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Bełdowski P, Przybyłek M, Bełdowski D, Dedinaite A, Sionkowska A, Cysewski P, Claesson PM. Collagen type II-hyaluronan interactions - the effect of proline hydroxylation: a molecular dynamics study. J Mater Chem B 2022; 10:9713-9723. [PMID: 36413305 DOI: 10.1039/d2tb01550a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Hyaluronan-collagen composites have been employed in numerous biomedical applications. Understanding the interactions between hyaluronan and collagen is particularly important in the context of joint cartilage function and the treatment of joint diseases. Many factors affect the affinity of collagen for hyaluronan. One of the important factors is the ratio of 3- or 4-hydroxy proline to proline residues. This article presents the results from molecular dynamics calculations of HA-collagen type II interactions with hyaluronan. The applied protocol employed docking and geometry optimization of complexes built using collagen structures with different numbers of hydroxyl groups attached to proline moieties. It was established that the hydroxyproline/proline ratio affects both structural and energetic features of the collagen-hyaluronan complex. Proline hydroxylation was found to significantly influence the number of all identified types of molecular forces, hydrophobic interactions, water bridges and hydrogen bonds, which can be formed between collagen and hyaluronan. Importantly, an increase in the hydroxyproline/proline ratio in the collagen chain increases the binding affinity for hyaluronan. This is illustrated by the linear correlation between the binding free energy and the hydroxylation degree. A comparison of the results obtained for 3 and 4 hydroxylation of proline indicates that the hydroxyl group attachment position plays a minor role in complex stabilization. However, a slightly stronger affinity was observed for 4 hydroxylation. In order to evaluate the effect of the aqueous environment on the collagen-hyaluronan complex stability, the enthalpic and entropic contributions to the free energy of solvation were analyzed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Bełdowski
- Institute of Mathematics and Physics, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, al. Kaliskiego 7, 85-796 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Maciej Przybyłek
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Damian Bełdowski
- Institute of Mathematics, Jagiellonian University, Lukasiewicza 6, 30-348 Kraków, Poland
| | - Andra Dedinaite
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden.,KTH Royal Institute of Technology, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, Engineering Pedagogics, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alina Sionkowska
- Department of Biomaterials and Cosmetics Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Gagarin 7, 87-100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Piotr Cysewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Per M Claesson
- Division of Surface and Corrosion Science, Department of Chemistry, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, SE-100 44 Stockholm, Sweden
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Rong H, Lin F, Ning L, Wu K, Chen B, Zheng J, Limbu SM, Wen X. Cloning, tissue distribution and mRNA expression of type I collagen alpha 1 gene from Chu's croaker (Nibea coibor). Gene 2022; 824:146441. [PMID: 35339641 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2022.146441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 02/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The demand for collagen has been increasing over years due to its wide application in food, cosmetics and biomedicine industries. The synthesis of collagen protein in fish depends on instructions provided by collagen, type I, alpha 1 (COL1A1) gene. However, cloning, tissue distribution and mRNA expression of COL1A1 gene in a gel-producing Chu's croaker (Nibea coibor) is currently unknown. This study cloned the cDNA of COL1A1 gene (GenBank accession number: MK641512) from six N. coibor fish. The distribution and mRNA expression pattern of COL1A1 was analyzed in eight tissues of N. coibor. The COL1A1 cDNA had a full length of 6130 bp and contained a 4344 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a polypeptide of 1448 amino acids. The homology of N. coibor COL1A1 amino acid had 98% similarity with Larimichthys crocea, indicating conservatism with other members in same family (Sciaenidae). The deduced polypeptide contained the same signal peptides, C-propeptide and N-propeptide domains, and triple helix domains, which are the characteristics of type I collagen in vertebrates. The mRNA of COL1A1 gene was expressed significantly higher in the spine of N. coibor than in all other tissues (P < 0.05), followed by swim bladder, skin and scales. The swim bladder had higher collagen and hydroxyproline contents than other tissues, followed by spine >, scales > and > skin (P < 0.05). Our study successfully cloned the COL1A1 gene from N. coibor for the first time. The COL1A1 gene contained all the features of collagen pro-α1(I) chain proteins, and shared high homology with other marine teleost. COL1A1 gene in N. coibor is highly expressed in spine and swim bladder, consistent with collagen distribution. Our study contributes to better understanding on collagen biosynthesis in N. coibor tissues for various industrial uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hua Rong
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; College of Animal Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming 650201, China
| | - Fan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology, Institute of Marine Sciences, Shantou University, Shantou 515063, China
