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Vanbergue E, Assie S, Mounaix B, Guiadeur M, Robert F, Andrieu D, Cebron N, Meyer G, Philibert A, Foucras G. Comparison between a complete preconditioning programme and conventional conduct on behaviour, health and performance of young bulls from small cow-calf herds. Animal 2024; 18:101169. [PMID: 38772080 DOI: 10.1016/j.animal.2024.101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bovine respiratory diseases (BRDs) have major socioeconomic impacts in the beef sector. Antimicrobials have been traditionally used to prevent the development of BRDs upon arrival in fattening units. Currently, from a "One Health and One Welfare" perspective, alternative solutions are being investigated. Preconditioning programmes that aim at reducing stress and reinforcing immune functions have been proposed to decrease BRDs incidence. In this study, we assessed the effect of a preconditioning protocol set up in nine commercial beef herds on young bulls' behaviour, health, and performance. Preconditioned bulls (PREC) were weaned indoors 50 days before departure, and progressively fed a concentrate diet supplemented with vitamins and trace elements. They also received an anthelmintic treatment, and two doses of a trivalent vaccine against respiratory pathogens at 4-week intervals. In contrast, controls (CTRL) were kept on pasture with their dams with no vaccination or particular diets. All calves were transported together to a single sorting facility to be sorted by experimental groups, origins, and BW, forming new groups before dispatch to four fattening units. At arrival, CTRL were treated with anthelmintic drugs and received one injection of the same BRDs vaccine. No intervention was performed on PREC bulls. BRD-scores were 0.73 in PREC versus 0.07 in CTRL (P = 0.01) during the preconditioning period and 0.96 in PREC versus 0.54 in CTRL (P = 0.41) after 15 days in the fattening units. Morbidity estimates were 18% in PREC versus 1% in CTRL (P < 0.001) during the preconditioning period and 32% in PREC versus 19% (P = 0.07) in CTRL after 15 days in the fattening units. Poor housing conditions during preconditioning and a different aetiology could partly explain these results. At arrival to fattening, the average daily gain (ADG) was 1 605 g for PREC versus 1 140 g (P = 0.012) for CTRL. After fattening for 180 days, differences in BW, ADG, carcass weight and conformation were inconclusive. In Europe, preconditioning programmes including vaccination must be set up coherently with good husbandry practices and with a global adaptation of batch management of the beef sector otherwise, they may be less effective than expected.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vanbergue
- Institut de l'élevage, Monvoisin, 35910 Le Rheu, France.
| | - S Assie
- INRAE UMR BioEpAR, ONIRIS, Site Chantrerie, 44307 Nantes Cedex, France
| | - B Mounaix
- Institut de l'élevage, Monvoisin, 35910 Le Rheu, France
| | - M Guiadeur
- Institut de l'élevage, Monvoisin, 35910 Le Rheu, France
| | - F Robert
- Deltavit, CCPA, ZA du Bois de Teillay, Quartier du Haut-Bois, 35150 Janzé, France
| | - D Andrieu
- Deltavit, CCPA, ZA du Bois de Teillay, Quartier du Haut-Bois, 35150 Janzé, France
| | - N Cebron
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - G Meyer
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
| | - A Philibert
- Institut de l'élevage, Monvoisin, 35910 Le Rheu, France
| | - G Foucras
- IHAP, Université de Toulouse, INRAE, ENVT, Toulouse, France
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Hossard L, Philibert A, Bertrand M, Colnenne-David C, Debaeke P, Munier-Jolain N, Jeuffroy MH, Richard G, Makowski D. Effects of halving pesticide use on wheat production. Sci Rep 2014; 4:4405. [PMID: 24651597 PMCID: PMC3960944 DOI: 10.1038/srep04405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Accepted: 02/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides pose serious threats to both human health and the environment. In Europe, farmers are encouraged to reduce their use, and in France a recent environmental policy fixed a target of halving the pesticide use by 2018. Organic and integrated cropping systems have been proposed as possible solutions for reducing pesticide use, but the effect of reducing pesticide use on crop yield remains unclear. Here we use a set of cropping system experiments to quantify the yield losses resulting from a reduction of pesticide use for winter wheat in France. Our estimated yield losses resulting from a 50% reduction in pesticide use ranged from 5 to 13% of the yield obtained with the current pesticide use. At the scale of the whole country, these losses would decrease the French wheat production by about 2 to 3 millions of tons, which represent about 15% of the French wheat export.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Hossard
- INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - A. Philibert
- INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - M. Bertrand
- INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - C. Colnenne-David
- INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - P. Debaeke
- INRA, UMR1248 AGIR, F-31320 Castanet-Tolosan, France
- Université de Toulouse, INPT, UMR AGIR, F-31029 Toulouse, France
| | - N. Munier-Jolain
- INRA, UMR1347 Agroecologie, F-21065 Dijon, France
- AgroSup Dijon, UMR Agroecologie, F-21065 Dijon, France
| | - M. H. Jeuffroy
- INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
| | - G. Richard
- INRA, UAR1155 Département Environnement et Agronomie, F-84914 Avignon, France
| | - D. Makowski
- INRA, UMR211 Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
- AgroParisTech, UMR Agronomie, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France
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Ravit M, Philibert A, Coulibaly A, Dumont A, Tourigny C, Fournier P. Analyse des dépenses des femmes césarisées dans la région de Kayes au Mali. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.06.347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
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Bezancon F, Philibert A. Precis de Pathologie Medicale. Maladies Infectieuses. J Parasitol 1926. [DOI: 10.2307/3271713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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