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Hamon A, Dufour S, Kurban D, Lemosquet S, Gervais R, Guinard-Flament J. Decreased lactose percentage in milk associated with quarter health disorder and hyperketolactia, a proxy for negative energy balance, in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2024:S0022-0302(24)00518-6. [PMID: 38428490 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-24134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024]
Abstract
Several studies have described variations in lactose content (LC) in dairy cows during udder quarter health disorder or negative energy balance (NEB). However, their joint effects on LC have never been described. This was the aim of a longitudinal observational study performed on 5 Quebec dairy farms using automatic milking systems. Quarter milk samples were collected every 14 d from 5 to 300 DIM. Quarter health status was described by combining SCC level (SCC- or SCC+: < or ≥100,000 cells/mL) and infectious status (Patho- or Patho+: presence or absence of pathogens on a milk culture). Cows with NEB in early lactation (DIM <70) were identified using milk β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB) content: 0.15 mM = BHB-; 0.15 - 0.19 mM = BHB+; > 0.19 mM = BHB++. A total of 14,505 quarter cisternal milk samples were collected from 380 lactating cows. The quarter LC was analyzed using a mixed linear regression model with the following fixed effects: quarter health status, parity, time interval between last milking and sampling, quarter milk yield (in kg/d), DIM, and herd. A random quarter intercept with a repeated measures correlation structure and a cow random intercept were also specified. The LC of SCC+ quarters was lower (-0.17 ± 0.013% pts) compared with LC of SCC- quarters for both primiparous and multiparous cows. Over the 162 bacterial species identified, only 8 species had a prevalence greater than 4.0%, and just 5 of them were associated with a reduction in LC: Staphylococcus aureus, Staph. chromogenes, Streptococcus dysgalactiae, Staph. epidermidis, and Staph. simulans. Cows identified as BHB+ and BHB++ in early lactation had a lower LC (-0.05 ± 0.019% and -0.13 ± 0.020% pts, respectively) compared with BHB- cows. For BHB++ cows, in both parity groups the decrease in LC (-0.20 ± 0.025% pts) was higher in SCC+ quarters compared with SCC- quarters. Moreover, the additive effect of the quarter health status and NEB on milk LC was greater with larger increases in BHB. Our findings highlight the necessity to jointly take into consideration both quarter health status and milk BHB concentration when using LC as a biomarker for NEB.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hamon
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, Rennes, France
| | - S Dufour
- Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
| | - D Kurban
- Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada
| | - S Lemosquet
- PEGASE, INRAE, Institut Agro, Rennes, France
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Addo F, Gervais R, Ominski K, Yang C, Plaizier JC. Comparing dehulled hemp meal and canola meal as a protein supplement for lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:8670-8683. [PMID: 37641358 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2023-23507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Effects of replacing canola meal with dehulled hemp meal in the diet of lactating dairy cows on the dry matter intake (DMI), milk production, milk fatty acid profile, blood metabolites, total-tract nutrient digestibility, and transfer of cannabinoids were determined in 12 lactating, nonpregnant Holstein cows. These cows were used in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with three 3-wk experimental periods consisting of 2 wk of adaptation and 1 wk of sampling. Cows received basal partial mixed rations supplemented with either 15% dry matter (DM) canola meal (CM15), 15% DM dehulled hemp meal (HM15), or 7.5% DM dehulled hemp meal and 7.5% DM canola meal (CM7.5HM7.5). Diets were formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenous, but the HM15 and CM7.5HM7.5 diets contained, on average 1.2 percentage units more crude protein (CP) that the CM15 diet. The CP of the dehulled hemp meal contained less soluble protein than that of canola meal. Hence, the intake of soluble protein did not differ among diets. Canola meal contained less crude fat than hemp seed meal (3.46% vs. 8.25% DM). The lipid fraction of canola meal fat contained more oleic acid (C18:1 cis-9; 47.3 vs. 14.9 g/100 g of fatty acids, FA) and vaccenic acid (18:1 cis-11; 13.7 vs. 1.2 g/100 g of FA) and less linoleic acid (C18:2n-6; 21.9 vs. 55.7 g/100 g of FA) and α linolenic acid (C18:3n-3; 3.2 vs. 8.9 g/100 g of FA) than the lipid fraction of hemp seed meal. The hemp seed meal contained 4.9 µg/g cannabidiol, 5.1 µg/g cannabidiolic acid, and 0.1 µg/g tertahydroxycannabinolic acid A. Treatments did not differ in DMI, yields of milk, milk protein and milk fat, total-tract neutral detergent fiber digestibility, and blood plasma concentrations of β-hydroxybutyrate and nonesterified FA. Apparent total-tract DM digestibility was lowest in the HM15 treatment, whereas the CP digestibility and the concentrations of urea in blood, urine, and milk were lowest in the CM15 treatment. Cannabinoids were not detected in urine, milk, and blood plasma. Replacing canola meal with hemp seed meal increased milk fat contents of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), which were 3.42, 3.90, and 4.25 g/100 g of FA for the CM15, CM7.5HM7.5, and HM15 treatments, respectively. Especially, the milk fat contents of 18:2n-6 (1.99 vs. 1.56 g/100 g FA) and 18:3n-3 (0.31 vs. 0.43 g/100 g FA) were increased by hemp meal feeding. Especially, the milk fat contents of 18:2n-6 (1.99 vs. 1.56 g/100 g FA) and 18:3n-3 (0.31 vs. 0.43 g/100 g FA) were increased by hemp meal feeding. Our data show that hemp seed meal is a suitable and safe replacement for canola meal as a feed for lactating dairy cows and that this replacement increases CP digestibility and urea in urine, milk, and blood plasma, as well the PUFA content of milk fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Addo
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - R Gervais
- Department of Animal Sciences, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - K Ominski
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - C Yang
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2
| | - J C Plaizier
- Department of Animal Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada R3T 2N2.
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Denis P, Schmidely P, Nozière P, Gervais R, Fievez V, Gerard C, Ferlay A. Predicted essential fatty acid intakes for a group of dairy cows also apply at individual animal level. Animal 2023; 17:101005. [PMID: 37897870 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2023.101005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The ruminant requirements for essential fatty acids (EFAs), particularly linoleic acid (LA) and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), have not been fully determined, although evidence suggests that an adequate supply of polyunsaturated fatty acids (FAs) could improve immunity and reproduction in transition cows. In previous studies, we predicted EFA intake for a group of cows based on animal characteristics and milk EFA secretions. However, to support precision livestock feeding, we need to match the nutrient requirements and intakes of each cow as closely as possible. Our group-level predictions may not be accurate enough to estimate the EFA intake of an individual cow, due to inter-individual variations in EFA digestion and metabolism related to differences in feed intake, intake patterns, and the composition and functioning of the rumen microbiota. To address this issue, here we set out to establish specific equations that predict EFA intake for an individual cow based on the difference (i.e. the residuals) between observed EFA intake and the predicted EFA intake based on our group-level equations. We studied a database of individual dairy cows (26 experiments; 503 datapoints from three research teams) and we predicted the residuals from (1) dietary and animal-related factors (i.e. full predictions) and (2) animal-related factors only (i.e. field predictions), which are considered more field-amenable. The variance of predicted LA and log ALA intake was explained to 68% by observed LA intake and 66% by observed log ALA intake, respectively. The residuals of LA intake were predicted by dietary ALA content, total FA intake, BW, milk yield and fat content in full predictions, and by BW, feeding level, milk yield and fat content, and sum of milk C4:0 to C14:0 FA in field predictions. The log residuals of ALA intake were predicted by dietary NDF and total FA contents, NDF intake, BW, milk protein, LA and ALA contents, and fat yield in full predictions, and by BW, DM intake, milk LA and ALA contents, and fat yield in field predictions. The field predictions showed a moderate loss of accuracy compared to full predictions based on RMSE of prediction (from 38 to 54 g/d for LA and from 0.090 to 0.12 log (g/d) for ALA). This work is the first to predict the EFA intake of an individual cow based on previously established group-level predictions of EFA intake adjusted for dietary and animal-related factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Denis
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - P Schmidely
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, UMR Modélisation Systémique Appliquée aux Ruminants, 75005 Paris, France
| | - P Nozière
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - V Fievez
- Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Laboratory for Animal Nutrition and Animal Product Quality, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | - A Ferlay
- Université Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, VetAgro Sup, UMR Herbivores, 63122 Saint-Genès-Champanelle, France.
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Girard N, Ponce Aix S, Cedres S, Berghmans T, Burgers S, Toffart AC, Popat S, Janssens A, Gervais R, Hochstenbag M, Silva M, Burger IA, Prosch H, Stahel R, Xenophontos E, Pretzenbaher Y, Neven A, Peters S. Efficacy and safety of nivolumab for patients with pre-treated type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma: results from the EORTC-ETOP NIVOTHYM phase II trial. ESMO Open 2023; 8:101576. [PMID: 37285717 DOI: 10.1016/j.esmoop.2023.101576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2023] [Revised: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Thymic malignancies are rare intrathoracic tumors, which may be aggressive and difficult to treat. They represent a therapeutic challenge in the advanced/metastatic setting, with limited treatment options after the failure of first-line platinum-based chemotherapy. They are frequently associated with autoimmune disorders that also impact oncological management. MATERIALS AND METHODS NIVOTHYM is an international, multicenter, phase II, two-cohort, single-arm trial evaluating the activity and safety of nivolumab [240 mg intravenously (i.v.) q2 weeks] alone or with ipilimumab (1 mg /kg i.v. q6 weeks) in patients with advanced/relapsed type B3 thymoma or thymic carcinoma, after exposure to platinum-based chemotherapy. The primary endpoint is progression-free survival rate at 6 months (PFSR-6) based on RECIST 1.1 as per independent radiological review. RESULTS From April 2018 to February 2020, 55 patients were enrolled in 15 centers from 5 countries. Ten patients (18%) had type B3 thymoma and 43 (78%) had thymic carcinoma. The majority were male (64%), and the median age was 58 years. Among the 49 eligible patients who started treatment, PFSR-6 by central review was 35% [95% confidence interval (CI) 22% to 50%]. The overall response rate and disease control rate were 12% (95% CI 5% to 25%) and 63% (95% CI 48% to 77%), respectively. Using the Kaplan-Meier method, median progression-free survival and overall survival by local assessment were 6.0 (95% CI 3.1-10.4) months and 21.3 (95% CI 11.6-not estimable) months, respectively. In the safety population of 54 patients, adverse events (AEs) of grade 1/2 were observed in 22 (41%) patients and grade 3/4 in 31 (57%) patients. Treatment-related AEs of grade 4 included one case of neutropenia, one case of immune-mediated transaminitis, and two cases of myocarditis. CONCLUSIONS Nivolumab monotherapy demonstrated an acceptable safety profile and objective activity, although it has been insufficient to meet its primary objective. The second cohort of NIVOTHYM is currently ongoing to assess the combination of nivolumab plus ipilimumab.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Girard
- Thorax Institute Curie Montsouris, Institut Curie, Paris, France and Paris Saclay University, UVSQ, Versailles, France.
