Structural, magnetic, electric and electrochemical studies on zinc doped magnesium ferrite nano particles - Sol-gel method

The sol-gel process was used to prepare zinc doped magnesium ferrite (Mg1-xZnxFe2O4) nanopowders obtained from the nitrates of magnesium, zinc and ferrous is precursor materials, maintain the pH value which were then studied for sensing purposes. The crystallite size and phase of the ferrite samples studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD) revealed a pure spinel phase (Mg1-xZnxFe2O4) with a cubic spinel structure and higher crystallite size and etc. The functional groups with possible stretching analysis were taken from Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The surface features and morphology and the purity of the samples were analysed through a Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDAX) spectrum respectively. Through the vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), the magnetic behaviour was studied from relevant parameters such as saturation magnetization (Ms), coercivity (Hc) and retentivity (Mr). The larger Ms in 0.8 has ferromagnetic nature were observed. The dielectric constants (ε'& ε''), dielectric loss (tan δ) with AC conductivity (σAC) determined through the LCR metre, and electrochemical behaviour of the samples were found through cyclic voltametery. The possible polarizations at lower and higher frequencies are studied The obtained data are extensively examined and understood.

Experimental and theoretical investigation of novel organic L-Glutaminium Benzenesulfonate single crystal - DFT and experimental approach

An organic nonlinear optical crystal of l-Glutaminium Benzenesulfonate (LGBS) crystal was grown by slow evaporation method. Crystallization parameters and structural analysis of LGBS crystal were notified by Single crystal XRD technique and the theoretical structural parameters were also identified and compared using DFT. The grown LGBS crystal crystallizes in monoclinic crystal system with the non-centrosymmetric space group P2₁. The presence of chemical bonding and functional groups were examined using FTIR and FT Raman spectra and their theoretical assignments were calculated. The lower cutoff wavelength was determined for grown LGBS crystal by UV-visible spectroscopy and it confirms that grown LGBS crystal has wide transmittance in the visible region. The emission region for the grown LGBS crystal was analysed by fluorescence spectrum. The global reactive descriptors and the intermolecular charge transfer interactions were also interpreted. The liberation of organic molecule and melting temperature of LGBS crystal were elucidated by thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) and DSC. The Kurtz and Perry powder technique confirms the formed LGBS crystal exhibits the second harmonic generation (SHG) and its outputs were compared with standard KDP.

Decorating MnO2 nanosheets on MOF-derived Co3O4 as a battery-type electrode for hybrid supercapacitors

Metal–organic framework-derived materials are now considered potential next-generation electrode materials for supercapacitors. In this present investigation, Co₃O₄@MnO₂ nanosheets are synthesized using ZIF-67, which is used as a sacrificial template through a facile hydrothermal method. The unique vertically grown nanosheets provide an effective pathway for rapidly transporting electrons and ions. As a result, the ZIF-67 derived Co₃O₄@MnO₂-3 electrode material shows a high specific capacitance of 768 C g⁻¹ at 1 A g⁻¹ current density with outstanding cycling stability (86% retention after 5000 cycles) and the porous structure of the material has a good BET surface area of 160.8 m² g⁻¹. As a hybrid supercapacitor, Co₃O₄@MnO₂-3//activated carbon exhibits a high specific capacitance (82.9 C g⁻¹) and long cycle life (85.5% retention after 5000 cycles). Moreover, a high energy density of 60.17 W h kg⁻¹ and power density of 2674.37 W kg⁻¹ has been achieved. This attractive performance reveals that Co₃O₄@MnO₂ nanosheets could find potential applications as an electrode material for high-performance hybrid supercapacitors.

Metal–organic framework-derived materials are now considered potential next-generation electrode materials for supercapacitors.

Bis(benzo-15-crown-5-κ5 O)barium tetrakis(isothiocyanato-κN)cobaltate(II)

The title compound, [Ba(C14H20O5)2][Co(NCS)4], is formed by discrete anions and cations. The molecular packing is controlled by weak C—H...π interactions.

