Clinical outcome of anterior vs posterior approach for cervical spondylotic myelopathy

OBJECTIVE

The aim is to demonstrate whether there is clinical difference between posterior vs anterior decompression in cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

METHODS

Forty-two patient database was obtained from the Centro Medico Nacional de Occidente in Mexico, those who underwent surgical treatment for cervical myelopathy with a mean 1.4 year follow-up.

RESULTS

Patients were divided; group A (45%) anterior approach and group B (55%) posterior approach, for mJOA, group A had a lower score compare with group B. While in the Nurick score group B got a higher score compare with group A.

CONCLUSIONS

Posterior decompression resulted in better functional outcomes (p < 0.05).

Anterior decompression and fusion versus posterior laminoplasty for multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy

The optimal surgical strategy for anterior or posterior approaches remains controversial for multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy caused by multisegment cervical spondylotic myelopathy (MCSM) or ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament (OPLL). A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted evaluating the clinical results of anterior decompression and fusion (ADF) compared with posterior laminoplasty for patients with multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy. PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched for randomized controlled trials and nonrandomized cohort studies conducted from 1990 to May 2013 comparing ADF with posterior laminoplasty for the treatment of multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy due to MCSM or OPLL. The following outcome measures were extracted: Japanese Orthopedic Association (JOA) score, recovery rate, complication rate, reoperation rate, blood loss, and operative time. Subgroup analysis was conducted according to the mean number of surgical segments. Eleven studies were included in the review, all of which were prospective or retrospective cohort studies with relatively low quality indicated by GRADE Working Group assessment. A definitive conclusion could not be reached regarding which surgical approach is more effective for the treatment of multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy. Although ADF was associated with better postoperative neural function than posterior laminoplasty in the treatment of multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy due to MCSM or OPLL, there was no apparent difference in the neural function recovery rate between the 2 approaches. Higher rates of surgery-related complication and reoperation should be taken into consideration when ADF is used for patients with multilevel cervical compressive myelopathy. The surgical trauma associated with corpectomy was significantly higher than that associated with posterior laminoplasty.