Protocol for a national multi-centre study of magnetic resonance imaging screening in women at genetic risk of breast cancer

The protocol of the national multicentre study of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) as a method of screening for breast cancer in women at genetic risk is described. The sensitivity and specificity of contrast-enhanced MRI will be compared with two-view X-ray mammography in a comparative trial. Approximately 500 women below the age of 50 at high genetic risk of breast cancer will be recruited per year for 3 years, with annual MRI and X-ray examination continuing for up to 5 years. A symptomatic cohort will be measured in the initial phase of the study to ensure consistent reporting between centres. The MRI examination will comprise an initial high-sensitivity screening measurement, followed by a high-specificity measurement in equivocal cases. Retrospective analysis will identify the most specific indicators of malignancy. Sensitivity and specificity, together with diagnostic performance, diagnostic impact and therapeutic impact will be assessed with reference to pathology, follow-up and changes in diagnostic certainty and therapeutic decisions. The psychological impact of screening in this high-risk group will be ascertained.

The UK national study of magnetic resonance imaging as a method of screening for breast cancer (MARIBS)

The UK national study of magnetic resonance imaging as a method of screening for breast cancer (MARIBS) is in progress. The study design, accrual to date, and related research projects are described. Revised accrual rates and expected recruitment are given. 15 cancers have been detected to date, from a total of 1236 screening measurements. This event rate and the tumour grades reported are compared with recent reports from other studies in women at high risk of breast cancer.

Rationale for a national multi-centre study of magnetic resonance imaging screening in women at genetic risk of breast cancer

In 1994, the UK National Health Service identified as a research priority that magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) should be assessed as a screening tool for young, pre-menopausal women who are at a high genetic risk of developing breast cancer. In 1997 a national multicentre study was established to compare MRI with X-ray mammography as a method for screening for breast cancer in this group of women. This paper reviews the relevant literature and describes the rationale that led to the setting up of this study.