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Bayked EM, Taye GN, Zewdie S, Aklilu T, Kahissay MH, Toleha HN. Pharmacy professionals' perceptions of their professional duties in the Ethiopian health care system: a mixed methods study. J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 16:152. [PMID: 37990338 PMCID: PMC10664507 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00656-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pharmacy professionals are experts in therapeutic knowledge, experience, and skills that are used to ensure desired patient outcomes, utilizing the best available clinical evidence and interventions in collaboration with the health care team. They perceive themselves as a provider of technical, standardized, and individualized advice. The objective of this study was thus to assess the perception of pharmacy professionals towards their current professional roles in the health care system in Dessie, a city in the north-east Ethiopian region. METHODS A mixed-methods sequential explanatory study was used to assess the perception of pharmacy professionals towards their professional roles in Dessie city administration from December 15-30, 2019. The study participants were all pharmacy professionals working at health facilities in Dessie. Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect quantitative data, and face-to-face key informant interviews were used for qualitative data collection. Data were entered, processed, and analyzed using SPSS 25.0 statistical software, and thematic analysis was used for the qualitative exploration using QDA Miner Lite software (v2.0.7, free edition version). RESULT The study had a 97.7% response rate. Of the 301 participants, 173 (57.5%) were male. Most of the participants had a positive perception, while 38 (12.6%) had a poor perception of their current professional roles. Lack of physical access, poor initiatives, poor communication skills, and a lack of administrative support for pharmaceutical care were statistically significant at a p value of 0.05 and a 95% confidence interval. From the qualitative data, two major themes emerged: perceived roles and determinants (perceived facilitators and barriers). CONCLUSION Pharmacy professionals' roles were found to be influenced by a lack of physical access, poor initiatives, poor communication skills, and poor administrator support. Pharmaceutical care requires everyone's involvement in addressing these factors for successful performance and a better outcome and in considering perceived facilitators and barriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewunetie Mekashaw Bayked
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
| | - Getachew Nigatu Taye
- Department of Pharmacy, Dessie Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (DCSH), Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Segenet Zewdie
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia
| | - Teshager Aklilu
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
| | - Mesfin Haile Kahissay
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Social Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Husien Nurahmed Toleha
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences (CMHS), Wollo University, P.O. Box: 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia
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Sin CMH, Huynh C, Maidment ID. Physicians' and nurses' perceptions of the factors influencing the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong: a qualitative study. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2023:ejhpharm-2023-003796. [PMID: 37541776 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2023-003796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/06/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify barriers and facilitators that influence the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services in Hong Kong public hospitals from physicians' and nurses' perspectives. METHODS A qualitative study was conducted based on semistructured interviews of physicians and nurses who worked in the field of paediatrics in four public hospitals in Hong Kong. Interviews were held via telephone conversations using spoken Cantonese which were audio recorded, then translated and transcribed directly into English by the research team. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis and reflexivity was engaged through member checking, making field notes and reporting using the Consolidated Criteria for Reporting Qualitative Studies checklist. RESULTS A total of six barriers and five facilitators were identified from interviewing 17 participants, which included 7 physicians and 10 nurses. The barriers identified were the public's lack of understanding and recognition of clinical pharmacists, a culture of medical dominance, lack of resources and heavy workload, the need for a more transparent and defined role of clinical pharmacist at the institutional level, lack of proactive approach and involvement in direct patient care activities. The facilitators identified were the belief in the improvement of patient outcomes and the overall pharmaceutical service efficiency, trust and confidence in clinical pharmacy services, filling the clinical gap as a medicine information provider, and direct and coherent communication as a multidisciplinary team member. CONCLUSIONS Physicians and nurses reported that the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy services was adequate, but several key barriers were identified at both the external and internal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Ming-Ho Sin
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
- Pharmacy Department, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Huynh
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian D Maidment
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Mahmoud MI, Maatoug MM, Jomaa AAAFA, Yousif M. Sudanese Medical Doctors' Perceptions, Expectations, Experiences and Perceived Barriers Towards the Roles of Clinical Pharmacists: A Cross-Sectional Study. Integr Pharm Res Pract 2022; 11:97-106. [PMID: 35879963 PMCID: PMC9307910 DOI: 10.2147/iprp.s354717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Interprofessional collaboration between physicians and clinical pharmacists has been shown to improve patients’ outcome by reduce medical errors, costs and patient adherence. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the medical doctors’ perceptions, expectations, experiences, and perceived barriers regarding clinical pharmacists in Wad Medani. