Taiwo O, Taofeek O, Samson O, Olanike O, Taiwo A. PREVALENCE OF ANTIPHOSPHOLIPID SYNDROME AMONG PREGNANT WOMEN IN LAUTECH TEACHING HOSPITAL OGBOMOSO NIGERIA.
West Afr J Med 2023;
40:S34-S35. [PMID:
38070133]
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Abstract
Background
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disease characterized by clinical thrombotic events which may be arterial or venous vasculature associated with the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) in patient plasma. Majority of the studies done in this part of the world utilized single auto-antibody to phospholipids or phospholipid binding protein which resulted in an underestimation of the actual prevalence of this treatable disease entity. Hence, this study incorporates the use of triple auto-antibodies to determine the prevalence of APS among pregnant women in LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso.
Aim
To determine the prevalence of antiphospholipid syndrome using triple autoantibodies among pregnant women attending LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomoso.
Methodology
The study was a longitudinal descriptive design that involved eighty pregnant women with pregnancy complications and apparently eighty healthy pregnant women as control. Participants were tested for APS (antibeta-2-glycoprotein one (Antiβ2GP1), anticardiolipin antibody (ACA), and lupus anticoagulant (LAC)) at first contact and persistent positivity after twelve-week intervals using the ELISA method.
Results
The prevalence of persistent positivity to anti-phospholipids antibodies in this study are 28.8% and 2.5% among the study and control groups respectively. Persistent positivity to ACA was evident in 26.3%, β2-GP1 in 21.1% and LAC in 16.3% of participants in the study group and ACA (2.5%), β2-GP1 (1.3%) and LAC (2.5%) in the control group respectively. Persistent positivity to anti-phospholipids syndrome was associated with hypertension and recurrent miscarriage (≥3).
Conclusion
Findings in this study revealed that the prevalence of APS among pregnant women with pregnancy complications using triple auto-antibodies was 28.8%, while the prevalence among healthy pregnant women was 2.5%. This indicates an underestimation of the actual prevalence of APS among pregnant women using single or double autoantibody. Hence, triple auto-antibodies screening is advised as a routine screening during pregnancy especially among those with a previous history of pregnancy complications.
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