| | - Lijun Ning
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Kun Wu
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Baojia Chen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Jia Zheng
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Samwel Mchele Limbu
- Department of Aquaculture Technology, School of Aquatic Sciences and Fisheries Technology, University of Dar es Salaam, P. O. Box 60091, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
| | - Xiaobo Wen
- College of Marine Sciences, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Chen Y, Zhai MJ, Mehwish N, Xu MD, Wang Y, Gong YX, Ren MM, Deng H, Lee BH. Comparison of globular albumin methacryloyl and random-coil gelatin methacryloyl: Preparation, hydrogel properties, cell behaviors, and mineralization. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 204:692-708. [PMID: 35150780 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Bovine serum albumin methacryloyl (BSAMA) is a newly emerging photocurable globular protein-based material whereas gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is one of the most popular photocurable fibrous protein-based materials. So far, the influence of their different structural conformations as building blocks on hydrogel properties and mineral deposition has not been investigated. Here, we compared their differences in structures, gelation kinetics, hydrogel properties, mineralization, and cell behaviors. BSAMA maintained a stable globular structure while GelMA exhibited temperature-sensitive conformations (4 - 37 °C). BSAMA displayed slower gelation kinetics and much more retarded enzymatic degradation compared to GelMA. Photocurable BSAMA (6.41 - 390.95 kPa) and GelMA hydrogels (36.09 - 199.70 kPa) exhibited tunable mechanical properties depending on their concentrations (10 - 20%). Interestingly, BSAMA hydrogels mineralized needle-like apatite (Ca/P: 1.409) with higher crystallinity compared to GelMA hydrogels (Ca/P: 1.344). BSAMA and GelMA supported satisfactory cell (MC3T3-L1) viability of 99.43 ± 0.57% and 97.14 ± 0.69%, respectively. However, BSAMA gels were less favorable to cell proliferation and migration than GelMA gels. In serum-free environments, cells on GelMA displayed a higher amount of attachment, a more elongated shape, and a longer protrusion compared to those on BSAMA (p < 0.01) during the early adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Chen
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Meng Jiao Zhai
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Nabila Mehwish
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Meng Die Xu
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Yi Xuan Gong
- Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Man Man Ren
- Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Hui Deng
- Department of Periodontics, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Bae Hoon Lee
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; Oujiang Laboratory (Zhejiang Lab for Rengerative Medicine, Vision and Brain Health), Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325001, China.
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Rebers L, Reichsöllner R, Regett S, Tovar GEM, Borchers K, Baudis S, Southan A. Differentiation of physical and chemical cross-linking in gelatin methacryloyl hydrogels. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3256. [PMID: 33547370 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82393-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GM) hydrogels have been investigated for almost 20 years, especially for biomedical applications. Recently, strengthening effects of a sequential cross-linking procedure, whereby GM hydrogel precursor solutions are cooled before chemical cross-linking, were reported. It was hypothesized that physical and enhanced chemical cross-linking of the GM hydrogels contribute to the observed strengthening effects. However, a detailed investigation is missing so far. In this contribution, we aimed to reveal the impact of physical and chemical cross-linking on strengthening of sequentially cross-linked GM and gelatin methacryloyl acetyl (GMA) hydrogels. We investigated physical and chemical cross-linking of three different GM(A) derivatives (GM10, GM2A8 and GM2), which provided systematically varied ratios of side-group modifications. GM10 contained the highest methacryloylation degree (DM), reducing its ability to cross-link physically. GM2 had the lowest DM and showed physical cross-linking. The total modification degree, determining the physical cross-linking ability, of GM2A8 was comparable to that of GM10, but the chemical cross-linking ability was comparable to GM2. At first, we measured the double bond conversion (DBC) kinetics during chemical GM(A) cross-linking quantitatively in real-time via near infrared spectroscopy-photorheology and showed that the DBC decreased due to sequential cross-linking. Furthermore, results of circular dichroism spectroscopy and differential scanning calorimetry indicated gelation and conformation changes, which increased storage moduli of all GM(A) hydrogels due to sequential cross-linking. The data suggested that the total cross-link density determines hydrogel stiffness, regardless of the physical or chemical nature of the cross-links.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arun Ghosh
- Food and Bio‐based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd 1365 Springs Road, Lincoln 7674 New Zealand
| | - Anita J. Grosvenor
- Food and Bio‐based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd 1365 Springs Road, Lincoln 7674 New Zealand
| | - Jolon M. Dyer
- Food and Bio‐based Products Group, AgResearch Ltd 1365 Springs Road, Lincoln 7674 New Zealand