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted at five major hospitals in Wad Medani, between April and June 2021 using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire was distributed among 178 physicians. The questionnaire consists of four sections, in addition to a demographic section. These four sections measure physicians’ perceptions, expectations, experience, and perceived barriers. Results A total of 178 physicians were enrolled in the study. Physicians were comfortable with clinical pharmacists detecting and preventing prescription errors (55.1%); providing patient education (56.3%). Generally, physicians had high expectations with agreement rate of all the items ranged from 51.7% to 85.4%. Most physicians (79.8%) agreed that clinical pharmacists were a reliable source of general and clinical drug information. 64.0% and 59.0% of physicians perceive the unclear responsibility of clinical pharmacists and the lack of physicians’ experience with clinical pharmacists were barriers that can hinder clinical pharmacists’ contributions, respectively. Conclusion Physicians had positive perceptions, expectations, and experiences with clinical pharmacists, and pointed out some barriers clinical pharmacists face. It was suggested that hospitals should recruit more clinical pharmacists to cover each unit within the hospital with clear job description and provide them CPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Ibrahim Mahmoud
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | - Maha Mirghani Maatoug
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan
| | | | - Mirghani Yousif
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy & Pharmacy Practice, University of Gezira, Wad Medani, Gezira State, Sudan
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Yousef B, Abudleek M, Adam M, Ahmed K. Doctors' attitude and satisfaction toward clinical pharmacists' role at omdurman military hospital: A descriptive cross-sectional study. Matrix Sci Med 2022. [DOI: 10.4103/mtsm.mtsm_22_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Sin CMH, Huynh C, Dahmash D, Maidment ID. Factors influencing the implementation of clinical pharmacy services on paediatric patient care in hospital settings. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2021; 29:180-186. [PMID: 33472818 DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2020-002520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review (SR) was undertaken to identify and summarise any factors which influence the implementation of paediatric clinical pharmacy service (CPS) from service users' perspectives in hospital settings. METHODS Literature search from EMBASE, MEDLINE, Web of Science (Core Collection), Cochrane Library, Scopus and CINAHL databases were performed in order to identify any relevant peer-reviewed quantitative and qualitative studies from inception until October 2019 by following the inclusion criteria. Boolean search operators were used which consisted of service, patient subgroup and attribute domains. Studies were screened independently and included studies were quality assessed using Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. The study was reported against the 'Enhancing Transparency in Reporting the Synthesis of Qualitative Research' statement. RESULTS 4199 citations were screened by title and abstract and 6 of 32 full publications screened were included. There were two studies that were graded as 'high' in quality, with four graded as 'moderate'. The analysis has led to the identification of seven factors categorised in five predetermined overarching themes. These were: other healthcare professionals' attitudes and acceptance; availability of clinical pharmacist on ward or outpatient settings; using drug-related knowledge to perform clinical activities; resources for service provision and coverage; involvement in a multidisciplinary team; training in the highly specialised areas and development of communication skills. CONCLUSION Evidence for paediatric CPS was sparse in comparison to a similar SR conducted in the adult population. An extensive knowledge gap within this area of practice has therefore been identified. Nevertheless, majority of the factors identified were viewed as facilitators which enabled a successful implementation of CPS in paediatrics. Further research is needed to identify more factors and exploration of these would be necessary in order to provide a strong foundation for strategic planning for paediatric CPS implementation and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Conor Ming-Ho Sin
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK .,Pharmacy Department, United Christian Hospital, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Chi Huynh
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Dania Dahmash
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
| | - Ian D Maidment
- Aston Pharmacy School, College of Health and Life Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, UK
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Alkoudmani R, Hassali MA, Allela OQBA, Elkalmi R, Al-Essa RK. Acceptance of Pharmacist’s Extended Roles by other Healthcare Providers in the Arab Region: Review Article. Arch Pharm Pract 2021. [DOI: 10.51847/iho5cje9vn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Naseef H, Amria A, Asrawi A, Al-Shami N, Dreidi M. The acceptance and awareness of healthcare providers towards doctor of pharmacy (Phram D) in the Palestinian health care system. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:1068-1074. [PMID: 32922137 PMCID: PMC7474161 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Clinical pharmacy (Pharm.D or MSc Clinical Pharmacy graduates) is a patient care oriented specialty. It aims to improve patient therapeutic outcomes and minimize medication errors. In Palestine, it is a new specialty taught at two universities. In order to implement this new specialty in healthcare settings, healthcare providers should have a high awareness about it, its role and importance in clinical settings. This study aimed to evaluate the awareness and acceptance levels among healthcare providers' about clinical pharmacy specialty. A cross sectional study carried out using a self-administered questionnaire that was developed and tested by a panel of experts for validity and reliability, then it was distributed and filled by the convenient sample of health care providers in the northern and middle of Palestine between January and March 2019. An awareness scale and acceptance scale were developed from the questions used to identify the healthcare providers' awareness and acceptance. Chi-square (X2) -testing was performed to check for the significant association. Data were analyzed using SPSS (version22). Among 309 respondents, 203(65.7%) were male, 67(21.7%) were working at Jerusalem, 229(74.1%) of them completed their first degree at Arab countries and 69(54.7%) completed higher education. Regarding their work, 169(54.7%) were physicians, followed by 85(27.5%) nurses and 55(17.8%) pharmacists. Results revealed that the majority of healthcare providers had a moderate 182(58.9%) and good 81(26.2%) awareness level toward the Clinical pharmacy specialty roles and 217 (70.2%) had a good acceptance level toward their implementation among the health worker team. Significant differences were found between healthcare providers' awareness level and their sex (P = 0.001), professions (P = 0.006) and job descriptions (P = 0.013). There were no significant differences between the health care providers' acceptance level and their age, sex, qualification, profession and job descriptions. Our results revealed the ability to collaborate in the integration of such specialty within the Palestinian healthcare system. Additional interest from the Ministry of Health is recommended to integrate clinical pharmacy workers among the health system and promote their relations with other disciplines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hani Naseef
