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Shelud'ko A, Volokhina I, Mokeev D, Telesheva E, Yevstigneeva S, Burov A, Tugarova A, Shirokov A, Burigin G, Matora L, Petrova L. Chromosomal gene of hybrid multisensor histidine kinase is involved in motility regulation in the rhizobacterium Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245 under mechanical and water stress. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2023; 39:336. [PMID: 37814195 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03785-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Azospirillum alphaproteobacteria, which live in the rhizosphere of many crops, are used widely as biofertilizers. Two-component signal transduction systems (TCSs) mediate the bacterial perception of signals and the corresponding adjustment of behavior facilitating the adaptation of bacteria to their habitats. In this study, we obtained the A. baldaniorum Sp245 mutant for the AZOBR_150176 gene, which encodes the TCS of the hybrid histidine kinase/response sensory regulator (HSHK-RR). Inactivation of this gene affected bacterial morphology and motility. In mutant Sp245-HSHKΔRR-Km, the cells were still able to synthesize a functioning polar flagellum (Fla), were shorter than those of strain Sp245, and were impaired in aerotaxis, elaboration of inducible lateral flagella (Laf), and motility in semiliquid media. The mutant showed decreased transcription of the genes encoding the proteins of the secretion apparatus, which ensures the assembly of Laf, Laf flagellin, and the repressor protein of translation of the Laf flagellin's mRNA. The study examined the effects of polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG 6000), an agent used to simulate osmotic stress and drought conditions. Under osmotic stress, the mutant was no longer able to use collective motility in semiliquid media but formed more biofilm biomass than did strain Sp245. Introduction into mutant cells of the AZOBR_150176 gene as part of an expression vector led to recovery of the lost traits, including those mediating bacterial motility under mechanical stress induced by increased medium density. The results suggest that the HSHK-RR under study modulates the response of A. baldaniorum Sp245 to mechanical and osmotic/water stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrei Shelud'ko
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia.
| | - Irina Volokhina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Dmitry Mokeev
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Elizaveta Telesheva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Stella Yevstigneeva
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Andrei Burov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Anna Tugarova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Alexander Shirokov
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Gennady Burigin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Larisa Matora
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
| | - Lilia Petrova
- Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Centre of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBPPM RAS), 13 Prospekt Entuziastov, Saratov, 410049, Russia
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Martínez MDLÁM, Urzúa LS, Carrillo YA, Ramírez MB, Morales LJM. Polyhydroxybutyrate Metabolism in Azospirillum brasilense and Its Applications, a Review. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3027. [PMID: 37514417 PMCID: PMC10383645 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Gram-negative Azospirillum brasilense accumulates approximately 80% of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as dry cell weight. For this reason, this bacterium has been characterized as one of the main microorganisms that produce PHB. PHB is synthesized inside bacteria by the polymerization of 3-hydroxybutyrate monomers. In this review, we are focusing on the analysis of the PHB production by A. brasilense in order to understand the metabolism during PHB accumulation. First, the carbon and nitrogen sources used to improve PHB accumulation are discussed. A. brasilense accumulates more PHB when it is grown on a minimal medium containing a high C/N ratio, mainly from malate and ammonia chloride, respectively. The metabolic pathways to accumulate and mobilize PHB in A. brasilense are mentioned and compared with those of other microorganisms. Next, we summarize the available information to understand the role of the genes involved in the regulation of PHB metabolism as well as the role of PHB in the physiology of Azospirillum. Finally, we made a comparison between the properties of PHB and polypropylene, and we discussed some applications of PHB in biomedical and commercial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- María de Los Ángeles Martínez Martínez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Av. 24 Sur, Col. San Manuel Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Lucía Soto Urzúa
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Av. 24 Sur, Col. San Manuel Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Yovani Aguilar Carrillo
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Av. 24 Sur, Col. San Manuel Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Mirian Becerril Ramírez
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Av. 24 Sur, Col. San Manuel Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
| | - Luis Javier Martínez Morales
- Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Av. San Claudio y Av. 24 Sur, Col. San Manuel Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Mexico
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Kamnev AA, Dyatlova YA, Kenzhegulov OA, Fedonenko YP, Evstigneeva SS, Tugarova AV. Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopic Study of Biofilms Formed by the Rhizobacterium Azospirillum baldaniorum Sp245: Aspects of Methodology and Matrix Composition. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28041949. [PMID: 36838937 PMCID: PMC9962177 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28041949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilms represent the main mode of existence of bacteria and play very significant roles in many industrial, medical and agricultural fields. Analysis of biofilms is a challenging task owing to their sophisticated composition, heterogeneity and variability. In this study, biofilms formed by the rhizobacterium Azospirillum baldaniorum (strain Sp245), isolated biofilm matrix and its macrocomponents have for the first time been studied in detail, using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, with a special emphasis on the methodology. The accompanying novel data of comparative chemical analyses of the biofilm matrix, its fractions and lipopolysaccharide isolated from the outer membrane of the cells of this strain, as well as their electrophoretic analyses (SDS-PAGE) have been found to be in good agreement with the FTIR spectroscopic results.
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Mokeev DI, Volokhina IV, Telesheva EM, Evstigneeva SS, Grinev VS, Pylaev TE, Petrova LP, Shelud’ko AV. Resistance of Biofilms Formed by the Soil Bacterium Azospirillum brasilense to Osmotic Stress. Microbiology (Reading) 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261722601567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
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Evstigneeva SS, Telesheva EM, Mokeev DI, Borisov IV, Petrova LP, Shelud’ko AV. Response of Bacteria to Mechanical Stimuli. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721050052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract—
Bacteria adapt rapidly to changes in ambient conditions, constantly inspecting their surroundings by means of their sensor systems. These systems are often thought to respond only to signals of a chemical nature. Yet, bacteria are often affected by mechanical forces, e.g., during transition from planktonic to sessile state. Mechanical stimuli, however, have seldom been considered as the signals bacteria can sense and respond to. Nonetheless, bacteria perceive mechanical stimuli, generate signals, and develop responses. This review analyzes the information on the way bacteria respond to mechanical stimuli and outlines how bacteria convert incoming signals into appropriate responses.
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Petrova LP, Filip’echeva YA, Telesheva EM, Pylaev TE, Shelud’ko AV. Variations in Lipopolysaccharide Synthesis Affect Formation of Azospirillum baldaniorum Biofilms in planta at Elevated Copper Content. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s002626172104010x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Shelud’ko AV, Mokeev DI, Evstigneeva SS, Filip’echeva YA, Burov AM, Petrova LP, Katsy EI. Suppressed Biofilm Formation Efficiency and Decreased Biofilm Resistance to Oxidative Stress and Drying in an Azospirillum brasilense
ahpC Mutant. Microbiology (Reading) 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261721010100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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