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Vieira JS, Cunha TF, Paixão NA, Dourado PM, Carrascoza LS, Bacurau AVN, Brum PC. Exercise intolerance establishment in pulmonary hypertension: Preventive effect of aerobic exercise training. Life Sci 2020; 261:118298. [PMID: 32822717 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS 1) Characterize the progression of exercise intolerance in monocrotaline-induced pulmonary hypertension (PH) in mice and 2) evaluate the therapeutic effect of aerobic exercise training (AET) on counteracting skeletal and cardiac dysfunction in PH. MAIN METHODS Wild type C57BL6/J mice were studied in two different time points: 2 months and 4 months. Exercise tolerance was evaluated by graded treadmill exercise test. The AET was performed in the last month of treatment of 4 months' time point. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Skeletal muscle cross-sectional area was assessed by immunofluorescence. The diameter of cardiomyocytes and pulmonary edema were quantified by staining with hematoxylin-eosin. The variables were compared among the groups by two-way ANOVA or non-paired Student's t-test. Significance level was set at p < 0.05. KEY FINDINGS After 2 months of MCT treatment, mice presented pulmonary edema, right cardiac dysfunction and left ventricle hypertrophy. After 4 months of MCT treatment, mice showed pulmonary edema, right and left cardiac dysfunction and remodeling associated with exercise intolerance and skeletal muscle atrophy. AET was able to reverse cardiac left ventricle dysfunction and remodeling, prevent exercise intolerance and skeletal muscle dysfunction. Thus, our data provide evidence of skeletal muscle abnormalities on advanced PH. AET was efficient in inducing an anti-cardiac remodeling effect besides preventing exercise intolerance. SIGNIFICANCE Our study provides a robust model of PH in mice, as well as highlights the importance of AET as a preventive strategy for exercise intolerance and, skeletal and cardiac muscle abnormalities in PH.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Vieira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - T F Cunha
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - N A Paixão
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P M Dourado
- Heart Institute, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - L S Carrascoza
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A V N Bacurau
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P C Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Sarmento ASO, Antunes-Correa LM, Alves MJNN, Bacurau AVN, Fonseca KCB, Pessoa FG, Trombetta IC, Rondon MUPB, Ramires FJA, Brasileiro-Santos MS, Brum PC, Mady C, Negrao CE, Thomas S, Ianni BM. P5681Effects of exercise training on cardiovascular autonomic modulation and skeletal muscle tissue in chagasic cardiopathy patients and preserved systolic function. Eur Heart J 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehy566.p5681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A S O Sarmento
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - L M Antunes-Correa
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M J N N Alves
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - A V N Bacurau
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - K C B Fonseca
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F G Pessoa
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - I C Trombetta
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M U P B Rondon
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - F J A Ramires
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - M S Brasileiro-Santos
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - P C Brum
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C Mady
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - C E Negrao
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - S Thomas
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - B M Ianni
- University of Sao Paulo, Researcher at the Institute of the Heart, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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de Souza EO, Tricoli V, Roschel H, Brum PC, Bacurau AVN, Ferreira JCB, Aoki MS, Neves M, Aihara AY, da Rocha Correa Fernandes A, Ugrinowitsch C. Molecular adaptations to concurrent training. Int J Sports Med 2012; 34:207-13. [PMID: 23044732 DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1312627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the chronic effects of concurrent training (CT) on morphological and molecular adaptations. 37 men (age=23.7±5.5 year) were divided into 4 groups: interval (IT), strength (ST) and concurrent (CT) training and a control group (C) and underwent 8 weeks of training. Maximum strength (1RM) and muscle cross-sectional area (CSA) were evaluated before and after training. Muscle samples were obtained before the training program and 48 h after the last training session. VO2max improved in 5±0.95% and 15±1.3% (pre- to post-test) in groups CT and IT, respectively, when compared to C. Time to exhaustion (TE) improved from pre- to post-test when compared to C (CT=6.1±0.58%; IT=8.3±0.88%; ST=3.2±0.66%). 1RM increased from pre-to post-test only in ST and CT groups (ST=18.5±3.16%; CT=17.6±3.01%). Similarly, ST and CT groups increased quadriceps CSA from pre-to post-test (6.2±1.4%; 7.8±1.66%). The p70S6K1 total protein content increased after CT. The ST group showed increased Akt phosphorylation at Ser473 (45.0±3.3%) whereas AMPK phosphorylation at Thr172 increased only in IT group, (100±17.6%). In summary, our data suggest that despite the differences in molecular adaptations between training regimens, CT did not blunt muscle strength and hypertrophy increments when compared with ST.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O de Souza
