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Park WY, Park J, Lee S, Song G, Nam IK, Ahn KS, Choe SK, Um JY. PEX13 is required for thermogenesis of white adipose tissue in cold-exposed mice. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2021; 1867:159046. [PMID: 34517131 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2021.159046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Non-shivering thermogenesis (NST) is a heat generating process controlled by the mitochondria of brown adipose tissue (BAT). In the recent decade, 'functionally' acting brown adipocytes in white adipose tissue (WAT) has been identified as well: the so-called process of the 'browning' of WAT. While the importance of uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1)-oriented mitochondrial activation has been intensely studied, the role of peroxisomes during the browning of white adipocytes is poorly understood. Here, we assess the change in peroxisomal membrane proteins, or peroxins (PEXs), during cold stimulation and importantly, the role of PEX13 in the cold-induced remodeling of white adipocytes. PEX13, a protein that originally functions as a docking factor and is involved in protein import into peroxisome matrix, was highly increased during cold-induced recruitment of beige adipocytes within the inguinal WAT of C57BL/6 mice. Moreover, beige-induced 3 T3-L1 adipocytes and stromal vascular fraction (SVF) cells by exposure to the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) agonist rosiglitazone showed a significant increase in mitochondrial thermogenic factors along with peroxisomal proteins including PEX13, and these were confirmed in SVF cells with the beta 3 adrenergic receptor (β3AR)-selective agonist CL316,243. To verify the relevance of PEX13, we used the RNA silencing method targeting the Pex13 gene and evaluated the subsequent beige development in SVF cells. Interestingly, siPex13 treatment suppressed expression of thermogenic proteins such as UCP1 and PPARγ coactivator 1 alpha (PGC1α). Overall, our data provide evidence supporting the role of peroxisomal proteins, in particular PEX13, during beige remodeling of white adipocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Yong Park
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinbong Park
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation and Department of Comorbodity Research, KyungHee Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Sujin Lee
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Gahee Song
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - In-Koo Nam
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Graduate School, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-Gu, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation and Department of Comorbodity Research, KyungHee Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Seong-Kyu Choe
- Department of Microbiology, Wonkwang University School of Medicine, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Um
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Republic of Korea; Basic Research Laboratory for Comorbidity Regulation and Department of Comorbodity Research, KyungHee Institute of Convergence Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 02447, Korea..
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Li Y, Tríbulo P, Bakhtiarizadeh MR, Siqueira LG, Ji T, Rivera RM, Hansen PJ. Conditions of embryo culture from days 5 to 7 of development alter the DNA methylome of the bovine fetus at day 86 of gestation. J Assist Reprod Genet 2020; 37:417-26. [PMID: 31838628 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-019-01652-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We tested whether in vitro production (IVP) causes changes in DNA methylation in fetal liver and skeletal muscle and if exposure of cultured embryos to colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2) alters DNA methylation. METHODS Female fetuses were produced by artificial insemination or transfer of an IVP embryo. Embryos were treated from days 5 to 7 after fertilization with CSF2 or vehicle. DNA methylation in fetal liver and skeletal muscle was determined by post-bisulfite adaptor tagging-based sequencing. The degree of DNA methylation for CpG sites in 50-bp windows of the promoter region 500 bp upstream of the transcriptional start site was compared between treatments. RESULTS For liver, there were 12 genes (6% of those analyzed) in which DNA methylation was affected by treatment, with one 50-bp window per gene affected by treatment. For muscle, the degree of DNA methylation was affected by treatment for 32 windows (19% of the total windows analyzed) representing 28 distinct genes (23% of analyzed genes). For 19 of the 28 genes in muscle, the greatest deviation in DNA methylation was for the CSF2 group. CONCLUSION Results are consistent with alterations in the methylome being one of the mechanisms by which IVP can result in altered fetal development and postnatal function in the resultant offspring. In addition, results indicate that maternally derived cell-signaling molecules can regulate the pattern of DNA methylation.
