Development and Validation of a Questionnaire to Measure Iranian Nurses' Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Disaster Preparedness

Factors related to earthquake preparedness of households based on social-cognitive theory constructs: A systematic review

Background

Earthquakes cause many casualties worldwide. Taking preventive measures and improving community preparedness is critical to reducing earthquake damage. The social cognitive theory explains how individual and environmental factors cause behavior. This review was conducted to identify the social cognitive theory structures, in research on the preparedness of households against earthquakes.

Materials and methods

This systematic review was performed based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. A search was conducted from January 1, 2000, to October 30, 2021 in Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar. Studies were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The initial search yielded 9,225 articles, and finally, 18 articles were selected. Articles were assessed using the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) checklist.

Results

Eighteen articles about disaster preparedness behaviors based on the socio-cognitive constructs were identified and reviewed. The essential constructs used in the reviewed studies included self-efficacy, collective efficacy, knowledge, outcome expectations, social support, and normative beliefs.

Conclusion

By identifying the dominant structures that have been used in studies related to the preparedness of households against earthquakes, researchers can implement appropriate and more cost-effective interventions by focusing on improving suitable structures.

Development and validation of knowledge of caring for COVID-19 tool

Aim

We aimed to examine the validity and reliability of a newly developed tool that measures nursing and allied health students’ knowledge of caring for patients with COVID‐19.

Method

We developed in five phases (literature review, item development, expert evaluation using content validity index, revisions based on a pilot test, and exploratory factor and reliability analyses on the data from the main study). We administered online surveys (the pilot test & the main study using a cross‐sectional design) to students in a governmental health sciences college in Oman.

Results

The pilot test had 43 participants, and the main study had 507. The item content validity index scores ranged from 0.81–1.00, and the scale content validity index for 20 items was 0.95. The factor analysis revealed a three‐factor solution. The overall Cronbach’s alpha for the final (19‐item) version of the tool after item deletion was 0.76. The reliabilities for Subscales 1, 2, and 3 were 0.83, 0.67, and 0.51, respectively.

Knowledge, Attitude and Performance Associated with Disaster Preparedness in Iranian Nurses: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Context:

Nurses are the largest group of health service providers with a vital role in assisting victims during disasters. They must be therefore appropriately prepared to respond to health requirements in these situations.

Evidence acquisition:

Three articles were ultimately extracted from a comprehensive search conducted in the present systematic review and meta-analysis in Google Scholar, SID, Magiran, Scopus, PubMed and Web of Science using English keywords and their Persian equivalents. The I² index was used to evaluate the heterogeneity between the studies, and the analyses were performed in STATA 14.

Results:

This review was conducted on 586 nurses working in hospitals. The final meta-analysis included three articles. The matched mean scores of knowledge, attitude and performance concerning disaster preparedness were respectively found to be 43.49 (95% CI: 37.67–49.31, P=0.581, I²=0.0%), 68.81 (95% CI: 63.04–70.58, p=0.913, I²=0.0%) and 56.19 (95% CI: 53.95–58.42, P=0.001, I²=86.2%).

Conclusion:

The present findings suggested moderate levels of knowledge and performance and good attitudes associated with preparedness in disasters in the Iranian nurses. These parameters can be therefore improved to desirable levels and the overall preparedness for coping with disasters boosted in nurses by training nurses and performing hospital drills.