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Kleinert E, Langenmayer MC, Reichart B, Kindermann J, Griemert B, Blutke A, Troidl K, Mayr T, Grantzow T, Noyan F, Abicht JM, Fischer S, Preissner KT, Wanke R, Deindl E, Guethoff S. Ribonuclease (RNase) Prolongs Survival of Grafts in Experimental Heart Transplantation. J Am Heart Assoc 2016; 5:e003429. [PMID: 27121849 PMCID: PMC4889206 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.116.003429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2016] [Accepted: 03/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cell damage, tissue and vascular injury are associated with the exposure and release of intracellular components such as RNA, which promote inflammatory reactions and thrombosis. Based on the counteracting anti-inflammatory and cardioprotective functions of ribonuclease A (RNase A) in this context, its role in an experimental model of heart transplantation in rats was studied. METHODS AND RESULTS Inbred BN/OrlRj rat cardiac allografts were heterotopically transplanted into inbred LEW/OrlRj rats. Recipients were intravenously treated every other day with saline or bovine pancreatic RNase A (50 μg/kg). Toxic side effects were not found (macroscopically and histologically). Heart tissue flow cytometry and quantitative morphological analyses of explanted hearts at postoperative day 1 or postoperative day 4 showed reduced leukocyte infiltration, edema, and thrombus formation in RNase A-treated rats. In allogeneic mixed lymphocyte reactions, RNase A decreased the proliferation of effector T cells. RNase A treatment of rats resulted in prolonged median graft survival up to 10.5 days (interquartile range 1.8) compared to 6.5 days (interquartile range 1.0) in saline treatment (P=0.001). Treatment of rats with a new generated (recombinant) human pancreatic RNase 1 prolonged median graft survival similarly, unlike treatment with (recombinant) inactive human RNase 1 (each 50 μg/kg IV every other day, 11.0 days, interquartile range 0.3, versus 8.0 days, interquartile range 0.5, P=0.007). CONCLUSIONS Upon heart transplantation, RNase administration appears to present a promising and safe drug to counteract ischemia/reperfusion injury and graft rejection. Furthermore, RNase treatment may be considered in situations of critical reperfusion after percutaneous coronary interventions or in cardiac surgery using the heart-lung machine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Kleinert
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Martin C Langenmayer
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany Institute for Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Bruno Reichart
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Jana Kindermann
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Barbara Griemert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Andreas Blutke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Kerstin Troidl
- Max-Planck-Institute for Heart and Lung Research, Bad Nauheim, Germany Department of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Tanja Mayr
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Tobias Grantzow
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Fatih Noyan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Jan-Michael Abicht
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany Department of Anaesthesiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Silvia Fischer
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Klaus T Preissner
- Institute of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-Universität, Giessen, Germany
| | - Ruediger Wanke
- Institute of Veterinary Pathology at the Centre for Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Deindl
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
| | - Sonja Guethoff
- Walter Brendel Centre of Experimental Medicine, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany Department of Cardiac Surgery, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Germany
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Fischer S, Gesierich S, Griemert B, Schänzer A, Acker T, Augustin HG, Olsson AK, Preissner KT. Extracellular RNA liberates tumor necrosis factor-α to promote tumor cell trafficking and progression. Cancer Res 2013; 73:5080-9. [PMID: 23774209 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-12-4657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Extracellular RNA (eRNA) released from injured cells promotes tissue permeability, thrombosis, and inflammation in vitro and in vivo, and RNase1 pretreatment can reduce all these effects. In this study, we investigated the role of the eRNA/RNase1 system in tumor progression and metastasis. Under quiescent and stimulatory conditions, tumor cells released much higher levels of endogenous extracellular RNA (eRNA) than nontumor cells. In glioblastomas, eRNA was detected at higher levels in tumors than nontumor tissue. eRNA induced tumor cells to adhere to and migrate through human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC/D3), in a manner requiring activation of VEGF signaling. In addition, eRNA liberated TNF-α from macrophages in a manner requiring activation of the TNF-α-converting enzyme TACE. Accordingly, supernatants derived from eRNA-treated macrophages enhanced tumor cell adhesion to HCMEC/D3. TNF-α release evoked by eRNA relied upon signaling activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and the NF-κB pathway. In subcutaneous xenograft models of human cancer, administration of RNase1 but not DNase decreased tumor volume and weight. Taken together, these results suggest that eRNA released from tumor cells has the capacity to promote tumor cell invasion through endothelial barriers by both direct and indirect mechanisms, including through a mechanism involving TNF-α release from tumor-infiltrating monocytes/macrophages. Our findings establish a crucial role for eRNA in driving tumor progression, and they suggest applications for extracellular RNase1 as an antiinvasive regimen for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fischer
- Department of Biochemistry, Medical School, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
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Hornbruch-Freitag C, Griemert B, Buttgereit D, Renkawitz-Pohl R. Drosophila Swiprosin-1/EFHD2 accumulates at the prefusion complex stage during Drosophila myoblast fusion. Development 2011. [DOI: 10.1242/dev.074682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Hornbruch-Freitag C, Griemert B, Buttgereit D, Renkawitz-Pohl R. Drosophila Swiprosin-1/EFHD2 accumulates at the prefusion complex stage during Drosophila myoblast fusion. J Cell Sci 2011; 124:3266-78. [PMID: 21896648 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.083907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
In the Drosophila embryo, transient cell adhesion during myoblast fusion is known to lead to the formation of fusion-restricted myogenic-adhesive structures (FuRMASs). Here, we report that within these FuRMASs, a Drosophila homologue of human and mouse swiprosins (EF-hand-domain-containing proteins) is expressed, which we named Drosophila Swiprosin-1 (Drosophila Swip-1). Drosophila Swip-1 is highly conserved and is closely related to the calcium-binding proteins swiprosin-1 and swiprosin-2 that have a role in the immune system in humans and mice. Our study shows that Drosophila Swip-1 is also expressed in corresponding cells of the Drosophila immune system. During myoblast fusion, Drosophila Swip-1 accumulates transiently in the foci of fusion-competent myoblasts (FCMs). Both the EF-hand and the coiled-coil domain of Drosophila Swip-1 are required to localise the protein to these foci. The formation of Drosophila Swip-1 foci requires successful cell adhesion between FCMs and founder cells (FCs) or growing myotubes. Moreover, Drosophila Swip-1 foci were found to increase in number in sing(22) mutants, which arrest myoblast fusion after prefusion complex formation. By contrast, Drosophila Swip-1 foci are not significantly enriched in blow(2) and kette(J4-48) mutants, which stop myogenesis beyond the prefusion complex stage but before plasma membrane merging. Therefore, we hypothesise that Drosophila Swip-1 participates in the breakdown of the prefusion complex during the progression of myoblast fusion.
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