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Harrison JJ, Boone CD, Brown AT, Allen NDC, Toon GC, Bernath PF. First remote sensing observations of trifluoromethane (HFC-23) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1029/2011jd016423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Velazco VA, Toon GC, Blavier JFL, Kleinböhl A, Manney GL, Daffer WH, Bernath PF, Walker KA, Boone C. Validation of the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment by noncoincident MkIV balloon profiles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1029/2010jd014928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Gardiner T, Mead MI, Garcelon S, Robinson R, Swann N, Hansford GM, Woods PT, Jones RL. A lightweight near-infrared spectrometer for the detection of trace atmospheric species. Rev Sci Instrum 2010; 81:083102. [PMID: 20815598 DOI: 10.1063/1.3455827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the development and deployment of a lightweight in situ near-infrared tunable diode laser absorption spectrometer (TDLAS) for balloon-borne measurements of trace species such as methane in the upper troposphere and stratosphere. The key feature of the instrument design is its ability to provide high sensitivity measurements with better than 1 part in 10(6) Hz(-1/2) optical sensitivity in a lightweight package weighing as little as 6 kg, and maintaining this level of performance over the wide range of conditions experienced during field measurements. The absolute accuracy for methane measurements is approximately 10% limited by uncertainties in determining the gas temperature in the measurement volume. The high sensitivity and high temporal resolution (2.3 s measurement period) enables details of the fine-scale structure in the atmosphere to be measured. The TDLAS instrument has been used on a number of major international measurement campaigns. Intercomparison with other instruments during these campaigns have confirmed the comparability of the results from this instrument with measurements made by a range of other techniques, and demonstrated the instruments suitability for studies of atmospheric dynamics, transport, and mixing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Gardiner
- National Physical Laboratory, Teddington, Middlesex TW11 0LW, United Kingdom
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Santee ML, Lambert A, Read WG, Livesey NJ, Manney GL, Cofield RE, Cuddy DT, Daffer WH, Drouin BJ, Froidevaux L, Fuller RA, Jarnot RF, Knosp BW, Perun VS, Snyder WV, Stek PC, Thurstans RP, Wagner PA, Waters JW, Connor B, Urban J, Murtagh D, Ricaud P, Barret B, Kleinböhl A, Kuttippurath J, Küllmann H, von Hobe M, Toon GC, Stachnik RA. Validation of the Aura Microwave Limb Sounder ClO measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008. [DOI: 10.1029/2007jd008762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Marcy TP, Fahey DW, Gao RS, Popp PJ, Richard EC, Thompson TL, Rosenlof KH, Ray EA, Salawitch RJ, Atherton CS, Bergmann DJ, Ridley BA, Weinheimer AJ, Loewenstein M, Weinstock EM, Mahoney MJ. Quantifying Stratospheric Ozone in the Upper Troposphere with in Situ Measurements of HCl. Science 2004; 304:261-5. [PMID: 15073371 DOI: 10.1126/science.1093418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
We have developed a chemical ionization mass spectrometry technique for precise in situ measurements of hydrochloric acid (HCl) from a high-altitude aircraft. In measurements at subtropical latitudes, minimum HCl values found in the upper troposphere (UT) were often near or below the detection limit of the measurements (0.005 parts per billion by volume), indicating that background HCl values are much lower than a global mean estimate. However, significant abundances of HCl were observed in many UT air parcels, as a result of stratosphere-to-troposphere transport events. We developed a method for diagnosing the amount of stratospheric ozone in these UT parcels using the compact linear correlation of HCl with ozone found throughout the lower stratosphere (LS). Expanded use of this method will lead to improved quantification of cross-tropopause transport events and validation of global chemical transport models.
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Affiliation(s)
- T P Marcy
- Aeronomy Laboratory, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, Boulder, CO 80305, USA.
