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Sinha S, Pal T. A comprehensive review of FET‐based pH sensors: materials, fabrication technologies, and modeling. Electrochemical Science Advances 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Soumendu Sinha
- CSIR – Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CEERI) Pilani Rajasthan India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR) Ghaziabad Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Tapas Pal
- CSIR – Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute (CEERI) Pilani Rajasthan India
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Mani GK, Miyakoda K, Saito A, Yasoda Y, Kajiwara K, Kimura M, Tsuchiya K. Microneedle pH Sensor: Direct, Label-Free, Real-Time Detection of Cerebrospinal Fluid and Bladder pH. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:21651-21659. [PMID: 28585801 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b04225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Acid-base homeostasis (body pH) inside the body is precisely controlled by the kidneys and lungs and buffer systems, such that even a minor pH change could severely affect many organs. Blood and urine pH tests are common in day-to-day clinical trials and require little effort for diagnosis. There is always a great demand for in vivo testing to understand more about body metabolism and to provide effective diagnosis and therapy. In this article, we report the simple fabrication of microneedle-based direct, label-free, and real-time pH sensors. The reference and working electrodes were Ag/AgCl thick films and ZnO thin films on tungsten (W) microneedles, respectively. The morphological and structural characteristics of microneedles were carefully investigated through various analytical methods. The developed sensor exhibited a Nernstian response of -46 mV/pH. Different conditions were used to test the sensor to confirm their accuracy and stability, such as various buffer solutions, with respect to time, and we compared the reading with commercial pH electrodes. Besides that, the fabricated microneedle sensor ability is proven by in vivo testing in mouse cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and bladders. The pH sensor procedure reported here is totally reversible, and results were reproducible after several rounds of testing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Kagemasa Kajiwara
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University , 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
| | - Minoru Kimura
- Department of Molecular Life Science, Tokai University , 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan
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Mani GK, Morohoshi M, Yasoda Y, Yokoyama S, Kimura H, Tsuchiya K. ZnO-Based Microfluidic pH Sensor: A Versatile Approach for Quick Recognition of Circulating Tumor Cells in Blood. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:5193-5203. [PMID: 28117972 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present study is concerned about the development of highly sensitive and stable microfluidic pH sensor for possible identification of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood. The precise pH measurements between silver-silver chloride (Ag/AgCl) reference electrode and zinc oxide (ZnO) working electrode have been investigated in the microfluidic device. Since there is a direct link between pH and cancer cells, the developed device is one of the valuable tools to examine circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in blood. The ZnO-based working electrode was deposited by radio frequency (rf) sputtering technique. The potential voltage difference between the working and reference electrodes (Ag/AgCl) is evaluated on the microfluidic device. The ideal Nernstian response of -43.71165 mV/pH was achieved along with high stability and quick response time. Finally, to evaluate the real time capability of the developed microfluidic device, in vitro testing was done with A549, A7r5, and MDCK cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganesh Kumar Mani
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, ‡Graduate School of Science and Technology, §Department of Mechanical Engineering, and ∥Department of Precision Engineering, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Madoka Morohoshi
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, ‡Graduate School of Science and Technology, §Department of Mechanical Engineering, and ∥Department of Precision Engineering, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yasoda
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, ‡Graduate School of Science and Technology, §Department of Mechanical Engineering, and ∥Department of Precision Engineering, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Sho Yokoyama
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, ‡Graduate School of Science and Technology, §Department of Mechanical Engineering, and ∥Department of Precision Engineering, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kimura
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, ‡Graduate School of Science and Technology, §Department of Mechanical Engineering, and ∥Department of Precision Engineering, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
| | - Kazuyoshi Tsuchiya
- Micro/Nano Technology Center, ‡Graduate School of Science and Technology, §Department of Mechanical Engineering, and ∥Department of Precision Engineering, Tokai University , 4-1-1 Kitakaname, Hiratsuka, Kanagawa 259-1292, Japan
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