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Reverter M, Jackson M, Rohde S, Moeller M, Bara R, Lasut MT, Segre Reinach M, Schupp PJ. High taxonomic resolution surveys and trait-based analyses reveal multiple benthic regimes in North Sulawesi (Indonesia). Sci Rep 2021; 11:16554. [PMID: 34400684 PMCID: PMC8367970 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95905-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
As coral reef communities change and reorganise in response to increasing disturbances, there is a growing need for understanding species regimes and their contribution to ecosystem processes. Using a case study on coral reefs at the epicentre of tropical marine biodiversity (North Sulawesi, Indonesia), we explored how application of different biodiversity approaches (i.e., use of major taxonomic categories, high taxonomic resolution categories and trait-based approaches) affects the detection of distinct fish and benthic communities. Our results show that using major categories fails to identify distinct coral reef regimes. We also show that monitoring of only scleractinian coral communities is insufficient to detect different benthic regimes, especially communities dominated by non-coral organisms, and that all types of benthic organisms need to be considered. We have implemented the use of a trait-based approach to study the functional diversity of whole coral reef benthic assemblages, which allowed us to detect five different community regimes, only one of which was dominated by scleractinian corals. Furthermore, by the parallel study of benthic and fish communities we provide new insights into key processes and functions that might dominate or be compromised in the different community regimes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Reverter
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM) at the Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany.
| | - Matthew Jackson
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM) at the Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Sven Rohde
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM) at the Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Mareen Moeller
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM) at the Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
| | - Robert Bara
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Jl. Kampus UNSRAT Bahu, 95115, Manado, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia
| | - Markus T Lasut
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Sam Ratulangi University, Jl. Kampus UNSRAT Bahu, 95115, Manado, Sulawesi Utara, Indonesia
| | | | - Peter J Schupp
- Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM) at the Carl Von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Wilhelmshaven, Germany
- Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity at the University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), 26129, Oldenburg, Germany
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Rasmussen L, Barnes C, Mak SST, Kjartansdóttir KR, Hansen TA, Doan-Nhu H, Nguyen-Ngoc L, Guldberg Frøslev T, Hellström M, Hansen AJ. Increased Bacterial Richness Associated With Lesions Within the Porites spp. of Vietnam. Front Ecol Evol 2020. [DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2020.00151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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First Study on Marine Heterobranchia (Gastropoda, Mollusca) in Bangka Archipelago, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. DIVERSITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/d12020052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
As ephemeral, benthic, secondary consumers usually associated with sessile coral reef organisms, marine heterobranchs are good indicators of the health of marine tropical habitats. Thus, marine Heterobranchia have recently become a major target for monitoring programs. For this work, an extensive survey was made in Bangka Archipelago, the first of its kind in this area. Bangka Archipelago is composed of small islands and the adjacent coastline of North Sulawesi. The substrate is dominated by biogenic reefs and volcanic rocks, thus forming highly diverse habitats. In total, 149 species were collected and/or photo-documented in September 2017 and September 2018, which represents the dry season. They can be assigned to the Cephalaspidea, Aplysiida, Pleurobranchida, Nudibranchia, and Eupulmonata. Thirty-three species are new to science, highlighting the lack of knowledge about the group and especially about this region. Our data provide a baseline for future monitoring surveys, as the anthropogenic pressures on Bangka Archipelago are increasing due to enhanced touristic activities, but also due to large scale environmental changes caused by previous mining operation activities.