| | - S Ponce Aix
- Hospital Universitario 12 De Octubre, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Cedres
- Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron-Vall d'Hebron Institut Oncologia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - T Berghmans
- Institut Jules Bordet, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium
| | - S Burgers
- The Netherlands Cancer Institute-Antoni Van Leeuwenhoekziekenhuis, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A-C Toffart
- CHU de Grenoble-La Tronche-Hôpital A. Michallon, Grenoble, France
| | - S Popat
- Royal Marsden Hospital-Chelsea, London, UK
| | - A Janssens
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Antwerpen, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - R Gervais
- Centre Francois Baclesse (CLCC), Caen, France
| | - M Hochstenbag
- Maastricht University Medical Centre (MUMC), Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - M Silva
- Department of Medicine and Surgery (DiMeC), University of Parma, Parma, Italy
| | | | - H Prosch
- Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - R Stahel
- ETOP IBCSG Partners Foundation, Berne, Switzerland
| | | | | | - A Neven
- Luxembourg Institute of Health, Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Strassen, Luxembourg
| | - S Peters
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
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Ruiz-González A, Suissi W, Baumgard LH, Martel-Kennes Y, Chouinard PY, Gervais R, Rico DE. Increased dietary vitamin D 3 and calcium partially alleviate heat stress symptoms and inflammation in lactating Holstein cows independent of dietary concentrations of vitamin E and selenium. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:3984-4001. [PMID: 37164847 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Twelve multiparous Holstein cows (42.2 ± 5.6 kg of milk/d; 83 ± 27 d in milk) were used in a split-plot design testing the effects of mineral and vitamin supplementation on the time course of animal performance, metabolism, and inflammation markers during heat stress. The main plot was the average concentrations of dietary vitamin E and Se (adequate: 11.1 IU/kg of vitamin E and 0.55 mg/kg of Se, and high: 223 IU/kg of vitamin E and 1.8 mg/kg of Se, respectively). Within each plot, cows were randomly assigned to (1) heat stress (HS) with adequate concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (1,012 IU/kg and 0.73%, respectively), (2) HS with high concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (HS+D3/Ca; 3,764 IU/kg and 0.97%, respectively), or (3) pair-feeding (PF) in thermoneutrality with adequate concentrations of vitamin D3 and Ca (1,012 IU/kg and 0.73% Ca) in a Latin square design with 14-d periods and 7-d washouts. The highest rectal temperature was recorded at 1700 h for HS (39.4°C; mean of d 1 to 14), being 1.2 and 0.8°C greater than for PF and HS+D3/Ca, respectively. Respiratory rate and water intake were higher in HS (73 breaths/min and 115 L/d, respectively) relative to PF (28 breaths/min and 76 L/d). Heat stress decreased dry matter intake progressively, reaching a nadir on d 5 to 7 (33% reduction) and was not different between treatments. Milk yield decreased progressively in all treatments, but remained greater in PF relative to HS from d 3 to 14 (10%), whereas HS and HS+D3/Ca were not different. Milk fat, protein, and lactose concentrations and yields were lower in HS relative to PF from d 3 to 14, but not different between HS and HS+D3/Ca. Relative to PF, preprandial insulin concentrations were increased in HS, whereas plasma nonesterified fatty acids were decreased on d 7 and 14. Plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein concentrations increased in HS cows on d 7 and 14, respectively, relative to PF, whereas they were reduced in HS + D3/Ca on d 14. Plasma C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, and fecal calprotectin were increased in HS relative to both PF and HS+D3/Ca on d 7 and 14. Rectal temperature was positively associated with plasma lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (r = 0.72), tumor necrosis factor-α (r = 0.74), C-reactive protein (r = 0.87), and with milk somatic cells (r = 0.75). Plasma 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine concentrations presented a 3-way interaction, where 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine was lower in HS than in PF on d 7 and 14, and lower in HS+D3/Ca relative to HS on d 14 in the adequate vitamin E and Se treatment, but no effects were observed in the high vitamin E and Se group. Plasma superoxide dismutase concentrations increased over time, and were higher in HS relative to PF on d 14, whereas HS+D3/Ca was similar to HS. Heat stress markedly reduced milk production and milk components while increasing markers of leaky gut and inflammation. In contrast, vitamin D3 and Ca supplementation reduced hyperthermia (d 7-14), markers of leaky gut, and inflammation independent of dietary concentrations of vitamin E and Se.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ruiz-González
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - W Suissi
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | - L H Baumgard
- Department of Animal Science, Iowa State University, Ames 50011
| | - Y Martel-Kennes
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - D E Rico
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada.
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Huot F, Claveau S, Bunel A, Santschi DE, Gervais R, Paquet ÉR. Relationship between farm management strategies, reticuloruminal pH variations, and risks of subacute ruminal acidosis. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:2487-2497. [PMID: 36870835 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
Low reticuloruminal pH (rpH), often observed in subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA), may negatively affect rumen health and animal performance. To investigate the variability of rpH and the prevalence of SARA on commercial farms, we conducted an observational study on 110 early-lactation Holstein cows of different parities from 12 farms selected to cover a broad range of farm management strategies. The rpH of each cow was continuously monitored for 50 d using wireless boluses. To study the effects of animal and farm management characteristics on rpH, we used a multivariable mixed model analysis with the animal and farm as random effects. Automatic milking system and presence of corn silage in the ration were associated with a decrease in rpH of 0.37 and 0.20 pH units, respectively, whereas monensin supplementation was associated with an increase of 0.27 pH units. The rpH increased by 0.15 pH units during the first 60 d in milk. We defined a SARA-positive day as rpH below 5.8 (SARA5.8) or 6.0 (SARA6.0) for at least 300 min for 1 d. Using those definitions, during our study, a total of 38 (35%) and 65 (59%) cows experienced at least one episode of SARA5.8 and SARA6.0, respectively. The proportion of cows with at least one SARA-positive day varied among farms from 0 to 100%. Automatic milking system was associated with an increased risk of SARA5.8 (odds ratio: 10) and SARA6.0 (odds ratio: 11). The use of corn silage was associated with an increased risk of SARA5.8 (odds ratio: 21), whereas the use of monensin was associated with a decreased risk of SARA5.8 (odds ratio: 0.02). Our study shows that rpH is quite variable among farms, but also among animals on the same farm. We also show that multiple animal and farm characteristics are associated with rpH variability and the risk of SARA under commercial conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Huot
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - S Claveau
- Agrinova, Alma, Québec, Canada G8B 7S8
| | - A Bunel
- Agrinova, Alma, Québec, Canada G8B 7S8
| | - D E Santschi
- Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, Québec, Canada H9X 3R4
| | - R Gervais
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6.
| | - É R Paquet
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada G1V 0A6.