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Konopka P. Mixing and ozone loss in the 1999–2000 Arctic vortex: Simulations with the three-dimensional Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1029/2003jd003792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald C Cohen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720-1460, USA
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Schauffler SM. Chlorine budget and partitioning during the Stratospheric Aerosol and Gas Experiment (SAGE) III Ozone Loss and Validation Experiment (SOLVE). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd002040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Kanzawa H. Validation and data characteristics of nitrous oxide and methane profiles observed by the Improved Limb Atmospheric Spectrometer (ILAS) and processed with the Version 5.20 algorithm. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2003. [DOI: 10.1029/2002jd002458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Drdla
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
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Drdla K, Gandrud BW, Baumgardner D, Wilson JC, Bui TP, Hurst D, Schauffler SM, Jost H, Greenblatt JB, Webster CR. Evidence for the widespread presence of liquid-phase particles during the 1999-2000 Arctic winter. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Drdla
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - B. W. Gandrud
- National Center for Atmospheric Research; Boulder Colorado USA
| | - D. Baumgardner
- Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico; Mexico City Mexico
| | | | - T. P. Bui
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
| | - D. Hurst
- NOAA Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
- Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences; University of Colorado; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - H. Jost
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
- Bay Area Environmental Research Institute; Sonoma California USA
| | - J. B. Greenblatt
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
- Program in Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences; Princeton University; Princeton New Jersey USA
| | - C. R. Webster
- NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory; Pasadena California USA
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Drdla K, Schoeberl MR, Browell EV. Microphysical modeling of the 1999-2000 Arctic winter: 1. Polar stratospheric clouds, denitrification, and dehydration. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Drdla
- NASA Ames Research Center; Moffett Field California USA
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Kawa SR, Bevilacqua RM, Margitan JJ, Douglass AR, Schoeberl MR, Hoppel KW, Sen B. Interaction between dynamics and chemistry of ozone in the setup phase of the Northern Hemisphere polar vortex. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. R. Kawa
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | | | - J. J. Margitan
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - A. R. Douglass
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center; Greenbelt Maryland USA
| | | | - K. W. Hoppel
- Naval Research Laboratory; Washington, D. C. USA
| | - B. Sen
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
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Irion FW, Gunson MR, Toon GC, Chang AY, Eldering A, Mahieu E, Manney GL, Michelsen HA, Moyer EJ, Newchurch MJ, Osterman GB, Rinsland CP, Salawitch RJ, Sen B, Yung YL, Zander R. Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) Experiment Version 3 data retrievals. Appl Opt 2002; 41:6968-6979. [PMID: 12463241 DOI: 10.1364/ao.41.006968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Version 3 of the Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) experiment data set for some 30 trace and minor gas profiles is available. From the IR solar-absorption spectra measured during four Space Shuttle missions (in 1985, 1992, 1993, and 1994), profiles from more than 350 occultations were retrieved from the upper troposphere to the lower mesosphere. Previous results were unreliable for tropospheric retrievals, but with a new global-fitting algorithm profiles are reliably returned down to altitudes as low as 6.5 km (clouds permitting) and include notably improved retrievals of H2O, CO, and other species. Results for stratospheric water are more consistent across the ATMOS spectral filters and do not indicate a net consumption of H2 in the upper stratosphere. A new sulfuric-acid aerosol product is described. An overview of ATMOS Version 3 processing is presented with a discussion of estimated uncertainties. Differences between these Version 3 and previously reported Version 2 ATMOS results are discussed. Retrievals are available at http://atmos.jpl.nasa.gov/atmos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fredrick W Irion
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91109, USA.
