Urinary bladder cancer in adults: a histopathological experience from Madinah, Saudi Arabia

OBJECTIVE

To delineate the frequency and clinicopathological features of urinary bladder cancer.

METHODS

This retrospective study was conducted at the King Fahd Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia, and comprised medical records related to bladder tumours, from January 2006 to October 2015. Data was obtained from histopathologic reports and evaluated for age, gender, cystoscopic findings and histopathological characteristics at the time of presentation.

RESULTS

Of the 116 cases, 96(82.7%) were of men while 20(17.3%) were of women. The mean age was 62.4±15.62 years (range: 20-115 years). Transitional cell carcinoma was the most common histological type, seen in 111(95.7%) cases, followed by adenocarcinoma 3(2.6%) and squamous cell carcinoma 2(1.7%). Of the transitional cell carcinoma cases, 78(70.5%) were superficial, while 33(29.5%) were muscle invasive. Most of the transitional cell carcinoma cases 72(65%) were of lower grade (grade I and II), while 39(35%) were of grade III.

CONCLUSIONS

Our hospital-based pathology experience of urinary bladder cancer was comparable with earlier studies.

Oral malignant melanoma: a rare case with unusual clinical presentation

Primary Oral malignant melanoma is a rare tumor with an indigent prognosis. This is a case report of 47-year-old Sudanese female diagnosed as Oral malignant melanoma of the mandible with an unusual pattern of growth and clinical presentation. Furthermore, a possibility of intraosseous origin is suggested.

Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma of the maxilla: a case report with a literature review

The aim of this report is to present a rare case of a Ghost cell odontogenic carcinoma (GCOC) of a 21-year-old man with review of the literature. The patient was treated surgically, and one of the surgical margins was involved, the patient received adjuvant radiotherapy for local control. Five months later, patient presented with infraorbital lesion which was proven histological to be GCOC. Radiological images, histological sections and clinical photographs are also presented. One year after the second surgery, the patient was tumor free. The only effective treatment modality was surgical removal.

Pattern of lymph node pathology in western Saudi Arabia

BACKGROUND

This study aimed to characterize the histopathological pattern of lymph node pathology among Saudi patients and to highlight the age and gender variations of these lesions as base line data.

MATERIALS AND METHODS

We retrospectively analyzed the data from lymph node biopsy specimens received at the Department of Pathology, King Fahad Hospital, Madinah, Saudi Arabia from January 2006 to December 2013.

RESULTS

Of the 289 lymph node biopsy specimens received, 154 (53.3%) were from males and 135 (46.7%) from females giving a male: female ratio of 1.14:1. Age of the patients ranged from 2.5 to 96 years with a mean age 33.9 years. The commonest lymph node group affected was the cervical (30.4%) followed by axillary (9.7%) and inguinal (8.7%). Malignant lymphoma [71 Hodgkin's disease (HD), 57 non Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL)] 128 (44.3%), reactive hyperplasia 68 (23.5%), and tuberculosis 41 (14.2%) were the common causes of lymph node enlargement. While HD, reactive hyperplasia and tuberculosis were commonest in young adult patients (10-29 years old) and rare above the age of 50 years; NHL was the predominant cause of lymph node enlargement above 50 years.

CONCLUSIONS

Lymph node biopsy plays an important role in establishing the cause of lymphadenopathy. Among the biopsied nodes, lymphomas were the most common (44.3%) followed by non-specific reactive hyperplasia (23.5%) and tuberculous lymphadenitis (14.2%).