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Lamontagne J, Rico DE, Perdomo CM, Ronholm J, Gervais R, Chouinard PY. Effects of direct-fed Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis on production performance and milk fatty acid profile in dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2023; 106:1815-1825. [PMID: 36710185 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine the effect of a Bacillus-based direct-fed microbial on performance of mid-lactating Holstein dairy cows and on their milk fatty acid composition. Six multiparous cows fitted with a rumen cannula were used in a randomized replicated crossover design. Cows received 200 g/d of either whey powder as a control or BioPlus 2B (Chr. Hansen), a commercial direct-fed microbial providing Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis, representing a daily dose of 6.4 × 1011 cfu, and using whey powder as a carrier. The 2 experimental periods lasted 14 d and were separated by a 7-d washout interval. Samples were collected on d 0, 13, and 14 of each period. Data from d 0 were used as covariate. Significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05 and tendency at 0.05 <P ≤ 0.10. There was a 10-fold increase in the relative concentration of bacteria from the Bacillus subtilis group in the rumen when feeding direct-fed Bacillus compared with control. Treatment did not affect ruminal pH, NH3-N, or concentrations of acetate, propionate, and butyrate. However, direct-fed Bacillus increased ruminal concentrations of isovalerate and isobutyrate (tendency). Treatments did not affect lactation performance. Supplying direct-fed Bacillus enhanced milk relative concentration of anteiso 13:0 by 27.3% and of anteiso 15:0 by 6.5% and tended to increase concentrations of iso 14:0 (+41.8%) relative to control. When expressed on a yield basis, direct-fed Bacillus increased the secretion of anteiso 13:0 and decreased that of 11:0, 15:0, 17:0 (tendency), and cis-9 17:1. These variations, although limited in magnitude, indicate that milk branched-chain fatty acid composition is sensitive to ruminal microbiota modifications without changes in chemical composition of the diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Lamontagne
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - D E Rico
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6; Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada G0A 1S0
| | - C M Perdomo
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault (CRSAD), Deschambault, QC, Canada G0A 1S0
| | - J Ronholm
- Department of Food Science and Agricultural Chemistry, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9; Department of Animal Science, McGill University, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada H9X 3V9
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
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Duplessis M, Gervais R, Lapierre H, Girard CL. Combined biotin, folic acid, and vitamin B 12 supplementation given during the transition period to dairy cows: Part II. Effects on energy balance and fatty acid composition of colostrum and milk. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:7097-7110. [PMID: 35787322 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-21678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Biotin (B8), folate (B9), and vitamin B12 (B12) are involved in several metabolic reactions related to energy metabolism. We hypothesized that a low supply of one of these vitamins during the transition period would impair metabolic status. This study was undertaken to assess the interaction between B8 supplement and a supplementation of B9 and B12 regarding body weight (BW) change, dry matter intake, energy balance, and fatty acid (FA) compositions of colostrum and milk fat from d -21 to 21 relative to calving. Thirty-two multiparous Holstein cows housed in tie stalls were randomly assigned, according to their previous 305-d milk yield, to 8 incomplete blocks in 4 treatments: (1) a 2-mL weekly i.m. injection of saline (0.9% NaCl; B8-/B9B12-); (2) 20 mg/d of dietary B8 (unprotected from ruminal degradation) and 2-mL weekly i.m. injection of 0.9% NaCl (B8+/B9B12-); (3) 2.6 g/d of dietary B9 (unprotected) and 2-mL weekly i.m. injection of 10 mg of B12 (B8-/B9B12+); (4) 20 mg/d of dietary B8, 2.6 g/d of dietary B9, and 2-mL weekly i.m. injection of 10 mg of B12 (B8+/B9B12+) in a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement. Colostrum was sampled at first milking. and milk samples were collected weekly on 2 consecutive milkings and analyzed for FA composition. Body condition score and BW were recorded every week throughout the trial. Within the first 21 d of lactation, B8-/B9B12+ cows had an increased milk yield by 13.5% [45.5 (standard error, SE: 1.8) kg/d] compared with B8-/B9B12- cows [40.1 (SE: 1.9)], whereas B8 supplement had no effect. Even though body condition score was not affected by treatment, B8-/B9B12+ cows had greater BW loss by 24 kg, suggesting higher mobilization of body reserves. Accordingly, milk de novo FA decreased and preformed FA concentration increased in B8-/B9B12+ cows compared with B8-/B9B12- cows. In addition, cows in the B8+/B9B12- group had decreased milk de novo FA and increased preformed FA concentration compared with B8-/B9B12- cows. Treatment had no effect on colostrum preformed FA concentration. Supplemental B8 decreased concentrations of ruminal biohydrogenation intermediates and odd- and branched-chain FA in colostrum and milk fat. Moreover, postpartum dry matter intake for B8+ cows tended to be lower by 1.6 kg/d. These results could indicate ruminal perturbation caused by the B8 supplement, which was not protected from rumen degradation. Under the conditions of the current study, in contrast to B8+/B9B12- cows, B8-/B9B12+ cows produced more milk without increasing dry matter intake, although these cows had greater body fat mobilization in early lactation as suggested by the FA profile and BW loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Duplessis
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, J1M 0C8, Canada.
| | - R Gervais
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - H Lapierre
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, J1M 0C8, Canada
| | - C L Girard
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Sherbrooke, QC, J1M 0C8, Canada
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9
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Laroche JP, Gervais R, Lapierre H, Ouellet DR, Tremblay GF, Halde C, Boucher MS, Charbonneau É. Milk production and efficiency of utilization of nitrogen, metabolizable protein, and amino acids are affected by protein and energy supplies in dairy cows fed alfalfa-based diets. J Dairy Sci 2021; 105:329-346. [PMID: 34635363 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2021-20923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Alfalfa has a lower fiber digestibility and a greater concentration of degradable protein than grasses. Dairy cows could benefit from an increased digestibility of alfalfa fibers, or from a better match between nitrogen and energy supplies in the rumen. Alfalfa cultivars with improved fiber digestibility represent an opportunity to increase milk production, but no independent studies have tested these cultivars under the agroclimatic conditions of Canada. Moreover, decreasing metabolizable protein (MP) supply could increase N use efficiency while decreasing environmental impact, but it is often associated with a decrease in milk protein yield, possibly caused by a reduced supply of essential AA. This study evaluated the performance of dairy cows fed diets based on a regular or a reduced-lignin alfalfa cultivar and measured the effect of energy levels at low MP supply when digestible His (dHis), Lys (dLys), and Met (dMet) requirements were met. Eight Holstein cows were used in a double 4 × 4 Latin square design, each square representing an alfalfa cultivar. Within each square, 4 diets were tested: the control diet was formulated for an adequate supply of MP and energy (AMP_AE), whereas the 3 other diets were formulated to be deficient in MP (DMP; formulated to meet 90% of the MP requirement) with deficient (94% of requirement: DMP_DE), adequate (99% of requirement: DMP_AE), or excess energy supply (104% of requirement; DMP_EE). Alfalfa cultivars had no significant effect on all measured parameters. As compared with cows receiving AMP_AE, the dry matter intake of cows fed DMP_AE and DMP_EE was not significantly different but decreased for cows fed DMP_DE. The AMP_AE diet provided 103% of MP and 108% of NEL requirements whereas DMP_DE, DMP_AE, and DMP_EE diets provided 84, 87, and 87% of MP and 94, 101, and 107% of NEL requirements, respectively. In contrast to design, feeding DMP_EE resulted in a similar energy supply compared with AMP_AE, although MP supply has been effectively reduced. This resulted in a maintained milk and milk component yields and improved the efficiency of utilization of N, MP, and essential AA. The DMP diets decreased total N excretion, whereas DMP_AE and DMP_EE diets also decreased milk urea-N concentration. Reducing MP supply without negative effects on dairy cow performance is possible when energy, dHis, dLys, and dMet requirements are met. This could reduce N excretion and decrease the environmental impact of milk production.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-P Laroche
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6; Lactanet, Sainte-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada, H9X 3R4
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - H Lapierre
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1M 0C8
| | - D R Ouellet
- Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1M 0C8
| | - G F Tremblay
- Quebec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 2J3
| | - C Halde
- Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - M-S Boucher
- Département de Phytologie, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - É Charbonneau
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6.
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10
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Peters S, Pujol JL, Dafni U, Dómine M, Popat S, Reck M, Andrade J, Becker A, Moro-Sibilot D, Curioni-Fontecedro A, Molinier O, Nackaerts K, Insa Mollá A, Gervais R, López Vivanco G, Madelaine J, Mazieres J, Faehling M, Griesinger F, Majem M, González Larriba JL, Provencio Pulla M, Vervita K, Roschitzki-Voser H, Ruepp B, Mitchell P, Stahel RA, Le Pechoux C, De Ruysscher D. Consolidation nivolumab and ipilimumab versus observation in limited-disease small-cell lung cancer after chemo-radiotherapy - results from the randomised phase II ETOP/IFCT 4-12 STIMULI trial. Ann Oncol 2021; 33:67-79. [PMID: 34562610 DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent chemotherapy and thoracic radiotherapy followed by prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) is the standard treatment in limited-disease small-cell lung cancer (LD-SCLC), with 5-year overall survival (OS) of only 25% to 33%. PATIENTS AND METHODS STIMULI is a 1:1 randomised phase II trial aiming to demonstrate superiority of consolidation combination immunotherapy versus observation after chemo-radiotherapy plus PCI (protocol amendment-1). Consolidation immunotherapy consisted of four cycles of nivolumab [1 mg/kg, every three weeks (Q3W)] plus ipilimumab (3 mg/kg, Q3W), followed by nivolumab monotherapy (240 mg, Q2W) for up to 12 months. Patient recruitment closed prematurely due to slow accrual and the statistical analyses plan was updated to address progression-free survival (PFS) as the only primary endpoint. RESULTS Of the 222 patients enrolled, 153 were randomised (78: experimental; 75: observation). Among the randomised patients, median age was 62 years, 60% males, 34%/65% current/former smokers, 31%/66% performance status (PS) 0/1. Up to 25 May 2020 (median follow-up 22.4 months), 40 PFS events were observed in the experimental arm, with median PFS 10.7 months [95% confidence interval (CI) 7.0-not estimable (NE)] versus 42 events and median 14.5 months (8.2-NE) in the observation, hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02 (0.66-1.58), two-sided P = 0.93. With updated follow-up (03 June 2021; median: 35 months), median OS was not reached in the experimental arm, while it was 32.1 months (26.1-NE) in observation, with HR = 0.95 (0.59-1.52), P = 0.82. In the experimental arm, median time-to-treatment-discontinuation was only 1.7 months. CTCAE v4 grade ≥3 adverse events were experienced by 62% of patients in the experimental and 25% in the observation arm, with 4 and 1 fatal, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The STIMULI trial did not meet its primary endpoint of improving PFS with nivolumab-ipilimumab consolidation after chemo-radiotherapy in LD-SCLC. A short period on active treatment related to toxicity and treatment discontinuation likely affected the efficacy results.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Peters
- Department of Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland; Lausanne University, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - J-L Pujol
