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Ghayda RA, Hong SH, Yang JW, Jeong GH, Lee KH, Kronbichler A, Solmi M, Stubbs B, Koyanagi A, Jacob L, Oh H, Kim JY, Shin JI, Smith L. A Review of Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Adherence among Female Sex Workers. Yonsei Med J 2020; 61:349-358. [PMID: 32390358 PMCID: PMC7214109 DOI: 10.3349/ymj.2020.61.5.349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally and in Africa specifically, female sex workers (FSWs) are at an extraordinarily high risk of contracting human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has emerged as an effective and ethical method with which to prevent HIV infection among FSWs. PrEP efficacy is, however, closely linked to adherence, and adherence to PrEP among FSWs is a complex and interrelated process that has been shown to be of importance to public health policies and HIV control and intervention programs. This comprehensive review categorizes barriers to and facilitators of adherence to HIV PrEP for FSWs, and describes five strategies for promoting PrEP adherence among FSWs. These strategies encompass 1) a long-term educational effort to decrease the stigma associated with sex work and PrEP use, 2) education on how PrEP works, 3) lifestyle modification, 4) research on next-generation PrEP products to address the inconvenience of taking daily pills, and 5) integration of PrEP into existing services, such as social services and routine primary care visits, to reduce the economic burden of seeking the medication. Our review is expected to be useful for the design of future PrEP intervention programs. Multidisciplinary intervention should be considered to promote PrEP adherence among FSWs in order to help control the HIV epidemic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramy Abou Ghayda
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sung Hwi Hong
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
- Division of Urology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Jae Won Yang
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| | - Gwang Hun Jeong
- College of Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea
| | - Keum Hwa Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Andreas Kronbichler
- Department of Internal Medicine IV (Nephrology and Hypertension), Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Marco Solmi
- Department of Neuroscience, Padova Neuroscience Center (PNC), University of Padua, Padua, Italy
| | - Brendon Stubbs
- Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
- South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, Denmark Hill, London, UK
- Faculty of Health, Social Care and Education, Anglia Ruskin University, Chelmsford, UK
| | - Ai Koyanagi
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- ICREA, Pg. Lluis Companys 23, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Louis Jacob
- Parc Sanitari Sant Joan de Déu/CIBERSAM, Universitat de Barcelona, Fundació Sant Joan de Déu, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines, Montigny-le-Bretonneux, France
| | - Hans Oh
- School of Social Work, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Jae Il Shin
- Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| | - Lee Smith
- The Cambridge Centre for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK
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