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Kunihiro S, Farenzena Z, Hoeksema BW, Groenenberg DSJ, Hermanto B, Reimer JD. Morphological and phylogenetic diversity of Waminoa and similar flatworms (Acoelomorpha) in the western Pacific Ocean. ZOOLOGY 2019; 136:125692. [PMID: 31655447 DOI: 10.1016/j.zool.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The genus Waminoa currently contains two described species, which each contains two types of endosymbiotic algae. Waminoa individuals are basically brown in body color, derived from these algal symbionts, and their body shape has been described as "discoid to obcordate". They have been found as associates of various anthozoans (Cnidaria) in the Indo-Pacific Ocean and the Red Sea. In order to reveal the diversity of the genus Waminoa and their hosts, we conducted phylogenetic and morphological analyses on acoelomate flatworms specimens collected from Japan, Palau and Indonesia. At least 18 Waminoa morphotypes were found on at least 20 anthozoan host species, and two specimens were found on species of two sea stars. Overall, there were two main body shapes of specimens; obcordate, as seen in W. litus and W. brickneri, and the other molar-like with an elongated body. These two body shapes each represented a separate clade in 18S rDNA and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) phylogenetic trees, with W. brickneri included in the obcordate subclade. Automatic Barcode Gap Discovery (ABGD) analyses on COI sequences of our specimens revealed the presence of at least five operational taxonomic units (OTUs). These five OTUs consisted of one large group of all obcordate animals, three OTUs consisting of one specimen each within the molar-like clade, and one large group of the remaining molar-like specimens. Both clades contain numerous morphotypes and were associated with a variety of hosts. Finally, based on genetic distances, the molar-like specimens are considered as an unnamed genus group separate from Waminoa, which needs to be clarified in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiori Kunihiro
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics & Ecology Lab, Graduate School of Engineering & Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
| | - Zoi Farenzena
- Taxonomy and Systematics Groups, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, the Netherlands
| | - Bert W Hoeksema
- Taxonomy and Systematics Groups, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Postbus 9517, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands, the Netherlands; Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Bambang Hermanto
- Technical Implementation Unit for Marine Biota Conservation, Research Centre for Oceanography (RCO-LIPI), Tandurusa, Aertembaga, Kota Bitung, 95511, Indonesia
| | - James Davis Reimer
- Molecular Invertebrate Systematics & Ecology Lab, Graduate School of Engineering & Science, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan; Tropical Biosphere Research Center, The University of the Ryukyus, 1 Senbaru, Nishihara, 903-0213 Okinawa, Japan
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Williams SL, Sur C, Janetski N, Hollarsmith JA, Rapi S, Barron L, Heatwole SJ, Yusuf AM, Yusuf S, Jompa J, Mars F. Large‐scale coral reef rehabilitation after blast fishing in Indonesia. Restor Ecol 2018. [DOI: 10.1111/rec.12866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Susan L. Williams
- Bodega Marine Laboratory and Department of Evolution and Ecology University of California—Davis PO Box 247, Bodega Bay CA 94923‐2047 U.S.A
| | - Christine Sur
- Bodega Marine Laboratory and Graduate Group in Ecology University of California—Davis PO Box 247, Bodega Bay California 94923‐2047 U.S.A
| | - Noel Janetski
- Jl. Kima 10 Kav A‐6 Daya Biringkanay, Makassar South Sulawesi 90241 Indonesia
| | - Jordan A. Hollarsmith
- Bodega Marine Laboratory and Graduate Group in Ecology University of California—Davis PO Box 247, Bodega Bay California 94923‐2047 U.S.A
| | - Saipul Rapi
- Jl. Kima 10 Kav A‐6 Daya Biringkanay, Makassar South Sulawesi 90241 Indonesia
| | - Luke Barron
- Jl. Kima 10 Kav A‐6 Daya Biringkanay, Makassar South Sulawesi 90241 Indonesia
| | - Siobhan J. Heatwole
- Jl. Kima 10 Kav A‐6 Daya Biringkanay, Makassar South Sulawesi 90241 Indonesia
- School of Biological Sciences University of Wollongong Wollongong NSW 2522 Australia
| | - Andi M. Yusuf
- Jl. Kima 10 Kav A‐6 Daya Biringkanay, Makassar South Sulawesi 90241 Indonesia
| | - Syafyudin Yusuf
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries Hasanuddin University Makassar South Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - Jamaluddin Jompa
- Department of Marine Science and Fisheries Hasanuddin University Makassar South Sulawesi Indonesia
| | - Frank Mars
- Mars, Inc. 6885 Elm St., McLean VA 22101 U.S.A
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Phylogenetic analyses of Symbiodinium isolated from Waminoa and their anthozoan hosts in the Ryukyu Archipelago, southern Japan. Symbiosis 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s13199-018-0557-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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