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Hopital Arnaud de Villeneuve, Montpellier, France
| | - U Dafni
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece; Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - M Dómine
- Hospital Universitario Fundacion Jimenez Díaz (IIS-FJD), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Popat
- Medicine, Royal Marsden Hospital, London, UK
| | - M Reck
- Thoracic Oncology, Lung Clinic Grosshansdorf, Airway Research Center North (ARCN), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Grosshansdorf, Germany
| | - J Andrade
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Virgen De La Salud, Toledo, Spain
| | - A Becker
- Department of Pulmonology, Amsterdam University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - D Moro-Sibilot
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Grenoble-Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - A Curioni-Fontecedro
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - O Molinier
- Department of Respiratory Disease, Centre Hospitalier - Le Mans, Le Mans, France
| | - K Nackaerts
- Department of Pulmonology, Respiratory Oncology Unit, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - A Insa Mollá
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario De Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - R Gervais
- Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - G López Vivanco
- Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitario Cruces, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - J Madelaine
- Thoracic Oncology Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Caen Normandie, Caen, France
| | - J Mazieres
- Thoracic Oncology, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | - M Majem
- Hospital De La Santa Creu I Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | | | - K Vervita
- Frontier Science Foundation-Hellas, Athens, Greece
| | - H Roschitzki-Voser
- Coordinating Office, European Thoracic Oncology Platform, Bern, Switzerland
| | - B Ruepp
- Coordinating Office, European Thoracic Oncology Platform, Bern, Switzerland
| | - P Mitchell
- Olivia Newton-John Cancer Centre, Austin Hospital (VIC), Melbourne, Australia
| | - R A Stahel
- Coordinating Office, European Thoracic Oncology Platform, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - C Le Pechoux
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | - D De Ruysscher
- Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Radiation Oncology (Maastro), GROW School for Oncology, Maastricht, Netherlands
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11
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Girard N, Ponce Aix S, Cedres S, Berghmans T, Burgers S, Toffart A, Popat S, Janssens A, Gervais R, Hochstenbag M, Silva M, Burger I, Prosch H, Stahel R, Govaerts AS, Pochesci A, Neven A, Peters S. LBA66 Efficacy and safety of nivolumab for patients with pre-treated type B3 thymoma and thymic carcinoma: Results from the EORTC-ETOP NIVOTHYM phase II trial. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.08.2147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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12
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Rico D, Gervais R, Schwebel L, Lebeuf Y, Chouinard P. Production performance and oxidative stability of milk enriched with n-3 fatty acids in Holstein cows fed flaxseed meal. Can J Anim Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1139/cjas-2020-0105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Six Holstein cows were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin Square design to investigate the effect of flaxseed meal on production performance and oxidative stability of milk enriched with n-3 fatty acids. Flaxseed oil was abomasally infused to all cows at 243 g·d−1 which increased milk concentration of α-linolenic acid from 3.08 (pretrial) up to 53.0 mg·g−1 fat. On a dry matter basis, dietary treatments were canola meal (CM; 165 g·kg−1), flaxseed meal (FM; 165 g·kg−1), and CM (165 g·kg−1) + vitamin E (VE; 300 IU·kg−1). Pre-planned contrasts were CM vs. FM and VE vs. FM. No difference was observed on dry matter intake, milk production, and yield of milk protein, and lactose for any of the contrasts evaluated. However, fat yield tended to be lower with FM relative to CM but was not different from VE. Milk enterolactone concentration was 6.8-fold greater with FM than with CM, whereas milk tocopherol was increased by 3.4-fold with VE relative to FM. Increased concentrations of enterolactone or tocopherol were not efficient to significantly modify the time course of appearance of propanal, hexanal, hept-cis-4-enal, and 1-octen-3-one in milk during storage evaluated for 10 d at 4 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- D.E. Rico
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - R. Gervais
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - L. Schwebel
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Y. Lebeuf
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - P.Y. Chouinard
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
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13
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Bouteiller F, Cousin S, Sofeu C, Perrocheau G, Gervais R, Perol M, Girard N, Chamorey E, Pasquier D, Dubray Longeras P, Kaderbhai C, Schott R, Filleron T, Chouaid C, Debieuvre D, Valette CA, Quantin X, Bosquet L, Martin A, Bellera C. Exploratory analyses of surrogate endpoints in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2021.04.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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14
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Dion S, Brassard ME, Lévesque J, Rico DE, Tremblay GF, Gervais R, Chouinard PY. Potassium carbonate as a supplement to improve milk fat concentration and yield in early-lactating dairy goats fed a high-starch, low-fiber diet. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:7794-7807. [PMID: 33865595 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the use of K2CO3 as dietary buffer to prevent or to recover from low milk fat production when early-lactating dairy goats are fed a high-starch, low-fiber (HSLF) diet. At kidding, 30 Alpine goats housed in pens with Calan gate feeders received a total mixed ration with a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 55:45 on a dry matter (DM) basis for a baseline period of 27 ± 4 d. Goats (milk yield, 4.14 ± 0.88 kg/d; milk fat, 4.28 ± 0.52%; mean ± SD) were then assigned to 1 of 10 blocks according to parity (first vs. second or more) and milk fat concentration, and fed a HSLF diet containing 45% forages and 55% concentrates for 2 experimental periods of 28 d. Treatments were identified as (1) control, in which the HSLF diet was fed throughout both periods; (2) preventive, in which the HSLF diet supplemented with K2CO3 (1.6% of DM) was fed during both periods; and (3) recovery, in which the HSLF diet was fed during the first period (P1) and the HSLF diet supplemented with K2CO3 was fed during the second period (P2). Data from P1 and P2 were analyzed separately. In P1, preplanned contrasts were used to evaluate the preventive effect of K2CO3 (control and recovery, both groups receiving the same diet during this period, vs. preventive), and in P2, to assess the potential of K2CO3 to alleviate an already existing state of low milk fat (control vs. recovery and preventive vs. recovery). Feeding the HSLF diet in P1 moderately decreased milk fat concentration (-16%) and yield (-13%) as compared with baseline. Dietary addition of K2CO3 decreased DM intake by 12 and 14% in P1 and P2, respectively. Ruminal pH was not different among treatments. There was also no significant difference in milk yield (4.13 and 3.71 kg/d on average in P1 and P2, respectively) for any tested contrasts. In P1, milk fat concentration and yield did not differ among goats fed control (3.58% and 151 g/d, respectively) and preventive (3.67% and 148 g/d, respectively) diets. In P2, milk fat concentration and yield did not differ among goats fed the control diet (3.38% and 137 g/d, respectively), and diets where K2CO3 was used as preventive (3.44% and 126 g/d, respectively) or recovery treatment (3.25% and 113 g/d, respectively). Supplementing a high-concentrate diet with 1.6% K2CO3 was therefore not effective in either preventing or suppressing already existing conditions of low milk fat production in dairy goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Dion
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - M E Brassard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - J Lévesque
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault, Deschambault, QC, Canada G0A 1S0
| | - D E Rico
- Centre de Recherche en Sciences Animales de Deschambault, Deschambault, QC, Canada G0A 1S0
| | - G F Tremblay
- Québec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 2J3
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
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15
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Pérol M, Quantin X, Lena H, Filleron T, Chouaid C, Valette CA, Kaderbhai C, Chenuc G, Santorelli M, Bensimon L, Burke T, Simon G, Martin AL, Debieuvre D, Gervais R, Schott R, Carton M, Courtinard C, Girard N. 110P Real-world evaluation of pembrolizumab monotherapy for previously treated PD-L1 positive (TPS>1%) advanced NSCLC in France. J Thorac Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1556-0864(21)01952-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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16
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Rico JE, Myers WA, Javaid A, Gervais R, McFadden JW. Effects of abomasal infusions of fatty acids and 1-carbon donors on apparent fatty acid digestibility and incorporation into milk fat in cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:6677-6687. [PMID: 33685713 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Our primary objective was to determine the effects of the abomasal infusion of 16-carbon (16C) and 22-carbon (22C) fatty acids (FA) on apparent FA digestibility, plasma FA concentrations, and their incorporation into milk fat in cows. Our secondary objective was to study the effects of 1-carbon donors choline and l-serine on these variables. Five rumen-cannulated Holstein cows (214 ± 4.9 d in milk; 3.2 ± 1.1 parity) were enrolled in a 5 × 5 Latin square experiment with experimental periods lasting 6 d. Abomasal infusates consisted of (1) palmitic acid (PA; 98% 16:0 of total fat), (2) PA + choline chloride (PA+CC; 50 g/d of choline chloride), (3) PA + l-serine (PA+S; 170 g/d of l-serine), (4) behenic acid (BA; 92% 22:0 of total fat), and (5) docosahexaenoic acid algal oil (DHA; 47.5% DHA of total fat). Emulsions were formulated to provide 301 g/d of total FA and were balanced to provide a minimum of 40 and 19 g/d of 16:0 and glycerol, respectively, to match the content found in the infused algal oil. Apparent digestibility of FA was highest in DHA, intermediate in PA, and lowest in BA. Digestibility of 16C FA was lowest in BA and highest in PA. The digestibility of 22C FA was highest in DHA relative to BA (99 vs. 58%), whereas 1-carbon donors had no effect on 22C FA digestibility. Plasma 16C FA concentrations were greatest with PA treatment, and 22C FA concentrations were ~3-fold greater in DHA-treated cows relative to all other treatments. Milk fat 16:0 content was highest in PA relative to BA and DHA (e.g., 37 vs. 27% in PA and DHA), whereas the milk yield of 16:0 was higher in PA relative to DHA (i.e., 454 vs. 235 g/d). Similarly, milk 22:0 content and yield were ~10-fold higher in BA relative to all other treatments, whereas DHA treatment resulted in higher content and yield of 22:6 in milk fat relative to all other treatments (41- and 38-fold higher, respectively). Consequently, the content of FA >16C (i.e., preformed) was higher in milk fat from cows infused with BA and DHA relative to PA. De novo FA content in milk did not differ between PA, PA+CC, and PA+S (~16% of milk fat) but was higher in BA and DHA treatments (19 and 21%, respectively). We conclude that FA carbon chain length and degree of saturation affected FA digestibility and availability for absorption as well as their incorporation into milk fat. The abomasal infusion of choline chloride and l-serine did not modify these variables relative to infusing palmitic acid alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Rico
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - W A Myers
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - A Javaid
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - J W McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
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17