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Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a technique to create an embryo using an enucleated oocyte and a donor nucleus. Nucleus of somatic cells must be reprogrammed in order to participate in normal development within an enucleated egg. Reprogramming refers to the erasing and remodeling of cellular epigenetic marks to a lower differentiation state. Somatic nuclei must be reprogrammed by factors in the oocyte cytoplasm to a rather totipotent state since the reconstructed embryo must initiate embryo development from the one cell stage to term. In embryos reconstructed by nuclear transfer, the donor genetic material must respond to the cytoplasmic environment of the cytoplast and recapitulate this normal developmental process. Enucleation is critically important for cloning efficiency because may affect the ultrastructure of the remaining cytoplast, thus resulting in a decline or destruction of its cellular compartments. Nonetheless, the effects of in vitro culturing are yet to be fully understood. In vitro oocyte maturation can affect the abundance of specific transcripts and are likely to deplete the developmental competence. The epigenetic modifications established during cellular differentiation are a major factor determining this low efficiency as they act as epigenetic barriers restricting reprogramming of somatic nuclei. In this review we discuss some factors that could impact cell differentiation in embryo generated by nuclear transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata Simões
- a Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC , SP , Brazil
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Ramírez-López MT, Vázquez M, Bindila L, Lomazzo E, Hofmann C, Blanco RN, Alén F, Antón M, Decara J, Arco R, Ouro D, Orio L, Suárez J, Lutz B, Gómez de Heras R, Rodríguez de Fonseca F. Maternal Caloric Restriction Implemented during the Preconceptional and Pregnancy Period Alters Hypothalamic and Hippocampal Endocannabinoid Levels at Birth and Induces Overweight and Increased Adiposity at Adulthood in Male Rat Offspring. Front Behav Neurosci 2016; 10:208. [PMID: 27847471 PMCID: PMC5088205 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2016.00208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 10/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to inadequate nutritional conditions in critical windows of development has been associated to disturbances on metabolism and behavior in the offspring later in life. The role of the endocannabinoid system, a known regulator of energy expenditure and adaptive behaviors, in the modulation of these processes is unknown. In the present study, we investigated the impact of exposing rat dams to diet restriction (20% less calories than standard diet) during pre-gestational and gestational periods on: (a) neonatal outcomes; (b) endocannabinoid content in hypothalamus, hippocampus and olfactory bulb at birth; (c) metabolism-related parameters; and (d) behavior in adult male offspring. We found that calorie-restricted dams tended to have a reduced litter size, although the offspring showed normal weight at birth. Pups from calorie-restricted dams also exhibited a strong decrease in the levels of anandamide (AEA), 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), arachidonic acid (AA) and palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) in the hypothalamus at birth. Additionally, pups from diet-restricted dams displayed reduced levels of AEA in the hippocampus without significant differences in the olfactory bulb. Moreover, offspring exhibited increased weight gain, body weight and adiposity in adulthood as well as increased anxiety-related responses. We propose that endocannabinoid signaling is altered by a maternal caloric restriction implemented during the preconceptional and pregnancy periods, which might lead to modifications of the hypothalamic and hippocampal circuits, potentially contributing to the long-term effects found in the adult offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariam Vázquez
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de MálagaMálaga, Spain
| | - Laura Bindila
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | - Ermelinda Lomazzo
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | - Clementine Hofmann
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | - Rosarío Noemí Blanco
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Alén
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - María Antón
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Decara
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga Málaga, Spain
| | - Rocío Arco
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga Málaga, Spain
| | - Daniel Ouro
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Orio
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Suárez
- Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga Málaga, Spain
| | - Beat Lutz
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University of Mainz Mainz, Germany
| | - Raquel Gómez de Heras
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Rodríguez de Fonseca
- Departamento de Psicobiología, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de MadridMadrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga (IBIMA), Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Salud Mental, Hospital Regional Universitario de Málaga, Universidad de MálagaMálaga, Spain
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Gómez E, Muñoz M, Simó C, Ibáñez C, Carrocera S, Martín-González D, Cifuentes A. Non-invasive metabolomics for improved determination of embryonic sex markers in chemically defined culture medium. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1474:138-144. [PMID: 27823786 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2016.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/26/2016] [Accepted: 10/31/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic differences between early male and female embryos can be reflected in culture medium (CM). We used a single bovine embryo culture step (24h) supporting improved birth rates under chemically defined conditions (CDC) to investigate biomarker detection of embryonic sex in contrast to classical BSA-containing medium. In vitro matured slaughterhouse oocytes were fertilized in vitro with a single bull. Embryos were initially cultured in synthetic oviduct fluid with BSA. On day-6, morulae were cultured individually in droplets with (BSA) or without protein (CDC). On day-7, expanded blastocysts were sexed (amelogenin gene amplification) and CM was stored at -145°C until metabolomic analysis by UHPLC-TOF MS. N=10 embryos per group (i.e. male-protein; female-protein; male-non-protein; female-non-protein) were produced. Statistical analysis revealed N=6 metabolites with different concentrations in CM, N=5 in male embryos (methionine, tryptophan, N-stearoyl-valine, biotin and pipecolic acid), N=1 in female embryos (threonine) (P<0.05 in BSA; P<10-7 in CDC). Only the clear threshold between males and females in CDC allowed correct classification of 100% males and 91% females within 5 out of 6 biomarkers (one female outlier showing the male biomarker profile). The use of CDC represents a critical aspect in the efficient detection of embryonic sex biomarkers by metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gómez
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Área de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain, Spain
| | - M Muñoz
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Área de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain, Spain.