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Cutini
- University of Torino, Department of Chemistry and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Massimo Bocus
- University of Torino, Department of Chemistry and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
| | - Piero Ugliengo
- University of Torino, Department of Chemistry and NIS (Nanostructured Interfaces and Surfaces) Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Turin, Italy
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Claaßen C, Rebers L, Claaßen MH, Borchers K, Tovar GEM, Southan A. Expanding the Range of Available Isoelectric Points of Highly Methacryloylated Gelatin. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2019; 220:1900097. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201900097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Zhu M, Wang Y, Ferracci G, Zheng J, Cho NJ, Lee BH. Gelatin methacryloyl and its hydrogels with an exceptional degree of controllability and batch-to-batch consistency. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6863. [PMID: 31053756 PMCID: PMC6499775 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42186-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin methacryloyl (GelMA) is a versatile material for a wide range of bioapplications. There is an intense interest in developing effective chemical strategies to prepare GelMA with a high degree of batch-to-batch consistency and controllability in terms of methacryloyl functionalization and physiochemical properties. Herein, we systematically investigated the batch-to-batch reproducibility and controllability of producing GelMA (target highly and lowly substituted versions) via a one-pot strategy. To assess the GelMA product, several parameters were evaluated, including the degree of methacryloylation, secondary structure, and enzymatic degradation, along with the mechanical properties and cell viability of GelMA hydrogels. The results showed that two types of target GelMA with five batches exhibited a high degree of controllability and reproducibility in compositional, structural, and functional properties owing to the highly controllable one-pot strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxiang Zhu
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CAS, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325011, China
| | - Yingying Wang
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| | - Gaia Ferracci
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
| | - Jing Zheng
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China.,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CAS, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325011, China
| | - Nam-Joon Cho
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 639798, Singapore.
| | - Bae Hoon Lee
- School of Ophthalmology & Optometry, Eye Hospital, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China. .,Wenzhou Institute of Biomaterials and Engineering, CAS, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325011, China.
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Paschou AM, Katsikini M, Christofilos D, Arvanitidis J, Ves S. High pressure Raman study of type-I collagen. FEBS J 2018; 285:2641-2653. [PMID: 29775998 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2017] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The high pressure response of type-I collagen from bovine Achilles tendon is investigated with micro-Raman spectroscopy. Fluorinert™ and methanol-ethanol mixtures were used as pressure transmitting media (PTM) in a diamond anvil cell. The Raman spectrum of collagen is dominated by three bands centred at approximately 1450, 1660 and 2930 cm-1 , attributed to C-H deformation, C=O stretching of the peptide bond (amide-I band) and C-H stretching modes respectively. Upon pressure increase, using Fluorinert™ as PTM, a shift towards higher frequencies of the C-H stretching and deformation peaks is observed. Contrary, the amide-I band peaks are shifted to lower frequencies with moderate pressure slopes. On the other hand, when using the alcohol mixture as PTM, the amide-I band exhibits more pronounced C=O bond softening, deduced from the shift to lower frequencies, suggesting a strengthening of the hydrogen bonds between glycine and proline residues of different collagen chains due to the presence of the polar alcohol molecules. Furthermore, some of the peaks exhibit abrupt changes in their pressure slopes at approximately 2 GPa, implying a variation in the compressibility of the collagen fibres. This could be attributed to a pitch change from 10/3 to 7/2, sliding of the tropocollagen molecules, twisting variation at the molecular level and/or elimination of the D-gaps induced by kink compression. All spectral changes are reversible upon pressure release, which indicates that denaturation has not taken place. Finally, a minor lipid phase contamination was detected in some sample spots. Its pressure response is also monitored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amalia Maria Paschou
- Department of Solid State Physics, School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Katsikini
- Department of Solid State Physics, School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Christofilos
- Department of Technologies, School of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - John Arvanitidis
- Department of Solid State Physics, School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Sotirios Ves
- Department of Solid State Physics, School of Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
