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Zhang Y, Feng Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Qiu L, Liu Y, Peng S, Li R, Kuang N, Shi Q, Shi Y, Chen Y, Joshi R, Wang Z, Yuan K, Min W. Tumor-Targeted Gene Silencing IDO Synergizes PTT-Induced Apoptosis and Enhances Anti-tumor Immunity. Front Immunol 2020; 11:968. [PMID: 32582152 PMCID: PMC7295913 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Photothermal therapy (PTT) has been demonstrated to be a promising cancer treatment approach because it can be modulated to induce apoptosis instead of necrosis via adjusting irradiation conditions. Recently, an abscopal anti-tumor immunity has been highlighted, in which PTT on the primary tumor also induced repression of distant tumors. In PTT cancer treatments, the mechanism and the role of immune checkpoints to enhance anti-tumor immunity needs to be investigated. Methods: We prepared a multi-functional gold nanorod reagent, GMPF-siIDO, that is composed of gold nanorods (GNRs) that act as the nano-platform and photothermal sensitizer; folic acid (FA) as the tumor-targeting moiety; and IDO-specific RNA (siIDO) as an immune-stimulator functionality for inducing anti-tumor immunity. For this study, we adjusted the irradiation condition of PTT to induce apoptosis and to silence the immune checkpoint indoleamine 2,3 dioxygeonase (IDO), simultaneously. Results: Our studies provide evidence that photothermal effects kill tumor cells mainly via inducing apoptosis, which can significantly improve antitumor immunity when IDO was down-regulated in TME through significant increases of localized CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocytes in tumor tissue, the downregulation of CD8+ and CD4+ lymphocyte apoptosis, and the upregulation of antitumor cytokines, TNF-α and IFN-γ. Conclusion: In this study, we, for the first time, validated the role of IDO as a negative regulator for both PTT-induced tumor cell apoptosis and anti-tumor immunity; IDO is a critical immune checkpoint that impedes PTT while combination of gene knockdown of IDO in TME enhances anti-tumor efficacy of PTT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujuan Zhang
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Yuanyuan Feng
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Medical Science Laboratory, Children's Hospital, Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, China
| | - Yanqing Huang
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Yifan Wang
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Li Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Liu
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Shanshan Peng
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Li
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Nanzhen Kuang
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Qiaofa Shi
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China
| | - Yanmei Shi
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yiguo Chen
- Medical Laboratory, Jiangxi Provincial People's Hospital, Nanchang, China
| | - Rakesh Joshi
- Department of Surgery, Pathology and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Keng Yuan
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China
| | - Weiping Min
- Institute of Immunotherapy and College of Basic Medicine of Nanchang University, and Jiangxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Immunotherapy, Nanchang, China.,Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Department of Surgery, Pathology and Oncology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada
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