collected. Sections were prepared at 5 μm and DNA was extracted from
each sample and subjected to the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to detect HPV-16/18 DNA s. Results: All samples
were squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs). Overall 14/50 (28%) were positive for HPVs, 8 (18%) with HPV-16 and 6
(12%) with HPV-18. Additionally, 2 (4%) mixed infections of HPV 16 and 18 genotypes were observed among these
cases. Conclusions: Overall, 28% of HNSCC samples proved positive for HPV16 and HPV18 genotypes, two high-risk
HPV types. It is important to further assess whether such viral infection, could be a risk factor in HNSCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Zinab Hosseini
- Health Research Institute; Infectious and Tropical Disease Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran.
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22
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Sarkar S, Alam N, Chakraborty J, Biswas J, Mandal SS, Roychoudhury S, Panda CK. Human papilloma virus (HPV) infection leads to the development of head and neck lesions but offers better prognosis in malignant Indian patients. Med Microbiol Immunol 2017; 206:267-276. [PMID: 28343330 DOI: 10.1007/s00430-017-0502-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 03/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Head and neck cancers constitute a multifactorial global disease burden and are associated with human papilloma virus (HPV) as a possible risk factor. The aim of the study is to understand the relationship between HPV and the development of head and neck lesions in Indian patients. To this end, frequency of HPV was assessed in relation to different demographic and etiological features and correlated with patient survival. The prevalence of HPV significantly increased from mild dysplastic lesions (43.6%) to head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) stage IV (68.5%) with HPV 16 being pre-dominant in both dysplasia (43.8%) and HNSCC (61.5%). Similar trend was observed in increasing grades of the tumour. In invasive lesions, patients aged below the median age of onset showed significantly higher occurrence of HPV than those above it. Patients harbouring HPV showed a significantly better survival irrespective of age of onset. Likewise, better survival was observed in tobacco habit negative/HPV-positive patients, and as reflected in both univariate and multivariate analysis. Majority of the HPV 16-positive samples showed moderate/high nuclear expression of HPV E6 and E7 proteins in tumours and respective basal layer of adjacent normal tissues. Thus, our data indicate that frequent HPV infection, along with tobacco habit, is a pre-requisite factor for the development of HNSCC of Indian patients but offers a better survival even during tobacco usage, implicating its diagnostic and prognostic importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreya Sarkar
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, India
| | - Neyaz Alam
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Jayanta Chakraborty
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Jaydip Biswas
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Syam Sundar Mandal
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Susanta Roychoudhury
- Basic Research, Saroj Gupta Cancer Centre and Research Institute, Kolkata, India
| | - Chinmay Kumar Panda
- Department of Oncogene Regulation, Chittaranjan National Cancer Institute, 37, S.P. Mukherjee Road, Kolkata, 700026, India.
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23
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Singh V, Husain N, Akhtar N, Khan MY, Sonkar AA, Kumar V. p16 and p53 in HPV-positive versus HPV-negative oral squamous cell carcinoma: do pathways differ? J Oral Pathol Med 2017; 46:744-751. [DOI: 10.1111/jop.12562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vineeta Singh
- Department of Pathology; Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow UP India
- Department of Biotechnology; Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University; Lucknow UP India
| | - Nuzhat Husain
- Department of Pathology; Dr. Ram Manohar Lohia Institute of Medical Sciences; Lucknow UP India
| | - Naseem Akhtar
- Department of Surgical Oncology; King George's Medical University; Lucknow UP India
| | - Mohammad Yahia Khan
- Department of Biotechnology; Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University; Lucknow UP India
| | - Abhinav A. Sonkar
- Department of Surgery; King George's Medical University; Lucknow UP India
| | - Vijay Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology; King George's Medical University; Lucknow UP India
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24
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Smitha T, Mohan CV, Hemavathy S. Prevalence of human papillomavirus16 DNA and p16 INK4a protein in oral squamous cell carcinoma: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2017; 21:76-81. [PMID: 28479691 PMCID: PMC5406823 DOI: 10.4103/jomfp.jomfp_248_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Indian patients with oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) are etiologically associated with the use of tobacco and alcohol; yet, a proportion of tumors that may harbor human papillomavirus (HPV) infections cannot be neglected. The following meta-analysis was conducted to address the association of p16INK4a and HPV DNA with OSCC. In addition, the study also provides the updated prevalence of HPV-induced OSCC. MATERIALS AND METHODS Literature survey was performed using databases such as PubMed with the help of the following keywords - "HPV infection," "oral squamous cell carcinoma," "p16INK4a," "HPV DNA," "E6," "E7," "L1," "L2" and "LCR." Proportion method was performed to derive the forest plot using MedCalc statistical software version 16.4.3. RESULTS Among 145 research articles, 33 articles were selected for further analysis, in which 13 articles were related to HPV DNA detection in tissues, 11 articles detected the overexpression of p16INK4a and nine articles reported the detection of both HPV DNA and p16INK4a expression. Meta-analysis revealed significant heterogeneity (P < 0.0001) among the articles. Overall, the study consisted of 3339 patients with OSCC, among which 559 patients were diagnosed with the presence of HPV16 DNA with a random proportion of 20.1% at 95% confidence interval (CI) (13.9-27.1, P < 0.0001). Overexpression of p16INK4a protein was observed in 709 patients with a random proportion of 25.4% at 95% CI (14.3-38.3, P < 0.0001). CONCLUSION HPV DNA and expression of p16INK4a was suggested as gold standard for the detection of HPV infection in many cases of cancers. Frequency of HPV infection is significantly higher in patients with OSCC as identified through the detection of HPV DNA and p16INK4a expression. Even though the association of HPV infection has been established in head and neck cancer, this review could further the establishment of molecular level interaction of HPV in patients with oral cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Smitha
- Department of Oral Pathology, VS Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - C V Mohan
- Dental Care and Research Centre, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - S Hemavathy
- Department of Oral Pathology, Sri Rajiv Gandhi College of Dental Science, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
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