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Rasineni GK, Loh PC, Lim BH. Characterization of Chlamydomonas Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase variants mutated at residues that are post-translationally modified. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2017; 1861:79-85. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.10.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2016] [Revised: 10/14/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
The main features of the triple helical structure of collagen were deduced in the mid-1950s from fibre X-ray diffraction of tendons. Yet, the resulting models only could offer an average description of the molecular conformation. A critical advance came about 20 years later with the chemical synthesis of sufficiently long and homogeneous peptides with collagen-like sequences. The availability of these collagen model peptides resulted in a large number of biochemical, crystallographic and NMR studies that have revolutionized our understanding of collagen structure. High-resolution crystal structures from collagen model peptides have provided a wealth of data on collagen conformational variability, interaction with water, collagen stability or the effects of interruptions. Furthermore, a large increase in the number of structures of collagen model peptides in complex with domains from receptors or collagen-binding proteins has shed light on the mechanisms of collagen recognition. In recent years, collagen biochemistry has escaped the boundaries of natural collagen sequences. Detailed knowledge of collagen structure has opened the field for protein engineers who have used chemical biology approaches to produce hyperstable collagens with unnatural residues, rationally designed collagen heterotrimers, self-assembling collagen peptides, etc. This review summarizes our current understanding of the structure of the collagen triple helical domain (COL×3) and gives an overview of some of the new developments in collagen molecular engineering aiming to produce novel collagen-based materials with superior properties.
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Lomas A, Ryan C, Sorushanova A, Shologu N, Sideri A, Tsioli V, Fthenakis G, Tzora A, Skoufos I, Quinlan L, O'Laighin G, Mullen A, Kelly J, Kearns S, Biggs M, Pandit A, Zeugolis D. The past, present and future in scaffold-based tendon treatments. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2015; 84:257-77. [PMID: 25499820 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2014.11.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 11/08/2014] [Accepted: 11/12/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Tendon injuries represent a significant clinical burden on healthcare systems worldwide. As the human population ages and the life expectancy increases, tendon injuries will become more prevalent, especially among young individuals with long life ahead of them. Advancements in engineering, chemistry and biology have made available an array of three-dimensional scaffold-based intervention strategies, natural or synthetic in origin. Further, functionalisation strategies, based on biophysical, biochemical and biological cues, offer control over cellular functions; localisation and sustained release of therapeutics/biologics; and the ability to positively interact with the host to promote repair and regeneration. Herein, we critically discuss current therapies and emerging technologies that aim to transform tendon treatments in the years to come.
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Jiang T, Xu C, Zuo X, Conticello VP. Structurally Homogeneous Nanosheets from Self-Assembly of a Collagen-Mimetic Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:8367-71. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201403780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Jiang T, Xu C, Zuo X, Conticello VP. Structurally Homogeneous Nanosheets from Self-Assembly of a Collagen-Mimetic Peptide. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201403780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Nahire R, Paul S, Scott MD, Singh RK, Muhonen WW, Shabb J, Gange KN, Srivastava DK, Sarkar K, Mallik S. Ultrasound enhanced matrix metalloproteinase-9 triggered release of contents from echogenic liposomes. Mol Pharm 2012; 9:2554-64. [PMID: 22849291 DOI: 10.1021/mp300165s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The extracellular enzyme matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) is overexpressed in atherosclerotic plaques and in metastatic cancers. The enzyme is responsible for rupture of the plaques and for the invasion and metastasis of a large number of cancers. The ability of ultrasonic excitation to induce thermal and mechanical effects has been used to release drugs from different carriers. However, the majority of these studies were performed with low frequency ultrasound (LFUS) at kilohertz frequencies. Clinical usage of LFUS excitations will be limited due to harmful biological effects. Herein, we report our results on the release of encapsulated contents from substrate lipopeptide incorporated echogenic liposomes triggered by recombinant human MMP-9. The contents release was further enhanced by the application of diagnostic frequency (3 MHz) ultrasound. The echogenic liposomes were successfully imaged employing a medical ultrasound transducer (4-15 MHz). The conditioned cell culture media from cancer cells (secreting MMP-9) released the encapsulated dye from the liposomes (30-50%), and this release is also increased (50-80%) by applying diagnostic frequency ultrasound (3 MHz) for 3 min. With further developments, these liposomes have the potential to serve as multimodal carriers for triggered release and simultaneous ultrasound imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Nahire
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, North Dakota 58108, United States
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