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Müller R, Tilmes S, Grooß JU, McKenna DS, Müller M, Schmidt U, Toon GC, Stachnik RA, Margitan JJ, Elkins JW, Arvelius J, Russell JM. Chlorine activation and chemical ozone loss deduced from HALOE and balloon measurements in the Arctic during the winter of 1999-2000. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rolf Müller
- Institut für Stratosphärenforschung (ICG-I); Forschungszentrum Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Simone Tilmes
- Institut für Stratosphärenforschung (ICG-I); Forschungszentrum Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Jens-Uwe Grooß
- Institut für Stratosphärenforschung (ICG-I); Forschungszentrum Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Daniel S. McKenna
- Institut für Stratosphärenforschung (ICG-I); Forschungszentrum Jülich; Jülich Germany
| | - Melanie Müller
- Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Ulrich Schmidt
- Institut für Meteorologie und Geophysik; Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität; Frankfurt Germany
| | - Geoffrey C. Toon
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - Robert A. Stachnik
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - James J. Margitan
- Jet Propulsion Laboratory; California Institute of Technology; Pasadena California USA
| | - James W. Elkins
- National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration; Climate Monitoring and Diagnostics Laboratory; Boulder Colorado USA
| | | | - James M. Russell
- Center for Atmospheric Sciences; Hampton University; Hampton Virginia USA
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Hoor P, Fischer H, Lange L, Lelieveld J, Brunner D. Seasonal variations of a mixing layer in the lowermost stratosphere as identified by the CO-O3correlation from in situ measurements. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd000289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 144] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter Hoor
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | | | - Lutz Lange
- Max Planck Institute for Chemistry; Mainz Germany
| | | | - Dominik Brunner
- Royal Netherlands Meteorological Institute; De Bilt Netherlands
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Salawitch RJ. Chemical loss of ozone during the Arctic winter of 1999/2000: An analysis based on balloon-borne observations. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Esler JG. A method for estimating the extent of denitrification of arctic polar vortex air from tracer-tracer scatter plots. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd001071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Michelsen HA. ATMOS version 3 water vapor measurements: Comparisons with observations from two ER-2 Lyman-α hygrometers, MkIV, HALOE, SAGE II, MAS, and MLS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1029/2001jd000587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Voss PB, Stimpfle RM, Cohen RC, Hanisco TF, Bonne GP, Perkins KK, Lanzendorf EJ, Anderson JG, Salawitch RJ, Webster CR, Scott DC, May RD, Wennberg PO, Newman PA, Lait LR, Elkins JW, Bui TP. Inorganic chlorine partitioning in the summer lower stratosphere: Modeled and measured [ClONO2]/[HCl] during POLARIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2001. [DOI: 10.1029/2000jd900494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Webster CR, Michelsen HA, Gunson MR, Margitan JJ, Russell JM, Toon GC, Traub WA. Response of lower stratospheric HCl/Clyto volcanic aerosol: Observations from aircraft, balloon, space shuttle, and satellite instruments. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2000. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd901135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Rex M, Salawitch RJ, Toon GC, Sen B, Margitan JJ, Osterman GB, Blavier JF, Gao RS, Donnelly S, Keim E, Neuman J, Fahey DW, Webster CR, Scott DC, Herman RL, May RD, Moyer EJ, Gunson MR, Irion FW, Chang AY, Rinsland CP, Bui TP. Subsidence, mixing, and denitrification of Arctic polar vortex air measured during POLARIS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Toon GC, Blavier JF, Sen B, Salawitch RJ, Osterman GB, Notholt J, Rex M, McElroy CT, Russell JM. Ground-based observations of Arctic O3loss during spring and summer 1997. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Drdla K, Pueschel RF, Strawa AW, Cohen RC, Hanisco TF. Microphysics and chemistry of sulphate aerosols at warm stratospheric temperatures. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Newman PA, Fahey DW, Brune WH, Kurylo MJ, Kawa SR. Preface [to special section on Photochemistry of Ozone Loss in the Arctic Region in Summer (POLARIS)]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Sen B, Osterman GB, Salawitch RJ, Toon GC, Margitan JJ, Blavier JF, Chang AY, May RD, Webster CR, Stimpfle RM, Bonne GP, Voss PB, Perkins KK, Anderson JG, Cohen RC, Elkins JW, Dutton GS, Hurst DF, Romashkin PA, Atlas EL, Schauffler SM, Loewenstein M. The budget and partitioning of stratospheric chlorine during the 1997 Arctic summer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1999. [DOI: 10.1029/1999jd900245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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