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Agnihotri TG, Jadhav GS, Sahu B, Jain A. Recent trends of bioconjugated nanomedicines through nose-to-brain delivery for neurological disorders. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:3104-3120. [PMID: 35570262 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01173-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The global burden of neurological disorders has been increasing day by day which calls for immediate attention to the solutions. Novel drug delivery systems are one of the alternatives that we count on to counteract these disorders. As the blood-brain barrier creates a significant hindrance to the delivery of drugs across the endothelium lining of the brain, nose-to-brain delivery has been the favorite option to administer such drugs. In recent times, bioconjugation has been viewed as a rapidly growing area in the field of pharmaceuticals. The pharmaceutical industry and academic research are investing significantly in bioconjugated structures as an attractive and advantageous potential aid to nanoparticulate delivery systems, with all of its flexible benefits in terms of tailor grafting and custom design as well as overcoming the majority of their drawbacks. This review discusses drug delivery via the intranasal route and gives insight into bioconjugation systems for drug molecules, their chemistry, and benefits over other systems. Conjugation of drugs/macromolecules with peptides, carbohydrates, ligands, and nucleic acids has also been discussed in detail. The figure represents few types of novel drug delivery systems and molecules that have been attempted by researchers for nose-to-brain delivery through nasal (mucosal) route for the effective management of epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, brain cancer, and other brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tejas Girish Agnihotri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Govinda Shivaji Jadhav
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Bichismita Sahu
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India
| | - Aakanchha Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER)-Ahmedabad, Palaj, Gandhinagar, 382355, Gujarat, India.
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Pandya T, Dharamsi A. Preparation and Optimization of Leuprolide Acetate Nanoparticles Using Response Surface Methodology: In Vitro and Ex Vivo Evaluation. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2022; 20:237-249. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2022.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tosha Pandya
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, L. J. Institute of Pharmacy, L J University, Sarkhej, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
| | - Abhay Dharamsi
- Parul Institute of Pharmacy, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India
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Dalvi AV, Ravi PR, Uppuluri CT, Mahajan RR, Katke SV, Deshpande VS. Thermosensitive nasal in situ gelling systems of rufinamide formulated using modified tamarind seed xyloglucan for direct nose-to-brain delivery: design, physical characterization, and in vivo evaluation. JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL INVESTIGATION 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s40005-020-00505-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Annu, Baboota S, Ali J. Combination antipsychotics therapy for schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders interventions: Emergence to nanotechnology and herbal drugs. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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González LF, Acuña E, Arellano G, Morales P, Sotomayor P, Oyarzun-Ampuero F, Naves R. Intranasal delivery of interferon-β-loaded nanoparticles induces control of neuroinflammation in a preclinical model of multiple sclerosis: A promising simple, effective, non-invasive, and low-cost therapy. J Control Release 2020; 331:443-459. [PMID: 33220325 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease affecting the central nervous system (CNS). Interferon (IFN)-β constitutes one of the first-line therapies to treat MS, but has limited efficacy due to the injectable systemic administration, short half-life, and limited CNS access. To address these limitations, we developed IFN-β-loaded chitosan/sulfobutylether-β-cyclodextrin nanoparticles (IFN-β-NPs) for delivery of IFN-β into the CNS via the intranasal (i.n.) route. The nanoparticles (NPs) (≈200 nm, polydispersity ≈0.1, and zeta potential ≈20 mV) were prepared by mixing two aqueous solutions and associated human or murine IFN-β with high efficiency (90%). Functional in vitro assays showed that IFN-β-NPs were safe and that IFN-β was steadily released while retaining biological activity. Biodistribution analysis showed an early and high fluorescence in the brain after nasal administration of fluorescent probe-loaded NPs. Remarkably, mice developing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), an experimental model of MS, exhibited a significant improvement of clinical symptoms in response to intranasal IFN-β-NPs (inIFN-β-NPs), whereas a similar dose of intranasal or systemic free IFN-β had no effect. Importantly, inIFN-β-NPs treatment was equally effective despite a reduction of 78% in the total amount of weekly administered IFN-β. Spinal cords obtained from inIFN-β-NPs-treated EAE mice showed fewer inflammatory foci and demyelination, lower expression of antigen-presenting and costimulatory proteins on CD11b+ cells, and lower astrocyte and microglia activation than control mice. Therefore, IFN-β treatment at tested doses was effective in promoting clinical recovery and control of neuroinflammation in EAE only when associated with NPs. Overall, inIFN-β-NPs represent a potential, effective, non-invasive, and low-cost therapy for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis F González
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Eric Acuña
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Gabriel Arellano
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paola Morales
- Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences and Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Paula Sotomayor
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Oyarzun-Ampuero
- Departamento de Ciencias y Tecnología Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile; Advanced Center for Chronic Diseases (ACCDiS), Santiago, Chile.
| | - Rodrigo Naves
- Program of Immunology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
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Radaic A, Martins-de-Souza D. The state of the art of nanopsychiatry for schizophrenia diagnostics and treatment. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2020; 28:102222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2020.102222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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Analyzing Nanotheraputics-Based Approaches for the Management of Psychotic Disorders. J Pharm Sci 2019; 108:3757-3768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2019.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Abstract
In the treatment of brain diseases, most potent drugs that have been developed exhibit poor therapeutic outcomes resulting from the inability of a therapeutic amount of the drug to reach the brain. These drugs do not exhibit targeted drug delivery mechanisms, resulting in a high concentration of the drugs in vital organs leading to drug toxicity. Chitosan (CS) is a natural-based polymer. It has unique properties such as good biodegradability, biocompatibility, mucoadhesive properties, and it has been approved for biomedical applications. It has been used to develop nanocarriers for brain targeting via intranasal administration. Nanocarriers such as nanoparticles, in situ gels, nanoemulsions, and liposomes have been developed. In vitro and in vivo studies revealed that these nanocarriers exhibited enhanced drug uptake to the brain with reduced side effects resulting from the prolonged contact time of the nanocarriers with the nasal mucosa, the surface charge of the nanocarriers, the nano size of the nanocarriers, and their capability to stretch the tight junctions within the nasal mucosa. The aforementioned unique properties make chitosan a potential material for the development of nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery to the brain. This review will focus on chitosan-based carriers for brain targeting.
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