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Wang F, Rico JE, Fontoura ABP, Gervais R, McFadden JW. Short communication: Effects of dietary deoiled soy lecithin supplementation on circulating choline and choline metabolites, and the plasma phospholipid profile in Holstein cows fed palm fat. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:1838-1845. [PMID: 33246625 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Dietary lecithin is a source of choline. Our objective was to evaluate the effects of dietary deoiled soy lecithin feeding on circulating choline, choline metabolites, and the plasma phospholipid profile in lactating dairy cows fed fractionated palm fatty acids. In a split-plot Latin square design, 16 Holstein cows (160 ± 7 d in milk; 3.6 ± 1.2 parity) were randomly allocated to a main plot receiving a corn silage and alfalfa haylage-based diet with palm fat containing either moderate or high palmitic acid content at 1.75% of ration dry matter (moderate and high palmitic acid containing 72 or 99% palmitic acid in fat supplement, respectively; n = 8/palm fat diet). Within each palm fat group, deoiled soy lecithin was top-dressed at 0, 0.12, 0.24, or 0.36% of ration dry matter in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with 14-d experimental periods. A 14-d covariate period was used to acclimate cows to palm fat feeding without lecithin supplementation. Blood sampling occurred during the final 3 d of each experimental period. Plasma choline and choline metabolites were quantified using liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry. Plasma phospholipids were profiled using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Whereas no effects of treatments were detected for plasma choline or methionine, lecithin feeding increased the plasma concentrations of choline metabolites trimethylamine N-oxide and dimethylglycine (24 and 11%, respectively). Plasma phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin (SM) concentrations increased with deoiled lecithin feeding (e.g., PC 16:0/22:6 and SM d18:1/18:3). Lecithin supplementation also increased plasma lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) concentrations (e.g., LPC 18:0) while reducing plasma phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) concentrations (e.g., PE 16:0/20:5). Although increases in microbial-derived trimethylamine N-oxide suggest gastrointestinal lecithin degradation, elevations in plasma dimethylglycine, PC, LPC, and SM suggest that choline availability was improved by lecithin feeding in cows, thus supporting enhanced endogenous phospholipid synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853; State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Beijing Engineering Technology Research Center of Raw Milk Quality and Safety Control, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - J E Rico
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - A B P Fontoura
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - J W McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
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Plante-Dubé M, Picard C, Gilbert I, Robert C, Fievez V, Vlaeminck B, Belleannée C, Gervais R, Chouinard PY. Effects of a dietary supplement enriched in palmitoleic acid on fatty acid composition of follicular fluid, granulosa cell metabolism, and oocyte developmental capacity in early lactation dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2021; 104:3693-3706. [PMID: 33455772 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In high-yielding dairy cows, some fertility traits can be influenced by the fatty acid (FA) composition of the follicular fluid during early lactation. The first objective of the current study was to evaluate the potential of dietary supplements enriched in specific FA to influence the FA composition of follicular fluid lipid classes in early lactation dairy cows. The second objective was to determine the influence of the resulting follicular fluid FA composition on the folliculogenesis, lipid and energy metabolism of granulosa cells, as well as oocyte quality and embryo development. Twenty Holstein multiparous cows in late gestation were randomly assigned to 200 g/d of FA supplements enriched in (1) palmitic acid (control treatment; 82% 16:0; PA) in the rumen or (2) palmitoleic acid (sea buckthorn oil; 27% cis-9 16:1, 28% 16:0, 22% cis-9 18:1, and 11% cis-9,cis-12 18:2; SBT) in the abomasum. The treatment period ranged from 20 ± 5 d precalving to 67 ± 2 d postcalving. Cumulus-oocyte complexes, granulosa cells, and follicular fluid were recovered from 2 sequential sessions of ovum pick-up (OPU-1 and OPU-2) at 46 and 67 ± 2 d postcalving (mean ± standard deviation). On the same days, blood samples were collected. Milk performance was recorded, and feed and milk samples were collected from d 8 to 10 ± 3 (onset of lactation), d 35 to 37 ± 2 (before OPU-1), and d 63 to 65 ± 2 (before OPU-2). Treatments did not affect milk yield or fat concentration throughout the experimental trial. Compared with PA, SBT increased the cis-9 16:1 concentration in milk fat, in plasma esterified lipid classes (phospholipids, cholesterol esters, and triacylglycerols), and in follicular fluid phospholipids and cholesterol esters at OPU-1. Abundance of mRNA for stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 and 5, and perilipin 2 in granulosa cells was not different between treatments, but an increase in the level of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 5 was observed between the 2 OPU periods. Treatments did not affect oocyte quality and developmental capacity or embryo lipid metabolism when cultivated in vitro. These results suggest that limited modifications in the FA composition of the oocyte microenvironment via dietary lipid supplements enriched in specific FA had no major effects on granulosa cell metabolism and oocyte developmental capacity in early lactation cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Plante-Dubé
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - C Picard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - I Gilbert
- Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - C Robert
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - V Fievez
- Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, East Flanders, 2PWG+GW, Belgium
| | - B Vlaeminck
- Department of Animal Production, Ghent University, East Flanders, 2PWG+GW, Belgium
| | - C Belleannée
- Département d'Obstétrique, de Gynécologie et de Reproduction, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada; Institute of Nutrition and Functional Food, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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19
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Taga H, Dallaire MP, Gervais R, Richard FJ, Ma L, Corl BA, Chouinard PY. Characterization of raft microdomains in bovine mammary tissue during lactation: How they are modulated by fatty acid treatments. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:2384-2395. [PMID: 33246605 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-19267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the current study was first to characterize lipid raft microdomains isolated as detergent-resistant membranes (DRM) from mammary gland tissue, and second to determine how dietary fatty acids (FA) such as conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), 19:1 cyclo, and long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated FA affect lipid raft markers of mammary cells, and to finally establish relationships between these markers and lactation performance in dairy cows. Eight Holstein cows were used in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design with periods of 28 d. For the first 14 d, cows received daily an abomasal infusion of (1) 406 g of a saturated FA supplement (112 g of 16:0 + 230 g of 18:0) used as a control; (2) 36 g of a CLA supplement (13.9 g of trans-10,cis-12 18:2) + 370 g of saturated FA; (3) 7 g of Sterculia fetida oil (3.1 g of 19:1 cyclo, STO) + 399 g of saturated FA; or (4) 406 g of fish oil (55.2 g of cis-5,cis-8,cis-11,cis-14,cis-17 20:5 + 59.3 g of cis-4,cis-7,cis-10,cis-13,cis-16,cis-19 22:6, FO). Mammary biopsies were harvested on d 14 of each infusion period and were followed by a 14-d washout interval. Cholera toxin subunit B, which specifically binds to ganglioside M-1 (GM-1), a lipid raft marker, was used to assess its distribution in DRM. Infusions of CLA, STO, and FO were individually compared with the control, and significance was declared at P ≤ 0.05. Milk fat yield was decreased with CLA and FO, but was not affected by STO. Milk lactose yield was decreased with CLA and STO, but was not affected by FO. Mammary tissue shows a strong GM-1-signal enrichment in isolated DRM from mammary gland tissue. Caveolin (CAV) and flotillin (FLOT) are 2 proteins considered as lipid raft markers and they are present in DRM from mammary gland tissue. Distributions of GM-1, CAV-1, and FLOT-1 showed an effect of treatments determined by their subcellular distributions in sucrose gradient fractions. Regardless of treatments, data showed positive relationships between the yield of milk fat, protein, and lactose, and the abundance GM-1 in DRM fraction. Milk protein yield was positively correlated with relative proportion of FLOT-1 in the soluble fraction, whereas lactose yield was positively correlated with relative proportion of CAV-1 in the DRM fractions. Infusion of CLA decreased mRNA abundance of CAV-1, FLOT-1, and FLOT-2. Regardless of treatments, a positive relationship was observed between fat yield and mRNA abundance of FLOT-2. In conclusion, although limited to a few markers, results of the current experiment raised potential links between variation in specific biologically active component of raft microdomains in bovine mammary gland and lactation performances in dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Taga
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - M P Dallaire
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - F J Richard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada
| | - L Ma
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
| | - B A Corl
- Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg 24061
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6 Canada.
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Fontoura ABP, Rico JE, Davis AN, Myers WA, Tate BN, Gervais R, McFadden JW. Effects of dietary deoiled soy lecithin supplementation on milk production and fatty acid digestibility in Holstein dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 104:1823-1837. [PMID: 33246607 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Deoiled soy lecithin is a feed additive enriched in phospholipids. Our study evaluated the effects of dietary deoiled soy lecithin supplementation on (1) milk production and composition, (2) plasma and milk fatty acid (FA) content and yield, and (3) apparent FA digestibility and absorption in lactating dairy cows fed fractionated palm fat. In a split-plot Latin square design, 16 Holstein cows (160 ± 7 days in milk; 3.6 ± 1.2 parity) were randomly allocated to a main plot receiving a corn silage and alfalfa haylage-based diet with palm fat containing either moderate (MPA) or high palmitic acid (HPA) content at 1.75% of ration dry matter (72 or 99% palmitic acid, respectively; n = 8/palm fat diet). On each palm fat diet, deoiled soy lecithin was top-dressed at 0, 0.12, 0.24, or 0.36% of ration dry matter in a replicated 4 × 4 Latin square design. Following a 14-d covariate period, lecithin supplementation spanned 14 d, with milk and blood collected during the final 3 d. Milk composition and pooled plasma markers were measured. The statistical model included the fixed effects of palm fat type, lecithin dose, period, and the interaction between palm fat type and lecithin dose. The random effect of cow nested within palm fat group was also included. Lecithin linearly decreased dry matter intake. In cows fed HPA, lecithin feeding reduced milk fat content and tended to decrease milk fat yield. Although no changes in milk yield were observed, a quadratic reduction in 3.5% fat-corrected milk was observed with increasing lecithin dose. Lecithin linearly increased energy-corrected milk efficiency in cows fed MPA. Lecithin supplementation also decreased milk urea nitrogen, relative to unsupplemented cows. The proportion of 16-carbon FA in milk fat decreased linearly with lecithin dose, whereas 18-carbon FA increased linearly. Lecithin reduced de novo FA (<16-carbon) content and tended to increase preformed FA (>16-carbon) content in a linear manner. Compared with MPA, HPA diets reduced apparent total and 16-carbon FA digestibility and absorption. Deoiled soy lecithin feeding did not modify FA digestibility or absorption. Our observations suggest that soy lecithin feeding modifies rumen digestion to reduce dry matter intake and change milk composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- A B P Fontoura
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - J E Rico
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - A N Davis
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - W A Myers
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - B N Tate
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, Québec G1V 0A6
| | - J W McFadden
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853.
