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Laurent D, Carien R, Robin N. Influence of Motor Imagery Modality on First-Serve Performance in Tennis Players. Motor Control 2024; 28:377-390. [PMID: 38710480 DOI: 10.1123/mc.2023-0080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Motor imagery (MI) is frequently used in tennis players. This pilot study aimed to assess whether the MI modality and preference of skilled tennis players could influence their service performance when using MI before serving first balls. Twenty expert players (Mage = 18.6 years) completed the movement imagery questionnaire (third version) to assess their MI modality scores (internal visual, external visual, and kinesthetic) and their MI preference. Participants completed 4 experimental counterbalanced sessions spread over 4 weeks, each including the completion of 20 first-serve balls in match condition. The sessions included a control condition (i.e., only physical practice trials) and three MI conditions during which the players had to mentally imagine themselves performing a serve according to one of the imagery modalities, either internal visual, external visual, or kinesthetic, before serving. The percentage of success, the speed of the service balls (measured by a tablet with SWING VISION and a radar gun), and an efficiency score were recorded and then evaluated by experts and served as performance indicators and dependent variables. The results of this study showed that players benefited from MI before serving and that almost a third of the participants achieved a higher percentage of success and efficiency scores when using their preferred MI modality. These results lead us, in an applied way, to suggest to skilled tennis players to determine their MI preference and to have recourse to the mental simulation of a successful serve before serving the first balls in match condition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Robbin Carien
- Laboratoire "Adaptation au Climate Tropical, Exercise & Santé", Université des Antilles, Pointe-a-Pitre, France
| | - Nicolas Robin
- Laboratoire "Adaptation au Climate Tropical, Exercise & Santé", Université des Antilles, Pointe-a-Pitre, France
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2
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Rodriguez KM, Moon J, Krishnan C, Palmieri-Smith RM. Conditioning of Motor Evoked Responses After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: Effects of Stimulus Intensity. Sports Health 2024:19417381241257258. [PMID: 38864306 DOI: 10.1177/19417381241257258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Operant conditioning of motor evoked torque (MEPTORQUE) can directly target the corticospinal pathway in patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction. However, it remains unclear whether operant conditioning can elicit short-term improvements in corticospinal excitability and whether these improvements are influenced by stimulus intensity. HYPOTHESIS Quadriceps MEPTORQUE responses can be upconditioned in a single session and will elicit short-term adaptations in corticospinal excitability, with higher stimulus intensities eliciting greater effects. STUDY DESIGN Randomized controlled laboratory study. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE Level 2. METHODS Thirty-six participants were assessed during a single session of an operant conditioning protocol. Participants were randomized into 1 of 3 groups for stimulus intensity used during operant conditioning based on the participant's active motor threshold (AMT: 100%, 120%, and 140%). Quadriceps MEPTORQUE amplitude was evaluated during a block of control transcranial magnetic stimulation trials (CTRL) to establish baseline corticospinal excitability, and 3 blocks of conditioning trials (COND) during which participants trained to upcondition their MEPTORQUE. MEPTORQUE recruitment curves were collected to evaluate the effect of operant conditioning on acute corticospinal adaptations. RESULTS Participants with ACL reconstruction could upcondition their MEPTORQUE in a single session (P < 0.01; CTRL, 17.27 ± 1.28; COND, 21.35 ± 1.28 [mean ± standard error [SE] in N·m]), but this ability was not influenced by the stimulus intensity used during training (P = 0.84). Furthermore, significant improvements in corticospinal excitability were observed (P = 0.05; PRE, 687.91 ± 50.15; POST, 761.08 ± 50.15 [mean ± SE in N·m %AMT]), but stimulus intensity did not influence corticospinal adaptations (P = 0.67). CONCLUSION Operant conditioning can elicit short-term neural adaptations in ACL-reconstructed patients. Future operant conditioning paradigms may effectively use any of the 3 stimulus intensities studied herein. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Operant conditioning may be a feasible approach to improve corticospinal excitability after ACL reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jungsun Moon
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Chandramouli Krishnan
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Michigan Robotics Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan
| | - Riann M Palmieri-Smith
- School of Kinesiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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3