| | - C Simó
- Foodomics Lab & Metabolomics Platform, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - C Ibáñez
- Foodomics Lab & Metabolomics Platform, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - S Carrocera
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Área de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain, Spain
| | - D Martín-González
- Servicio Regional de Investigación y Desarrollo Agroalimentario (SERIDA), Centro de Biotecnología Animal, Área de Genética y Reproducción Animal, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain, Spain
| | - A Cifuentes
- Foodomics Lab & Metabolomics Platform, CIAL, CSIC, Nicolas Cabrera 9, 28049 Madrid, Spain
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Hansen PJ, Dobbs KB, Denicol AC, Siqueira LGB. Sex and the preimplantation embryo: implications of sexual dimorphism in the preimplantation period for maternal programming of embryonic development. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 363:237-247. [PMID: 26391275 PMCID: PMC4703572 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-015-2287-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The developmental program of the embryo displays a plasticity that can result in long-acting effects that extend into postnatal life. In mammals, adult phenotype can be altered by changes in the maternal environment during the preimplantation period. One characteristic of developmental programming during this time is that the change in adult phenotype is often different for female offspring than for male offspring. In this paper, we propose the hypothesis that sexual dimorphism in preimplantation programming is mediated, at least in part, by sex-specific responses of embryos to maternal regulatory molecules whose secretion is dependent on the maternal environment. The strongest evidence for this idea comes from the study of colony-stimulating factor 2 (CSF2). Expression of CSF2 from the oviduct and endometrium is modified by environmental factors of the mother, in particular seminal plasma and obesity. Additionally, CSF2 alters several properties of the preimplantation embryo and has been shown to alleviate negative consequences of culture of mouse embryos on postnatal phenotype in a sex-dependent manner. In cattle, exposure of preimplantation bovine embryos to CSF2 causes sex-specific changes in gene expression, interferon-τ secretion and DNA methylation later in pregnancy (day 15 of gestation). It is likely that several embryokines can alter postnatal phenotype through actions directed towards the preimplantation embryo. Identification of these molecules and elucidation of the mechanisms by which sexually-disparate programming is established will lead to new insights into the control and manipulation of embryonic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 110910, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0910, USA.
| | - Kyle B Dobbs
- Department of Biology, Mugar 212-213, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Anna C Denicol
- Department of Biology, Mugar 212-213, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Luiz G B Siqueira
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 110910, Gainesville, FL, 32611-0910, USA
- Embrapa Gado de Leite, Rua Eugenio do Nascimento, 610, Juiz de Fora, MG 36038-330, Brazil
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Lavara R, Baselga M, Marco-Jiménez F, Vicente JS. Embryo vitrification in rabbits: Consequences for progeny growth. Theriogenology 2015; 84:674-80. [PMID: 26007610 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2015.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2015] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this research is to examine if there are any effects of the rederivation procedures on rabbit growth pattern and on weight of different organ in adults. For this purpose, three experiments were conducted on two different groups of animals (control group and vitrified-transferred group) to evaluate the possible effect of embryo manipulation (vitrification and transfer procedures) on future growth traits. The first experiment studies body weight from 1 to 9 weeks of age from the two groups. The second experiment describes the growth curve of progeny from experimental groups and analyzes their Gompertz curve parameters, including the estimation of adult body weight. The third experiment has been developed to study if there are any differences in different organ weight in adult males from the two experimental groups. In general, the results indicate that rederivation procedures had effect on the phenotypic expression of growth traits. The results showed that rabbit produced by vitrification and embryo transfer had higher body weight in the first four weeks of age than control progeny. Results from body weight (a parameter) and b parameter estimated by fitting the Gompertz growth curve did not show any difference between experimental groups. However, differences related with growth velocity (k parameter of the Gompertz curve) were observed among them, showing that the control group had higher growth velocity than the vitrified-transferred group. In addition, we found that liver weight at 40th week of age exhibits significant differences between the experimental groups. The liver weight was higher in the control males than in the VF males. Although the present results indicate that vitrification and transfer procedures might affect some traits related with growth in rabbits, further research is needed to assess the mechanisms involved in the appearance of these phenotypes and if these phenotypes could be transferred to the future progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lavara
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain; INRA, UMR1388 Génétique, Physiologie et Systèmes d'Elevage, Castanet-Tolosan, France.
| | - M Baselga
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - F Marco-Jiménez
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - J S Vicente
- Instituto de Ciencia y Tecnología Animal, Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain
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