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21
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Toral PG, Hervás G, Della Badia A, Gervais R, Frutos P. Effect of dietary lipids and other nutrients on milk odd- and branched-chain fatty acid composition in dairy ewes. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:11413-11423. [PMID: 33069404 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Milk odd- and branched-chain fatty acids (OBCFA) are largely derived from bacteria leaving the rumen, which has encouraged research on their use as biomarkers of rumen function. Targeted research has examined relationships between these fatty acids (FA) and dietary components, but interactions between the effects of lipids and other nutrients on milk OBCFA are not well characterized yet. Furthermore, factors controlling milk OBCFA in sheep are largely unknown. Thus, the present meta-analysis examined relationships between diet composition and milk OBCFA using a database compiled with lot observations from 14 trials in dairy ewes fed lipid supplements. A total of 47 lots received lipid supplements, whereas their respective controls (27 lots) were fed the same basal diets without lipid supplementation. Relationships between milk OBCFA and dietary components were first assessed through a principal component analysis (PCA) and a correlation analysis. Then, responses of milk OBCFA to variations in specific dietary components (selected on the basis of the PCA) were examined in more detail by regression analysis. According to the loading plot, dietary unsaturated C18 FA loaded opposite to major milk OBCFA (e.g., 15:0, 15:0 anteiso, and 17:0) and were strongly correlated with principal component 1, which described 46% of variability. Overall, regression equations supported this negative, and generally linear, relationship between unsaturated C18 FA levels and milk OBCFA. However, the influence of C20-22 n-3 polyunsaturated FA and saturated FA was more limited. The PCA also suggested that dietary crude protein is not a determinant of milk OBCFA profile in dairy ewes, but significant relationships were observed between some OBCFA and dietary fiber or starch, consistent with a potential role of these FA as biomarkers of rumen cellulolytic and amylolytic bacteria. In this regard, regression equations indicated that iso FA would show opposite responses to increasing levels of acid detergent fiber (positive linear coefficients) and starch (negative linear coefficients). Lipid supplementation would not largely affect these associations, supporting the potential of OBCFA as noninvasive markers of rumen function under different feeding conditions (i.e., with or without lipid supplementation). Because consumption of these FA may have nutritional benefits for humans, the use of high-fiber/low-starch rations might be recommended to maintain the highest possible content of milk OBCFA in dairy sheep.
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Affiliation(s)
- P G Toral
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain.
| | - G Hervás
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - A Della Badia
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - P Frutos
- Instituto de Ganadería de Montaña (CSIC-University of León), Finca Marzanas s/n, 24346 Grulleros, León, Spain
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Bylicki O, Clarisse B, Grellard JM, Swalduz A, Castera-Tellier M, Ferlandin S, Monnet I, Greillier L, Descourt R, Peron J, Chouaid C, Gervais R. 1411TiP GFPC 06-2018: A multicenter non-randomized phase II study evaluating platinum-pemetrexed-atezolizumab (+/-bevacizumab) for patients with stage IIIB/IV non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer with EGFR mutations, ALK rearrangement or ROS1 fusion progressing after targeted therapies. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Wislez M, Mazieres J, Lavole A, Zalcman G, Carre O, Egenod T, Caliandro R, Gervais R, Jeannin G, Molinier O, Massiani M, Langlais A, Morin F, Le Pimpec Barthes F, Brouchet L, Assouad J, Milleron B, Damotte D, Antoine M, Westeel V. 1214O Neoadjuvant durvalumab in resectable non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC): Preliminary results from a multicenter study (IFCT-1601 IONESCO). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Monnet I, Vergnenegre A, Robinet G, Berard H, Lamy R, Falchero L, S. vieillot, Schott R, Lena H, Chouabe S, Thomas P, Gervais R, Flandin ACM, Abdiche S, Chiappa AM, Greillier L, Decroisette C, Auliac J, Chouaid C. 1306P Platin pemetrexed with or without bevacizumab with upfront versus “at progression” brain radiotherapy in advanced non squamous non-small cell lung cancer with asymptomatic brain metastasis: A randomized phase III trial (Metal2 trial). Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.1620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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25
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Besse B, Menis J, Bironzo P, Gervais R, Greillier L, Monnet I, Livi L, Young R, Decroisette C, Cloarec N, Robinet G, Schott R, Califano R, De Marinis F, Banna G, Mauer M, Pochesci A, Hasan B, Berghmans T, Dingemans AM. LBA85 REACTION: A phase II study of etoposide and cis/carboplatin with or without pembrolizumab in untreated extensive small cell lung cancer. Ann Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2020.08.2327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Richard AM, Gervais R, Tremblay GF, Bélanger G, Charbonneau É. Tall fescue as an alternative to timothy fed with or without alfalfa to dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8062-8073. [PMID: 32600773 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-18120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Tall fescue might be an alternative to timothy in northeastern North America because of its tolerance of recurring drought periods and its good summer regrowth, but is not always considered as an option in dairy rations because of its possible lack of palatability. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects on the performance of lactating dairy cows of (1) replacing timothy silage by tall fescue silage, offered as sole forage in the diet or in combination with alfalfa silage, and (2) feeding tall fescue as silage (35% dry matter, DM) or haylage (55% DM). Experimental diets with a forage-to-concentrate ratio of 70:30 were (1) 100% timothy silage (TS); (2) 100% tall fescue silage (TFS); (3) 55:45 timothy:alfalfa silages (TS + AS); (4) 55:45 tall fescue:alfalfa silages (TFS + AS); and (5) 100% tall fescue haylage (TFH). Fifteen Holstein cows in mid-lactation (5 fitted with a rumen fistula) were randomly assigned to treatments in a triple 5 × 5 Latin square design with treatment periods of 21 d. Preplanned contrasts were timothy versus tall fescue silages, sole grass species versus grass-alfalfa, interaction between sole grass species and grass-alfalfa, and TFS versus TFH. Grass species did not affect dry matter intake (DMI) or milk yield and fat concentration. Milk protein concentration was not affected by grass species when offered in combination with alfalfa, but it was higher with the TS diet than the TFS diet when offered as sole forages. Adding alfalfa to either tall fescue or timothy silage resulted in greater DMI and milk yield, but lower milk fat concentration, than when the grass silages were the sole forage in the diet. The molar proportion of propionate in the rumen was greater when cows were fed diets with tall fescue silage compared with timothy silage, which resulted in a lower acetate-to-propionate ratio. Milk fat concentrations of fatty acids from microbial origin, namely branched-chain fatty acids, were greater when grass silage, and especially timothy silage, were fed as sole forages rather than with alfalfa silage. Feeding TFH rather than TFS caused a decrease in DMI and tended to lower milk protein concentration, but did not affect milk yield. A more fibrolytic fermentation profile was observed in rumen of cows fed TFH compared with TFS, as indicated by the increase in the molar proportion of acetate and the higher acetate-to-propionate ratio in rumen fluid, and a concomitant increase in branched-chain fatty acid concentration in milk fat. Tall fescue as silage or haylage is a valuable alternative to timothy silage for lactating dairy cows.
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Affiliation(s)
- A-M Richard
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - R Gervais
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6
| | - G F Tremblay
- Québec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Québec, QC, Canada GIV 2J3
| | - G Bélanger
- Québec Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Québec, QC, Canada GIV 2J3
| | - É Charbonneau
- Département des sciences animales, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada G1V 0A6.
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27
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Toral P, Gervais R, Hervás G, Létourneau-Montminy MP, Frutos P. Relationships between trans-10 shift indicators and milk fat traits in dairy ewes: Insights into milk fat depression. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2020.114389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Kissel M, Martel-Lafay I, Lequesne J, Faivre JC, Le Péchoux C, Stefan D, Barraux V, Loiseau C, Grellard JM, Danhier S, Lerouge D, Chouaid C, Gervais R, Thariat J. Irradiation stéréotaxique des oligométastases, oligorécurrences, oligopersistances et oligoprogressions extracérébrales de cancer bronchique. Cancer Radiother 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2019.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Ortiz-Cuaran S, Mezquita L, Swalduz A, Aldea M, Mazieres J, Jovelet C, Flores WC, Lacroix L, Loriot Y, Friboulet L, Westeel V, Ngocamus M, Pradines A, Tissot C, Duchene CC, Raynaud C, Quantin X, Gervais R, Brain E, Monnet I, Leprieur EG, Avrillon V, Mahier-Aït Oukhatar C, Hoog-Labouret N, De Kievit F, Howarth K, Guichou J, Morris C, Green E, Perol M, Besse B, Blay J, Saintigny P, Planchard D. MA21.07 Circulating Tumor DNA Analysis Depicts Potential Mechanisms of Resistance to BRAF-Targeted Therapies in BRAF+ Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Zalcman G, Brosseau S, Mazieres J, Margery J, Greillier L, Audigier-Valette C, Moro-Sibilot D, Molinier O, Corre R, Monnet I, Gounant V, Rivière F, Gervais R, Janicot H, Locher C, Langlais A, Parienti J, Morin F, Scherpereel A. MA05.05 Post-Discontinuation Treatments in IFCT-GFPC-0701 MAPS Trial: Real-World Effectiveness of 2nd-Line (2L) Treatments for Mesothelioma. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gobbini E, Toffart A, Perol M, Assié J, Duruisseaux M, Coupez D, Gervais R, Westeel V, Delaunay M, Guisier F, Veillon R, Gounant V, Leprieur EG, Vanel F, Chaabane N, Dansin E, Babey H, Decroisette C, Barlesi F, Girard N, Fournel P, Mezquita L, Oulkhouir Y, Canellas A, Duchemann B, Molinier O, Moro-Sibilot D, Levra MG. MA07.05 Immune Checkpoint Inhibitor (ICPi) Re-Challenge: Outcomes Analysis in a French National Cohort of Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) Patients. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Baize N, Monnet I, Greillier L, Geier M, Lena H, Janicot H, Vergnenegre A, Crequit J, Lamy R, Auliac J, Le Treut J, Le Caer H, Gervais R, Dansin E, Madroszyk A, Renault P, Legarff G, Schott R, Saulnier P, Chouaid C. OA15.02 Carboplatin-Etoposide Versus Topotecan as Second-Line Treatment for Sensitive Relapsed Small-Cell Lung Cancer: Phase 3 Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2019.08.490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Guisier F, Gervais R, Husseini KE, Assié JB, Geier M, Decroisette C, Corre R, Descourt R, Chouaid C, Salaun M, Thiberville L. Local ablative treatment and treatment beyond progression for oligo-progression in stage IV non-small cell lung cancer after tumour response to anti-PD1 treatment. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz260.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Elfaquir J, Sidney S, Poupard M, Duverger C, Dieye T, Gervais R, Khuong-Josses MA. Génériques des antirétroviraux (ARV) : perception et tolérance des patients. Med Mal Infect 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmal.2019.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Rambeau A, Licaj I, Gery B, Gervais R, Florescu C, Babin E, De Raucourt D, Johnson A, Thariat J. Platinum rechallenge in recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma after primary chemoradiation. Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2019; 136:257-261. [PMID: 31003864 DOI: 10.1016/j.anorl.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate platinum rechallenge efficacy and tolerance in patients presenting recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) after platinum-based chemoradiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively included all patients treated from 2007 to 2016 by platinum-based polychemotherapy for recurrence of HNSCC previously treated by primary or postsurgical platinum-based chemoradiation. The primary end-point was disease control rate (DCR) on platinum rechallenge. RESULTS Forty-five patients were included. Median disease-free interval (DFI) after chemoradiation was 5.7 months. DCR on platinum rechallenge was 40%. Progression-free survival at recurrence was 3.7 months and overall survival 5.0 months. DCR in patients with recurrence within 6 months of chemoradiotherapy was 47.8%. DFI>4.5 months was associated with better DCR: 28.5% versus 54.8%; P=0.0311. CONCLUSION Platinum rechallenge provided good DCR in recurrent HNSCC after chemoradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rambeau
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Medical Oncology Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France.