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Mandolesi L, Passarello N, Lucidi F. Differences in motor imagery abilities in active and sedentary individuals: new insights from backward-walking imagination. PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH 2024; 88:499-508. [PMID: 37773349 PMCID: PMC10858124 DOI: 10.1007/s00426-023-01876-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Evidence has shown that imagining a complex action, like backward-walking, helps improve the execution of the gesture. Despite this, studies in sport psychology have provided heterogeneous results on the use of motor imagery (MI) to improve performance. We aimed to fill this gap by analyzing how sport experience influences backward-walking MI processes in a sample of young women (n = 41, mean age = 21 ± 2.2) divided into Active and Sedentary. All participants were allocated to two randomized mental chronometric tasks, in which they had first to imagine and then execute forward-walking (FW) and backward-walking (BW). The Isochrony Efficiency measured the difference between imagination and execution times in both conditions (FW and BW). Moreover, we analyzed the ability to vividly imagine FW and BW within various perspectives in both groups through the Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire (VMIQ-2). Findings showed that active individuals performed better in the BW imagery task when compared to sedentary ones (F1,39 = 4.98; p = 0.03*), while there were no differences between groups in the FW imagery task (F1,39 = .10; p = 0.75). Further, VMIQ-2 had evidenced that the ability to imagine backward is influenced by perspective used. Specifically, the use of internal visual imagery (IVI) led to worse Isochrony Efficiency (t32,25 = 2.16; p = 0.04*), while the use of kinesthetic imagery (KIN) led to better Isochrony Efficiency (t32,25 = - 2.34; p = 0.03*). These results suggest a close relation between motor experience and complex motor imagery processes and open new insights for studying these mental processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Mandolesi
- Department of Humanities, "Federico II" University of Naples, Via Porta Di Massa, 1, 80133, Naples, Italy.
| | - Noemi Passarello
- Department of Humanities, "Federico II" University of Naples, Via Porta Di Massa, 1, 80133, Naples, Italy
| | - Fabio Lucidi
- Department of Social and Developmental Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Via dei Marsi, 78, 00185, Rome, Italy
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4
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Martín-Rodríguez A, Gostian-Ropotin LA, Beltrán-Velasco AI, Belando-Pedreño N, Simón JA, López-Mora C, Navarro-Jiménez E, Tornero-Aguilera JF, Clemente-Suárez VJ. Sporting Mind: The Interplay of Physical Activity and Psychological Health. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:37. [PMID: 38275986 PMCID: PMC10819297 DOI: 10.3390/sports12010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/19/2024] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
The symbiotic relationship between sports practice and psychological well-being has, in recent times, surged to the forefront of academic and public attention. The aim of this narrative review is to comprehensively explore the intricate pathways linking physical engagement in sports to its subsequent impacts on mental health and synthesize the multifarious effects of sports on psychological health, offering insights for integrating physical and psychological strategies to enhance well-being. From neurobiological underpinnings to therapeutic applications, this comprehensive manuscript provides an in-depth dive into the multifaceted world of sports and psychology. Highlighting evidence-based interventions, this review aspires to offer actionable insights for practitioners, athletes, and individuals alike, advocating for a holistic approach to mental well-being. This manuscript highlights the profound impact of sports on mental health, emphasizing its role in emotional regulation, resilience, cognitive function, and treating psychological conditions. It details how sports induce neurochemical changes, enhance brain functions like memory and learning, and aid against cognitive decline. This review also notes the benefits of regular exercise in mood improvement, stress management, and social skill enhancement, particularly when combined with mindfulness practices. It underscores the importance of considering cultural and gender perspectives in sports psychology, advocating for an integrated physical-psychological approach to promote overall well-being.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Martín-Rodríguez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.A.G.-R.); (N.B.-P.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Laura Augusta Gostian-Ropotin
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.A.G.-R.); (N.B.-P.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | | | - Noelia Belando-Pedreño
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.A.G.-R.); (N.B.-P.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Juan Antonio Simón
- Department Ciencias Sociales Act Fis Deporte & Ocio, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Clara López-Mora
- Facultad de Ciencias Biomédicas y de la Salud, Universidad Europea de Valencia, Pg. de l’Albereda, 7, 46010 València, Spain;
| | | | - José Francisco Tornero-Aguilera
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.A.G.-R.); (N.B.-P.); (J.F.T.-A.)
| | - Vicente Javier Clemente-Suárez
- Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Tajo Street, s/n, 28670 Madrid, Spain; (A.M.-R.); (L.A.G.-R.); (N.B.-P.); (J.F.T.-A.)