- Department of Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Voltarelli VA, Bacurau AVN, Bechara LRG, Bueno CR, Bozi LHM, Mattos KC, Salemi VMC, Brum PC. Lack of β2-AR improves exercise capacity and skeletal muscle oxidative phenotype in mice. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2012; 22:e125-32. [PMID: 22913394 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.2012.01519.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
β(2)-adrenergic receptor (β(2)-AR) agonists have been used as ergogenics by athletes involved in training for strength and power in order to increase the muscle mass. Even though anabolic effects of β(2)-AR activation are highly recognized, less is known about the impact of β(2)-AR in endurance capacity. We presently used mice lacking β(2)-AR [β(2)-knockout (β(2) KO)] to investigate the role of β(2)-AR on exercise capacity and skeletal muscle metabolism and phenotype. β(2) KO mice and their wild-type controls (WT) were studied. Exercise tolerance, skeletal muscle fiber typing, capillary-to-fiber ratio, citrate synthase activity and glycogen content were evaluated. When compared with WT, β(2) KO mice displayed increased exercise capacity (61%) associated with higher percentage of oxidative fibers (21% and 129% of increase in soleus and plantaris muscles, respectively) and capillarity (31% and 20% of increase in soleus and plantaris muscles, respectively). In addition, β(2) KO mice presented increased skeletal muscle citrate synthase activity (10%) and succinate dehydrogenase staining. Likewise, glycogen content (53%) and periodic acid-Schiff staining (glycogen staining) were also increased in β(2) KO skeletal muscle. Altogether, these data provide evidence that disruption of β(2)-AR improves oxidative metabolism in skeletal muscle of β(2) KO mice and this is associated with increased exercise capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- V A Voltarelli
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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de Souza EO, Tricoli V, Paulo AC, Silva-Batista C, Cardoso RK, Brum PC, Bacurau AVN, Laurentino G, Neves M, Aihara AY, Ugrinowitsch C. Multivariate Analysis in the Maximum Strength Performance. Int J Sports Med 2012; 33:970-4. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1314813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E O de Souza
- Department of Sport, School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
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Bueno CR, Ferreira JCB, Pereira MG, Bacurau AVN, Brum PC. Aerobic exercise training improves skeletal muscle function and Ca2+ handling-related protein expression in sympathetic hyperactivity-induced heart failure. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2010; 109:702-9. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00281.2010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The cellular mechanisms of positive effects associated with aerobic exercise training on overall intrinsic skeletal muscle changes in heart failure (HF) remain unclear. We investigated potential Ca2+ abnormalities in skeletal muscles comprising different fiber compositions and investigated whether aerobic exercise training would improve muscle function in a genetic model of sympathetic hyperactivity-induced HF. A cohort of male 5-mo-old wild-type (WT) and congenic α2A/α2C adrenoceptor knockout (ARKO) mice in a C57BL/6J genetic background were randomly assigned into untrained and trained groups. Exercise training consisted of a 8-wk running session of 60 min, 5 days/wk (from 5 to 7 mo of age). After completion of the exercise training protocol, exercise tolerance was determined by graded treadmill exercise test, muscle function test by Rotarod, ambulation and resistance to inclination tests, cardiac function by echocardiography, and Ca2+ handling-related protein expression by Western blot. α2A/α2CARKO mice displayed decreased ventricular function, exercise intolerance, and muscle weakness paralleled by decreased expression of sarcoplasmic Ca2+ release-related proteins [α1-, α2-, and β1-subunits of dihydropyridine receptor (DHPR) and ryanodine receptor (RyR)] and Ca2+ reuptake-related proteins [sarco(endo)plasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA)1/2 and Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX)] in soleus and plantaris. Aerobic exercise training significantly improved exercise tolerance and muscle function and reestablished the expression of proteins involved in sarcoplasmic Ca2+ handling toward WT levels. We provide evidence that Ca2+ handling-related protein expression is decreased in this HF model and that exercise training improves skeletal muscle function associated with changes in the net balance of skeletal muscle Ca2+ handling proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- C. R. Bueno
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - J. C. B. Ferreira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - M. G. Pereira
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - A. V. N. Bacurau
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - P. C. Brum
- School of Physical Education and Sport, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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