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, West Bank, State of Palestine
| | - Afnan Amria
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, West Bank, State of Palestine
| | - Alaa' Asrawi
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, West Bank, State of Palestine
| | - Ni'Meh Al-Shami
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, West Bank, State of Palestine
| | - Mutaz Dreidi
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions, Birzeit University, West Bank, State of Palestine
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Naseef H, Amria A, Asrawi A, Al-Shami N, Dreidi M. The acceptance and awareness of healthcare providers towards doctor of pharmacy (Phram D) in the Palestinian health care system. Saudi Pharm J 2020. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsps.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Hambisa S, Abie A, Nureye D, Yimam M. Attitudes, Opportunities, and Challenges for Clinical Pharmacy Services in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia: Health Care Providers' Perspective. Adv Pharmacol Pharm Sci 2020; 2020:5415290. [PMID: 32296778 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5415290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Clinical pharmacy is a branch of health sciences that focuses more on the patient than on drug product-oriented services to optimize drug therapy. This study aimed to assess attitudes, opportunities, and challenges for clinical pharmacy services from the health care providers' perspective in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted among physicians, nurses, pharmacy professionals, and public health officers working in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. A total of 119 health care providers participated in the study, and data were collected using a pretested self-administered questionnaire. The study tool was designed based on the instruments used in the previously conducted studies. Collected data were coded, entered, and analyzed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS, version 21). Furthermore, the descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Results Out of 119 health care providers included in the study, 59.66% of them were nurses. The majority of the health care providers (85.71%) had a positive attitude towards clinical pharmacy services. Most of the study participants mentioned that acceptance of clinical pharmacy services among health care providers as a major opportunity to clinical pharmacy services in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. The major challenges described for the clinical pharmacy services include lack of support from hospital management, absence of clearly defined roles and responsibilities for the clinical pharmacists, and shortage of pharmacy workforce and staff turnover. Conclusion Proper strategies should be in place to improve clinical pharmacy services and promote pharmacists' role in providing patient care.
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Omar NE, Elazzazy S, Abdallah O, Nashwan AJ, Eltorki Y, Afifi HM, Kassem N, Yassin M, Hamad A. Perceptions and expectations of health care providers towards clinical pharmacy services at a tertiary cancer centre in Qatar. J Oncol Pharm Pract 2019; 26:1086-1096. [PMID: 31718469 PMCID: PMC7338705 DOI: 10.1177/1078155219882076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Clinical pharmacy services started in 2009 at the National Center for Cancer
Care and Research, Qatar. Clinical pharmacy services was established to
provide comprehensive prescription of drug management and support, and
consulting services to build clinically efficient and cost-effective
pharmacy program. Aim To determine perceptions and expectations of healthcare providers toward the
clinical pharmacy services at the National Center for Cancer Care and
Research. Methods A cross-sectional survey of healthcare providers was conducted from January
to May 2018. A self-administered electronic/paper survey containing four
domains assessing healthcare providers’ perceptions and expectations towards
clinical pharmacy services, perceived barriers to clinical pharmacist role
and suggested area for improvement was sent to 375 healthcare providers
including physicians, operational pharmacists, nurses and dietitians. Results The response rate was 112/375. Most of the healthcare providers (74%)
perceived the increasing interest in clinical pharmacy services. Also, they
expected (1) providing consultations regarding appropriate medication
choices (82%); (2) providing information about medication availability and
shortages (82%); (3) assisting in the prescribing of cost-effective drugs by
providing pharmacogenomics information routinely (75%) and (4) Participating
actively in research activities (74%). Overall, healthcare providers have a
high level of trust in the clinical pharmacists’ abilities
(P < 0.01). Nurses were less appreciative
(P < 0.002) of the positive role of clinical
pharmacists in direct patient care as compared to both physicians and
pharmacists (64.2%, 90% and 95.7%, respectively). Conclusion This study revealed a positive attitude towards the role of clinical
pharmacists by healthcare providers at National Center for Cancer Care and
Research. However, there is an area of improvement by empowering with
privilege and staffing, elevating the awareness and expansion in the
ambulatory care settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nabil E Omar
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Shereen Elazzazy
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Oraib Abdallah
- Pharmacy Department, Mental Health Services, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | - Yassin Eltorki
- Pharmacy Department, Mental Health Services, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Hebatalla M Afifi
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nancy Kassem
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Mohamed Yassin
- Medical Oncology /Hematology Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Anas Hamad
- Pharmacy Department, National Centre for Cancer Care and Research, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar
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