- Grupo de Investigación en Cultura, Educación y Sociedad, Universidad de la Costa, Barranquilla 080002, Colombia
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5
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Warfield E, Esposito P, Braun-Trocchio R. Differences in Relaxation and Imagery among NCAA Division I Sport Types. Sports (Basel) 2023; 11:224. [PMID: 37999441 PMCID: PMC10674814 DOI: 10.3390/sports11110224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Athletes use psychological skills such as imagery and relaxation to decrease stress, cope with competitive anxiety, and achieve an optimal state of arousal. There is conflicting literature on how team and individual sport athletes use these skills, with some saying that individual sport athletes have better capabilities and others saying team sport athletes use imagery more frequently. The current study analyzed sport type differences in the use of relaxation and performance imagery among NCAA Division I (DI) athletes. This study included 117 NCAA DI athletes, including team sport (n = 72) and individual sport (n = 45). Participants completed a modified version of The Deliberate Relaxation for Sport Survey through Qualtrics. Results indicated there is a statistically significant difference in the type of relaxation technique used based on the individual's sport type. Team sport athletes used muscle relaxation (p = 0.034), eastern relaxation (p = 0.014), and stretching (p = 0.020) more frequently than individual sport athletes. Additionally, individual sport athletes used performance imagery more often for mental focus than team sport athletes (p = 0.012). There were no differences between sport types in the level of deliberate practice of relaxation and performance imagery. Athletes used a variety of methods to learn both imagery and relaxation skills and have been using these for an average of four years. The majority of participants (n = 67) did not work with a sport psychology professional, but their school has one. This study supports the use of individualized intervention programs to help athletes use relaxation and imagery in the most effective ways for their performances.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Robyn Braun-Trocchio
- Department of Kinesiology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, TX 76129, USA; (E.W.); (P.E.)
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6
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Modena R, Bisagno E, Schena F, Carazzato S, Vitali F. How Do Elite Female Athletes Cope with Symptoms of Their Premenstrual Period? A Study on Rugby Union and Football Players' Perceived Physical Ability and Well-Being. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:11168. [PMID: 36141440 PMCID: PMC9517454 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191811168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Women's participation in sports has recently grown worldwide, including in sports typically associated with men (e.g., rugby and football). Similarly, literature on female athletes has increased, but how they cope with premenstrual (PM) physical and affective symptoms remains a poorly studied topic. Our study aimed to explain which coping strategies elite female rugby and football players use during their PM period to maintain perceived physical ability (PPA) and well-being. A mediation model analysis considering coping strategies (i.e., avoiding harm, awareness and acceptance, adjusting energy, self-care, and communicating) as independent variables, PPA and well-being as dependent variables, and PM physical and affective symptoms and PM cognitive resources as mediators was run on the data collected via an anonymous online survey. A dysfunctional impact of avoiding harm (indirect) and adjusting energy (both direct and indirect) and a functional indirect influence of awareness and acceptance, self-care, and communicating as coping strategies were found on PPA and well-being during the PM period. As predicted, PM physical and affective symptoms as mediators reduced PPA and well-being, while PM cognitive resources enhanced them. These results may inform practitioners on how to support elite female athletes' PPA and well-being by knowing and reinforcing the most functional PM coping strategies for them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Modena
- CeRiSM Research Center Sport Mountain and Health, University of Verona, 37129 Verona, Italy
- Faculty of Health Sciences and Social Care, Molde University College, 6410 Molde, Norway
| | - Elisa Bisagno
- Department of Law, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 42121 Modena, Italy
| | - Federico Schena
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37131 Verona, Italy
| | - Simone Carazzato
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37131 Verona, Italy
| | - Francesca Vitali
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Movement Sciences, University of Verona, 37131 Verona, Italy
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7
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Budnik-Przybylska D, Huzarska I, Karasiewicz K. Does Imagery Ability Matter for the Relationship Between Temperament and Self-Confidence in Team and Individual Sport Disciplines? Front Psychol 2022; 13:893457. [PMID: 35898998 PMCID: PMC9311684 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.893457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The main purpose of our study was to investigate the relationship among temperamental traits, a general tendency to use imagery, and self-confidence in sport. The specific aim was to verify if general imagery mediates the relationship between temperament and self-confidence in sport, but also with respect to individual and team sport disciplines. The study involved 144 athletes aged 19-25 years (75 men and 69 women) with different lengths of training (from 1 month to 18 years) and presented different sports levels: international (n = 12), national (n = 46), and recreational (n = 