Aneurysmal bone cyst arising from a giant cell tumor of the calcaneus

Primary tumours of the calcaneus

The calcaneus is a rare location for the occurrence and development of primary tumour types. Clinicians are unfamiliar with calcaneal tumour types, which may result in a delay in diagnosis or a missed diagnosis, resulting in unnecessary morbidity and amputation. Heel pain and localized swelling of the ankle are the most common symptoms. X-ray is the first choice for a tentative diagnosis of a calcaneal tumour. The final diagnosis depends on a histological examination. The treatment of calcaneal tumour types varies depending on the Enneking system. The majority of patients with benign tumours heal, except for a few with a palindromia. For malignant tumours, the prognosis is comparatively poor, resulting in disability and a high rate of metastasis. This review describes the spectrum of calcaneal tumour types and specifically illustrates the epidemiology, symptomatology, imagology, histopathology and treatment options that may facilitate diagnosis and improve prognosis.

Giant cell tumor of the patella with a secondary aneurysmal bone cyst: A case report

The substance of the patella is an uncommon location for tumor occurrence and development. The present study reports a case of giant cell tumor (GCT) of the patella, combined with an aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC). To the best of our knowledge, this is the second report of GCT with ABC published in English. GCT is the most common type of benign tumor. Secondary ABC is frequently associated with GCT, but this symbiotic tumor rarely occurs in the patella. A 27-year-old male patient was examined at the outpatient clinic, and clinicopathological characteristics of the tumor were observed. X-ray and computed tomography (CT) scans revealed a lytic lesion located in the center of the right patella. Curettage, followed by autogenic and allograft bone grafting, was performed. Histopathologically, the lesion was diagnosed as a GCT with secondary ABC. No recurrence or metastasis was identified during the 1-year follow-up period. The present study reports a case of GCT with secondary ABC, and discusses the rare location and histopathological type of this tumor, in order to improve diagnosis and treatment of patellar tumors in general.

Xanthoma of a calcaneus

Primary xanthoma in foot bones is an extremely rare event. In an individual without a family history of hyperlipemia, it is even a rarer finding. One case of a xanthoma of a calcaneus is presented in an otherwise asymptomatic 19-year-old normal lipidemic female. The previous literature is reviewed. The clinical findings and treatment course are presented.

Aneurysmal bone cyst of the fibula

Aneurysmal bone cysts are benign, expansile lesions that are not at all uncommon in the lower extremity. These lesions are difficult to recognize clinically. This paper is a thorough review of the current literature regarding aneurysmal bone cysts. After this review, one should be able to diagnose and appropriately treat aneurysmal bone cysts. Also provided is a case report with classic histologic, clinical, and radiographic findings that was treated by en bloc resection.