| | - I Licaj
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - B Gery
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Radiotherapy Department, Centre Francois Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - R Gervais
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Medical Oncology Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - C Florescu
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Radiotherapy Department, Centre Francois Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - E Babin
- Head and Neck Surgery Department, University Hospital, Caen, France
| | - D De Raucourt
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Head and Neck Surgery Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - A Johnson
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Medical Oncology Department, Centre François Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - J Thariat
- Head and Neck Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, Avenue du Général Harris, 14000 Caen, France; Radiotherapy Department, Centre Francois Baclesse, Caen, France
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Girard N, Pérol M, Simon G, Audigier Valette C, Gervais R, Debieuvre D, Schott R, Quantin X, Coudert B, Lena H, Carton M, Robain M, Filleron T, Chouaid C. Real-world treatment patterns, clinical practice and outcomes for locally advanced, non resectable, non-small cell lung cancer from the French ESME Lung database. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz067.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Dos Santos M, Lange M, Gervais R, Clarisse B, Capel A, Barillet M, Grellard JM, Heutte N, Licaj I, Joly F. Impact of anxio-depressive symptoms and cognitive function on oral anticancer therapies adherence. Support Care Cancer 2019; 27:3573-3581. [PMID: 30690685 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-4644-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oral anticancer therapies have an important place in the therapeutic arsenal, but factors influencing adherence to oral treatment are poorly documented in oncology. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of anxio-depressive symptoms and cognitive functioning on oral medication adherence. METHODS This prospective study included cancer patients initiating a first oral therapy. Before initiation of treatment, an assessment of depression, anxiety, and cognition was performed. Using self-report questionnaires, we collected information on socio-demographic conditions and the non-adherence at 1 (M1) and 3 months (M3) after the beginning of treatment. RESULTS Among 129 patients enrolled, median age was 70 years and 81% of patients were treated for metastatic cancer. Before initiating treatment, 16% and 8% of patients presented respectively depression and anxiety symptoms. Global cognitive impairment was observed in 51% of patients. Ten percent of the patients were non-adherent at M1 and 13% at M3. Depression was strongly associated with non-adherence at M1 (P = 0.046) and M3 (P = 0.014), but not anxiety. Non-adherence was associated with lower working memory (P = 0.037) and digit memory (P = 0.018) at M1 and short-term memory (P = 0.04) at M3. Patients with more than eight co-medications were more often non-adherents (P = 0.055). CONCLUSIONS Non-adherence to oral anticancer therapies was mainly associated to depression. Focusing on depressive symptoms before initiation of oral anticancer therapy could help to identify patient profiles more likely to fail self-management. Working memory, digit memory, and short-term memory also seem to play a role in non-adherence. Further studies should include a more specific population, especially according to age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Dos Santos
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France. .,Department of Medicine, Hospital University, 14000, Caen, France. .,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, 3 Avenue du Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France. .,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, 14000, Caen, France.
| | - M Lange
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France.,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, 14000, Caen, France
| | - R Gervais
- Department of Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, 3 Avenue du Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France
| | - B Clarisse
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France
| | - A Capel
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France
| | - M Barillet
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France
| | - J M Grellard
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France
| | - N Heutte
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France.,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, 14000, Caen, France
| | - I Licaj
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France.,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, 14000, Caen, France
| | - F Joly
- Clinical Research Department, Centre François Baclesse, 14000, Caen, France.,Department of Medicine, Hospital University, 14000, Caen, France.,Department of Medical Oncology, Centre François Baclesse, 3 Avenue du Général Harris, 14000, Caen, France.,INSERM, U1086, ANTICIPE, 14000, Caen, France
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Neviere Z, Berthet P, Polycarpe F, Dubos-Arvis C, Dô P, Gervais R. [Malignant mesothelioma and constitutional BAP1 gene mutations]. Rev Mal Respir 2019; 36:241-248. [PMID: 30686559 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2017.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2017] [Accepted: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Malignant mesothelioma is a rare tumour, usually the result of asbestos exposure. Several cases of familial aggregation have been reported and recently shown to be associated with constitutional mutations of the BAP1 gene. BAP1 is a deubiquitinating enzyme implicated in several different cellular mechanisms such as the repair or differentiation of DNA. About a half of malignant mesotheliomas present a somatic, bi-allelic inactivation of BAP1, demonstrated by nuclear extinction on histochemistry. Constitutional alterations of BAP1 are extremely rare. Present in the heterozygous state they are transmitted as an autosomal dominant. They are associated with a risk of developing other tumours such as uveal and cutaneous melanomas, benign melanocytic tumours (melanocytic BAP1-mutated atypical intradermal tumour or MBAITS) and clear cell renal carcinomas. The causal link between mesothelioma and germinal mutations of BAP1 has still not been clearly identified. At present there is, in France, no consensus on recommendations for the management of patients with these mutations. This article is a synthesis of the literature on the functions of the BAP1 gene, the tumour risks related to its alteration and the follow up of patients bearing a constitutional mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Neviere
- Centre François-Baclesse, avenue du Général-Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 5, France.