86). They also represented individual (n = 73) and team (n = 68) sports. The Imagination in Sport Questionnaire (ISQ), Trait Sports Confidence Inventory (TSCI-PL), and Temperament Questionnaire (EAS) were all completed by the participants. Results indicate that self-confidence is explained in about 13% by temperament and general imagery, but only general imagery (b = 0.22; p < 0.05) and negative axes of the temperament-emotionality (b = -0.26; p < 0.05). The test of the indirect effect of the negative axes of the temperament on self-confidence through general imagery, conducted by Preacher and Hayes bootstrapping procedure, revealed significant mediation [b = 0.37; 95% CI = (0.09; 0.68); R 2 Med = 0.46] suggesting that about 46% of variance explained in self-confidence by emotionality is related to general imagery. The other 3% of variance explained in self-confidence by the positive temperament axes is related to general imagery, however, it was insignificant. The general imagery explains the relationship between emotionality and self-confidence only in individual sports athletes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Budnik-Przybylska
- Department of Sport Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, Institute of Psychology, University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Izabela Huzarska
- Institute of Physical Culture Studies, Medical College of Rzeszów University, University of Rzeszów, Rzeszów, Poland
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8
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Kaur J, Ghosh S, Singh P, Dwivedi AK, Sahani AK, Sinha JK. Cervical Spinal Lesion, Completeness of Injury, Stress, and Depression Reduce the Efficiency of Mental Imagery in People With Spinal Cord Injury. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2022; 101:513-519. [PMID: 35034059 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aims of this study were to assess the relationships of (1) clinical variables (age, level of injury, time since injury [TSI], and completeness of injury) and (2) psychological variables (stress and depression) with mental imagery ability in individuals with spinal cord injury. STUDY DESIGN This was a cross-sectional study. Participants with spinal cord injury (N = 130) were requested to fill the Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire and Vividness of Motor Imagery Questionnaire. They also completed the Perceived Stress Scale and Patient Health Questionnaire 9 for the assessment of stress and depression, respectively. RESULTS Mental imagery scores were found to be significantly low in cervical injuries (P < 0.001) as compared with thoracic injuries (P < 0.001). Furthermore, higher levels of spinal injuries resulted in lower mental imagery scores. Completeness of injury (according to Asia Impairment Scale) also had a significant relationship (P < 0.001) with the mental imagery ability among spinal cord injury participants. Presence of stress (P < 0.001) and depression (P < 0.001) also associated with reduced efficiency of mental imagery in these individuals. CONCLUSIONS Injury type and psychological factors were associated with mental imagery in SCI patients. Imagery-based interventions should be designed after consideration of identified factors yielding effect on their outcomes. TO CLAIM CME CREDITS Complete the self-assessment activity and evaluation online at http://www.physiatry.org/JournalCME. CME OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this article, the reader should be able to: (1) Determine the impact of clinical variables such as level of injury, completeness and chronicity of injury on mental imagery ability in spinal cord injury; (2) Discuss the role of stress and depression on mental imagery ability in spinal cord injury; and (3) Describe the various dimensions of mental imagery ability and its variability among individuals who have spinal cord injury. LEVEL Advanced. ACCREDITATION The Association of Academic Physiatrists is accredited by the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education to provide continuing medical education for physicians.The Association of Academic Physiatrists designates this Journal-based CME activity for a maximum of 1.0 AMA PRA Category 1 Credit(s)™. Physicians should only claim credit commensurate with the extent of their participation in the activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaskirat Kaur
- From the Amity Institute of Neuropsychology & Neurosciences (AINN), Amity University UP, Noida, India (JK, JKS); Indian Council of Medical Research-National Institute of Nutrition, Tarnaka, India (SG); All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India (PS); Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, El Paso, Texas (AKD); and Indian Spinal Injuries Centre (ISIC), Sector C, New Delhi, India (AKS)
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9
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Sugino H, Ushiyama J. Gymnasts' Ability to Modulate Sensorimotor Rhythms During Kinesthetic Motor Imagery of Sports Non-specific Movements Superior to Non-gymnasts. Front Sports Act Living 2021; 3:757308. [PMID: 34805979 PMCID: PMC8600039 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2021.757308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous psychological studies using questionnaires have consistently reported that athletes have superior motor imagery ability, both for sports-specific and for sports-non-specific movements. However, regarding motor imagery of sports-non-specific movements, no physiological studies have demonstrated differences in neural activity between athletes and non-athletes. The purpose of this study was to examine the differences in sensorimotor rhythms during kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI) of sports-non-specific movements between gymnasts and non-gymnasts. We selected gymnasts as an example population because they are likely to have particularly superior motor imagery ability due to frequent usage