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Plavec R, Horváth V, Hlaváčiková S, Omaníková L, Repiská M, Medlenová E, Feranc J, Kruželák J, Přikryl R, Figalla S, Kontárová S, Baco A, Danišová L, Vanovčanová Z, Alexy P. Influence of Multiple Thermomechanical Processing of 3D Filaments Based on Polylactic Acid and Polyhydroxybutyrate on Their Rheological and Utility Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14101947. [PMID: 35631830 PMCID: PMC9143941 DOI: 10.3390/polym14101947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
This study focused on material recycling of a biodegradable blend based on PLA and PHB for multiple applications of biodegradable polymeric material under real conditions. In this study, we investigated the effect of multiple processing of a biodegradable polymer blend under the trade name NONOILEN®, which was processed under laboratory as well as industrial conditions. In this article, we report on testing the effect of blending and multiple processing on thermomechanical stability, molecular characteristics, as well as thermophysical and mechanical properties of experimental- and industrial-type tested material suitable for FDM 3D technology. The results showed that the studied material degraded during blending and subsequently during multiple processing. Even after partial degradation, which was demonstrated by a decrease in average molecular weight and a decrease in complex viscosity in the process of multiple reprocessing, there was no significant change in the material’s thermophysical properties, either in laboratory or industrial conditions. There was also no negative impact on the strength characteristics of multiple processed samples. The results of this work show that a biodegradable polymer blend based on PLA and PHB is a suitable candidate for material recycling even in industrial processing conditions. In addition, the results suggest that the biodegradable polymeric material NONOILEN® 3D 3056-2 is suitable for multiple uses in FDM technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roderik Plavec
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vojtech Horváth
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Slávka Hlaváčiková
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Leona Omaníková
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Martina Repiská
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Elena Medlenová
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Jozef Feranc
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Ján Kruželák
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Radek Přikryl
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (R.P.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Silvestr Figalla
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (R.P.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Soňa Kontárová
- Institute of Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464/118, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (R.P.); (S.F.); (S.K.)
| | - Andrej Baco
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Lucia Danišová
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Zuzana Vanovčanová
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
| | - Pavol Alexy
- Institute of Natural and Synthetic Polymers, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.H.); (S.H.); (L.O.); (M.R.); (E.M.); (J.F.); (J.K.); (A.B.); (L.D.); (Z.V.); (P.A.)
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Houaoui A, Lyyra I, Agniel R, Pauthe E, Massera J, Boissière M. Dissolution, bioactivity and osteogenic properties of composites based on polymer and silicate or borosilicate bioactive glass. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl 2020; 107:110340. [PMID: 31761244 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2019.110340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 10/17/2019] [Accepted: 10/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Bioactive glass (BAG)/Poly (Lactic Acid) (PLA) composites have great potential for bone tissue engineering. The interest in these materials is to obtain a scaffold with tailorable properties bringing together the advantages of the composites' constituents such as the biodegradability, bioactivity and osteoinduction. The materials studied are PLA/13-93 and PLA/13-93B20 (20% of SiO2 is replaced with B2O3 in the 13-93 composition). To characterize them, they were dissolved in TRIS buffer and Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) in vitro. Over the 10 weeks of immersion in TRIS, the ion release from the composites was constant. Following immersion in SBF for 2 weeks, the hydroxyapatite (HA) layer was found to precipitate at the composites surface. By adding Boron, both these reactions were accelerated, as the borosilicate glass dissolves faster than pure silicate glass alone. Polymer degradation was studied and showed that during immersion, the pure PLA rods maintained their molecular weight whereby the composites decreased with time, but despite this the mechanical properties remained stable for at least 10 weeks. Their ability to induce osteogenic differentiation of myoblastic cells was also demonstrated with cell experiments showing that C2C12 cells were able to proliferate and spread on the composites. The Myosin Heavy Chain and Osteopontin were tracked by immunostaining the cells and showed a suppression of the myosin signal and the presence of osteopontin, when seeded onto the composites. This proves osteoinduction occurred. In studying the mineralization of the cells, it was found that BAG presence conditions the synthesizing of mineral matter in the cells. The results show that these composites have a potential for bone tissue engineering.
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Stasiek J, Malinowski R, Ligor T, Buszewski B. GC/MS analysis of gaseous degradation products formed during extrusion blow molding process of PE films. Chemical Papers 2010; 64. [DOI: 10.2478/s11696-010-0050-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
AbstractResults of the investigation of volatile organic compounds emission during polyethylene extrusion are presented. Two polymers of different processing properties were tested, namely linear low density polyethylene (ExxonMobil) and high density polyethylene (Liten FB 29). Blowing film extrusion in experimental technological line using a single screw extruder as the imported element was done. VOCs were collected on sorbent tubes containing Tenax. Gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS) was applied for the identification of volatile degradation products. PE LLD material emits a significantly larger amount of hydrocarbons than PE-HD. Its emission contains mainly C18 and C20 hydrocarbons (alkanes, 1-alkenes, and α,ω-alkadienes). In case of the PE-HD polymer, lower degradation was observed and C18 and C23 hydrocarbons were emitted.
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