| | - P Berthet
- Centre François-Baclesse, avenue du Général-Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 5, France
| | - F Polycarpe
- Centre François-Baclesse, avenue du Général-Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 5, France
| | - C Dubos-Arvis
- Centre François-Baclesse, avenue du Général-Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 5, France
| | - P Dô
- Centre François-Baclesse, avenue du Général-Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 5, France
| | - R Gervais
- Centre François-Baclesse, avenue du Général-Harris, 14076 Caen cedex 5, France
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Descourt R, Pérol M, Rousseau-Bussac G, Planchard D, Mennecier B, Wislez M, Cortot A, Guisier F, Galland L, Gervais R, Dansin E, Schott R, Arrondeau J, Dujon C, Madelaine J, Jeannin G, Bylicki O, Daniel C, Spaeth D, Auliac J, Chouaïd C. Efficacité et tolérance du brigatinib chez des patients pris en charge pour un cancer bronchopulmonaire non à petites cellules avec translocation ALK en France. Étude BRIGALK. Rev Mal Respir 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Lévesque J, Dion S, Brassard M, Rico D, Gervais R, Chouinard Y. PSXV-24 Dietary strategies to reduce the impact of high-concentrate diet on performance, ruminal fermentation and milk composition of dairy goats. J Anim Sci 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky404.1035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- J Lévesque
- Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault (CRSAD),Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | - S Dion
- Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault (CRSAD),Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | | | - D Rico
- Centre de recherche en sciences animales de Deschambault (CRSAD),Deschambault, QC, Canada
| | - R Gervais
- Université laval,Sainte-Foy, QC, Canada
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Lesueur P, Escande A, Thariat J, Lerouge D, Danhier S, Monnet I, Vauleon E, Cortot A, Chouaïd C, Gervais R. Clinical Outcomes of Patients with Lung Cancer Treated with Radiation Therapy Andanti-PD-1 Therapy: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis From GFPC Group. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2018.06.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Auliac JB, Bayle S, Vergnenegre A, Le Caer H, Falchero L, Gervais R, Doubre H, Vinas F, Marin B, Chouaid C. Patients with non-small-cell lung cancer harbouring a BRAF mutation: a multicentre study exploring clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes in a real-life setting: EXPLORE GFPC 02-14. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018; 25:e398-e402. [PMID: 30464690 DOI: 10.3747/co.25.3945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Mutations in BRAF are rare oncogene mutations, found in 2% of non-small-cell lung cancers (nsclcs). Little information is available about the management of patients with BRAF-mutated nsclc, except for those included in clinical trials. We undertook the present study to assess the clinical characteristics, management, and outcomes of those patients in a real-life setting. Methods This retrospective multicentre observational study included all patients with BRAF-mutated nsclc diagnosed between January 2012 and December 2014. Results Patients (n = 59) from 24 centres were included: 57.6% men; mean age: 64.5 ± 14.5 years; 82% with a performance status of 0-1 at diagnosis; smoking status: 40.3% current, 32.6% former; 93% with adenocarcinoma histology; 75% stage iv; 78% with V600E mutations; 2 with EGFR and 2 with ALK co-mutations. Of the stage iv patients, 79% received first-line therapy (14.2% anti-BRAF), and 48% received second-line treatment (23.8% anti-BRAF). Response rate and progression-free survival were, respectively, 51.7% and 8.7 months [95% confidence interval (ci): 6.4 months to 15.2 months] for first-line therapy and 35.3% and 4.1 months (95% ci: 2 months to 10.9 months) for second-line treatments. The 2-year overall survival was 58.5% (95% ci: 45.8% to 74.8%). Outcomes in patients with stage iv nsclc harbouring BRAF V600E mutations (n = 32) did not differ significantly from those of patients with other BRAF mutations. Conclusions In this real-world analysis, most nsclc patients with a BRAF mutation were men and current or former smokers. Survival appears to be better in these BRAF-mutated patients than in nsclc patients without an oncogenic driver.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Auliac
- Chest Department, Hôpital François-Quesnay, Mantes-la-Jolie, France
| | - S Bayle
- Oncology Department, Institut d'Oncology, Saint-Priest-en-Jarez, France
| | | | - H Le Caer
- Chest Department, ch Saint Brieux, Saint Brieuc, France
| | - L Falchero
- Chest Department, ch Villefranche, Villefranche, France
| | - R Gervais
- Oncology Department, Centre Francois Baclesse, Caen, France
| | - H Doubre
- Chest Department, Hôpital Foch, Suresnes, France
| | - F Vinas
- Chest Department, chi Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - B Marin
- Chest Department, chu de Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - C Chouaid
- Chest Department, chi Créteil, Créteil, France
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Lesueur P, Escande A, Thariat J, Monnet I, Vauléon E, Lerouge D, Danhier S, Do P, Cortot A, Dubos C, Chouaïd C, Gervais R. Tolérance et efficacité de la combinaison d’anti PD-1 et de radiothérapie chez les patients atteints de cancer bronchique non à petites cellules métastatiques : étude rétrospective multicentrique. Cancer Radiother 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.canrad.2018.07.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mazieres J, Montané L, Barlesi F, Coudert B, Souquet P, Otto J, Gervais R, Moro-Sibilot D, Monnet I, Brain E, Huillard O, Quéré G, Debieuvre D, Fabre E, Jaffro M, Collot S, Ferretti G, Tiffon C, Mahier - Ait Oukhatar C, Blay J. OA12.05 Vemurafenib in Patients Harboring V600 and Non V600 BRAF Mutations: Final Results of the NSCLC Cohort from the AcSé Trial. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Cherif C, Hassanat F, Claveau S, Girard J, Gervais R, Benchaar C. Faba bean (Vicia faba) inclusion in dairy cow diets: Effect on nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation, nitrogen utilization, methane production, and milk performance. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:8916-8928. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-14890] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Arpin D, Charpentier M, Bernardi M, Boni A, Watkin E, Goubin-Versini I, Lamy R, Piton N, Gérinière L, Forest F, Gervais R, Monnet I, Madroszyk A, Guisier F, Serrand C, Locher C, Decroisette C, Auliac J, Jeanfaivre T, Doubre H, Francois G, Damotte D. P1.09-02 PD-L1 Expression Pattern in Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma of the Lung: The GFPC 03-2017 "EPNEC" Study. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Bylicki O, Guisier F, Monnet I, Doubre H, Gervais R, Janicot H, Pérol M, Fournel P, Le Treut J, Lamy R, Vieillot S, Le Caer H, Auliac J, Chouaid C. P1.04-31 Efficacy and Tolerance of Immune-Checkpoint Inhibitors in EGFR, ALK/ROS 1 Non-Small-Cell-Lung-Cancer (NSCLC): GFPC 03-2016 IMAD Study. J Thorac Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtho.2018.08.746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Damotte D, Charpentier M, Bernardi M, Watkin E, Goubin Versini I, Lamy R, Piton N, Geriniere L, Forest F, Gervais R, Monnet I, Madrosyk A, Guisier F, Serrand C, Locher Genty C, Decroisette C, Auliac J, Jeanfaivre T, Doubre H, Arpin D. PD-L1 expression pattern in large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma of the lung. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy269.152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Mignard X, Antoine M, Moro-Sibilot D, Dayen C, Mennecier B, Gervais R, Amour E, Milleron B, Morin F, Zalcman G, Wislez M. [IoNESCO trial: Immune neoajuvant therapy in early stage non-small cell lung cancer]. Rev Mal Respir 2018; 35:983-988. [PMID: 30243521 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2018.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is a checkpoint receptor that facilitates immune evasion by tumor cells, through interaction with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1), a receptor expressed by T-cells. Durvalumab is an anti-PD-L1 monoclonal antibody that blocks PD-L1 interaction with PD-1 on T-cells, countering the tumor's immune-evading tactics. Phase I/II studies demonstrated durable responses and manageable tolerability in heavily pre-treated patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). METHODS This phase II study is designed to administrate three durvalumab IV infusions (10mg/kg at day 1, 15, 29) before surgery, to patients with pathologically confirmed NSCLC, clinical stage IB (>4cm) or stage II, ≥18 years of age, WHO performans status 0-1, without selection on PD-L1 expression. Preoperative chemotherapy and radiation therapy are not permitted. The primary objective is feasibility of complete surgical resection. Major pathological response on surgical tissue, defined as 10% or less remaining tumor cells, will be a secondary objective. Additional secondary objectives include tolerance, adverse effects, delay between start of treatment and surgery, response rate (RECIST 1.1), metabolic response rate, postoperative adverse events, disease-free survival and overall survival. A rate of complete resection<85% (P0) is considered unacceptable. P1 hypothesis is of 95%, and with a study power of 90% and an alpha risk of 5% (two-steps Fleming's procedure), 81 patients are required. EXPECTED RESULTS To establish whether neoadjuvant immunotherapy is feasible and could improve the survival of patients with early-stage NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- X Mignard
- Sorbonne Université, GRC n(o) 04, Theranoscan, 75252 Paris, France
| | - M Antoine
- Sorbonne Université, GRC n(o) 04, Theranoscan, 75252 Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier HUEP, Hôpital Tenon, service de cytologie et anatomie pathologique, 75970 Paris, France
| | - D Moro-Sibilot
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France; Unité d'oncologie thoracique-pneumologie, CHU de Grenoble, 38700 La Tronche, France
| | - C Dayen
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France; Service de pneumologie, maladies infectieuses et tropicales, centre hospitalier de Saint-Quentin, BP 608, 02321 Saint-Quentin cedex, France
| | - B Mennecier
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France; Service de pneumologie, CHU de Strasbourg, 67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - R Gervais
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France; Centre François-Baclesse, 14000 Caen, France
| | - E Amour
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France
| | - B Milleron
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France
| | - F Morin
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France
| | - G Zalcman
- Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France; Service d'oncologie thoracique, hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 75018, Paris, France
| | - M Wislez
- Sorbonne Université, GRC n(o) 04, Theranoscan, 75252 Paris, France; Intergroupe francophone de cancérologie thoracique (IFCT), 10, rue de la Grange-Batelière, 75009 Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe hospitalier HUEP, hôpital Tenon, ervice de pneumologie, 75970 Paris, France.
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Castagnino DS, Seck M, Longuski RA, Ying Y, Allen MS, Gervais R, Chouinard PY, Girard CL. Particle size and endosperm type of dry corn grain altered duodenal flow of B vitamins in lactating dairy cows. J Dairy Sci 2018; 101:9841-9846. [PMID: 30197133 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2018-15131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The objective of the experiment was to determine if factors such as endosperm type (floury vs. vitreous) and particle size (fine vs. medium) of dry corn grain, known to affect starch digestibility in the rumen, modify apparent ruminal synthesis and duodenal flow of B vitamins in lactating dairy cows. Eight lactating multiparous Holstein cows equipped with rumen and duodenal cannulas were assigned randomly to a treatment sequence according to a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement in duplicate 4 × 4 Latin square design experiment. Duration of each experimental period was 21 d. When expressed per unit of dry matter intake (DMI), floury treatments increased duodenal flow and apparent ruminal synthesis of niacin and folates but tended to increase apparent degradation of thiamin in the rumen. Duodenal flow of thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, folates, and vitamin B12, expressed per unit of DMI, decreased with an increase in particle size. Similarly, apparent degradation of thiamin and riboflavin was greater and apparent synthesis of niacin, folates, and vitamin B12 was reduced when cows were fed coarser dry corn grain particles. Neither endosperm type nor particle size had an effect on duodenal flow and apparent ruminal synthesis of vitamin B6. Apparent ruminal syntheses, expressed per unit of DMI, of all studied B vitamins but thiamin were negatively correlated with apparent ruminal digestibility of neutral detergent fiber. Duodenal flow of microbial N was positively correlated with apparent ruminal synthesis of riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, and folates. Under the conditions of the present experiment, except for thiamin, the effects of factors increasing starch digestibility of dry corn grain in the rumen on the amounts of B vitamins available for absorption by the dairy cow seem to be mediated through differences on ruminal digestibility of neutral detergent fiber and, to a lesser extent, on duodenal microbial N flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Castagnino
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, 2000 College, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1M 0C8; Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - M Seck
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, 2000 College, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1M 0C8; Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - R A Longuski
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1225
| | - Y Ying
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1225
| | - M S Allen
- Department of Animal Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824-1225
| | - R Gervais
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - P Y Chouinard
- Département des Sciences Animales, Université Laval, 2425 rue de l'Agriculture, Québec, QC, Canada, G1V 0A6
| | - C L Girard
- Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Sherbrooke Research and Development Centre, 2000 College, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada, J1M 0C8.
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