of motor imagery, including KMI as part of daily practice. Healthy young participants (16 gymnasts and 16 non-gymnasts) performed repeated motor execution and KMI of sports-non-specific movements (wrist dorsiflexion and shoulder abduction of the dominant hand). Scalp electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded over the contralateral sensorimotor cortex. During motor execution and KMI, sensorimotor EEG power is known to decrease in the α- (8–15 Hz) and β-bands (16–35 Hz), referred to as event-related desynchronization (ERD). We calculated the maximal peak of ERD both in the α- (αERDmax) and β-bands (βERDmax) as a measure of changes in corticospinal excitability. αERDmax was significantly greater in gymnasts, who subjectively evaluated their KMI as being more vivid in the psychological questionnaire. On the other hand, βERDmax was greater in gymnasts only for shoulder abduction KMI. These findings suggest gymnasts' signature of flexibly modulating sensorimotor rhythms with no movements, which may be the basis of their superior ability of KMI for sports-non-specific movements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirotaka Sugino
- Graduate School of Media and Governance, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Junichi Ushiyama
- Faculty of Environment and Information Studies, Keio University, Fujisawa, Japan.,Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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10
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Wang F, Jiang W, Gao L, Liu C, Deng M, Ren X, Zhu C, Guan JS, Wang Y. Detecting Abnormal Neuronal Activity in a Chronic Migraine Model by Egr1-EGFP Transgenic Mice. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:705938. [PMID: 34456674 PMCID: PMC8387874 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.705938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic migraine (CM) is a highly disabling neurological disorder characterized by recurrent headache accompanied by a variety of sensory and/or emotional symptoms. However, the mechanisms of migraine onset and its chronicity have not been elucidated. The present study was designed to search for brain regions and neurons that were abnormally activated by CM and might be related to its pathogenesis and different concomitant symptoms. CM models were established here by repeated intraperitoneal injection of nitroglycerin (NTG) every other day for 9 days to early growth response gene 1 (Egr1)-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgenic mice, which allowed monitoring of neuronal activities in the whole brain. CM-related behaviors were recorded through head grooming test and light aversion assay. Elevation of Egr1 expression signals was detected in trigeminal nucleus caudalis (TNC), primary somatosensory cortex (SSp), lateral amygdala nucleus (LA), primary visual area (VISp), and temporal association areas (TEa) 2 h after the last injection of NTG by immunofluorescence and digital slice scanning technology. Meanwhile, no change of Egr1 expression was found in auditory areas (AUD), CA1, ectorhinal area (ECT), piriform (PIR), and anterior cingulate area (ACC). Furthermore, with the strongest support by evidence-based medicine among the current limited oral treatments of CM, topiramate was administrated every day for 11 days from 2 days before the first NTG injection. The results showed that topiramate partially improved the photophobia behavior of CM models in the short-term with gradually weakened efficacy as the course of the disease prolonged. Meanwhile, NTG-induced increase in Egr1 expression was completely reversed in TNC, SSp, and VISp and partially reduced in LA and TEa by topiramate at the same time point mentioned above. In conclusion, the current results suggested that the abnormal hyperactivities in TNC, SSp and VISp were associated with the pathogenesis of CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Weiqing Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Liu
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Mingzhu Deng
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiao Ren
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenlu Zhu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Ji-Song Guan
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China.,CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yonggang Wang
- Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Headache Center, China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases, Beijing, China
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11
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Jeunet C, Hauw D, Millán JDR. Sport Psychology: Technologies Ahead. Front Sports Act Living 2020; 2:10. [PMID: 33345005 PMCID: PMC7739689 DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2020.00010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2019] [Accepted: 01/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Camille Jeunet
- CLLE Lab, CNRS, Univ. Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Toulouse, France.,École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Denis Hauw
- Institut des Sciences du Sport, Université de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jose Del R Millán
- École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, Geneva, Switzerland.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States.,Department of Neurology, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, United States
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12
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Di Corrado D, Guarnera M, Guerrera CS, Maldonato NM, Di Nuovo S, Castellano S, Coco M. Mental Imagery Skills in Competitive Young Athletes and Non-athletes. Front Psychol 2020; 11:633. [PMID: 32362857 PMCID: PMC7180224 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mental imagery is a fully immersive multi-sensory procedure that associates as numerous senses to create a mental image and process it without the presence of external stimuli. In the sport situation, imagery has been designated as the state in which people imagine themselves while effecting abilities to deal with the forthcoming duty or improve performance. Methodical analyses have revealed that imagery increases performance in motor tasks. This study aims at observing not the vividness of image but the cognitive abilities useful for the inspection, maintenance, generation, and manipulation of dissimilar classes of images, investigating modifications in mental imagery skills in competitive athletes and non-athletes. Participants were competitive athletes (n = 48) and non-athletes (n = 48) between the ages of 8 and 13 years (M age = 10.50, SD = 1.73). The athletes had a minimum of 5 years of training skill in the sport. They completed the Mental Imagery Test (MIT). Competitive athletes showed higher scores on mental imagery skills than non-athletes. The study contributed to increase the exploration in the definite area of mental imagery, supplying an added support for the pluridimensional nature of mental imagery and for its practicality in motor and sport sciences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Guarnera
- Department of Human and Social Sciences, Kore University, Enna, Italy
| | | | - Nelson Mauro Maldonato
- Department of Neuroscience and Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Santo Di Nuovo
- Department of Formative Processes, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Sabrina Castellano
- Department of Formative Processes, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - Marinella Coco
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy
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Assessing Individual Performance in Team Sports: A New Method Developed in Youth Volleyball. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2019; 4:jfmk4030053. [PMID: 33467368 PMCID: PMC7739348 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk4030053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2019] [Revised: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 08/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Studying the role of individual differences in team sports performance is a challenge. The main problem is having an available measure of individual performance of each member of the team. In particular, in youth sports, where the level of specialization is reactively low, it appears appropriate that this measure takes the entire performance of the athlete into consideration (i.e., that it assesses all of the athlete's gestures), while maintaining an ecological validity criterion. Therefore, we devised and calculated an individual assessment measure in volleyball following the subsequent steps: Firstly, we video-recorded at least three volleyball games for each of the 114 youth volleyball players who participated in the study. Then, two independent expert observers evaluated each individual performance by attributing a score to every single gesture performed by the athletes during the games. The derived individual score was adjusted and controlled for the team performance measure, namely the result of each Set the athlete participated in (and for the amount of participation of the athlete to each game). The final measure of individual performance in volleyball proved to be reliable, showing a high level of interrater agreement (r = .841, p < .001) and a significant correlation with the amount of experience in volleyball (r = .173, p < .05).
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Guarnera M, Buccheri SL, Castellano S, Di Corrado D, Di Nuovo S. Social Anxiety and Mental Imagery Processes. CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHIATRY 2019; 16:173-181. [PMID: 34908953 PMCID: PMC8650197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mental imagery has featured prominently in several disorders. The recurrent and distressing imagery reported by individuals with social phobia is often that of a previously experienced event and such imagery is proposed to contribute to the maintenance of the disorder in contemporary cognitive models. The aims of the present study were to investigate which imagery processes (generation, maintenance, inspection and transformation) are most relevant to differentiate the performances of socially anxious individuals from those who are non-socially anxious, and that play a pivotal role in social phobia. METHOD Sixty-two undergraduate volunteer students were recruited from an Italian university, age range 18-23 (M 19.34, SD 1.27), 23 males and 39 females. We used a standardized battery, the Mental Imagery Test (MIT), measuring mental imagery skills involving generation and manipulation of different categories of images to examine imagery processes in individuals with social anxiety and non-anxious controls. RESULTS Results shown that socially anxious students were impaired in MIT total score, and particularly in the imagined paths tasks and clock test, significantly more than non-anxious individuals. In overall group, total score was negatively associated with social anxiety, and the imagine paths test was the best predictor of social anxiety. CONCLUSIONS The current findings suggest that social anxiety is differently influenced by specific tasks of imagery based on the type of component involved in imaginative processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Guarnera
- Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna EN, Italy
| | - Stefania Lucia Buccheri
- Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna EN, Italy
| | - Sabrin Castellano
- University of Catania, Department of Educational Sciences, 24 Dante Alighieri, 95124 Catania CT, Italy
| | - Donatella Di Corrado
- Kore University of Enna, Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Cittadella Universitaria, 94100 Enna EN, Italy
| | - Santo Di Nuovo
- University of Catania, Department of Educational Sciences, 24 Dante Alighieri, 95124 Catania CT, Italy
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