Understanding the dynamics of COVID-19; implications for therapeutic intervention, vaccine development and movement control

The COVID-19 disease is caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, which is highly infective within the human population. The virus is widely disseminated to almost every continent with over twenty-seven million infections and over ninety-thousand reported deaths attributed to COVID-19 disease. SARS-CoV-2 is a single stranded RNA virus, comprising three main viral proteins; membrane, spike and envelope. The clinical features of COVID-19 disease can be classified according to different degrees of severity, with some patients progressing to acute respiratory distress syndrome, which can be fatal. In addition, many infections are asymptomatic or only cause mild symptoms. As there is no specific treatment for COVID-19 there is considerable endeavour to raise a vaccine against SARS-CoV-2, in addition to engineering neutralizing antibody interventions. In the absence of an effective vaccine, movement controls of varying stringencies have been imposed. Whilst enforced lockdown measures have been effective, they may be less effective against the current strain of SARS-CoV-2, the G614 clade. Conversely, other mutations of the virus, such as the Δ382 variant could reduce the clinical relevance of infection. The front runners in the race to develop an effective vaccine focus on the SARS-Co-V-2 Spike protein. However, vaccines that produce a T-cell response to a wider range of SARS-Co-V-2 viral proteins, may be more effective. Population based studies that determine the level of innate immunity to SARS-CoV-2, from prior exposure to the virus or to other coronaviruses, will have important implications for government imposed movement control and the strategic delivery of vaccination programmes.

A review on edible vaccines and their prospects

For a long time, vaccines have been the main mode of defense and protection against several bacterial, viral, and parasitic diseases. However, the process of production and purification makes them expensive and unaffordable to many developing nations. An edible vaccine is when the antigen is expressed in the edible part of the plant. This reduces the cost of production of the vaccine because of ease of culturing. In this article, various types of edible vaccines that include algal and probiotics in addition to plants are discussed. Various diseases against which research has been carried out are also reviewed. This article focused on the conception of edible vaccines highlighting the various ways by which vaccines can be delivered.

Diethyl 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-2,6-diphenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate

In the title compound, C29H26ClNO4, the dihydropyridine ring adopts a shallow boat conformation. The mean plane of the dihydropyridine ring (all atoms) subtends dihedral angles of 66.54 (1), 73.71 (1) and 79.47 (1)° with the two phenyl rings and the chlorophenyl ring, respectively. In the crystal, N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the molecules into [001] chains.

Bis(15-crown-5-κ5 O)barium tetrakis(isothiocynato-κN)zinc(II)

In the title compound, [Ba(C10H20O5)2][Zn(NCS)4], the 15-crown-5 molecules are disordered over two positions with site occupancies of 0.706 (4) and 0.294 (4). The Ba2+ ions are sandwiched between the 15-crown-5 rings and Zn2+ ions are surrounded by four N atoms from the thiocyanate ligands in a distorted tetrahedral geometry. The crystal studied was refined as an inversion twin.

L-Histidinium iodide

In the title salt, C6H10N3O2 +·I−, the cation is protonated at the imidazole ring and the amine group and deprotonated at the carboxylate group. The crystal packing features N—H...O and N—H...I hydrogen bonds.

Piperazine-1,4-diium bis(4-nitrobenzoate) dihydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title molecular salt, C4H12N22+·2C7H4NO4−·2H2O, is composed of half a protonated piperazine dication, located about an inversion center, a benzoate anion and a water molecule of crystallization. In the crystal, the various units are linked by N—H...O, O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a supramolecular three-dimensional framework.

Creatininium phosphite

The title salt, C4H8N3O+·H2PO3 −, contains a creatininium cation (2-amino-1-methyl-4-oxo-4,5-dihydro-1H-imidazol-3-ium) and a phosphite anion. The crystal packing shows layers of hydrogen-bonded ions lying parallel to the (-114) and (11-4) planes.

L-Glutaminium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

The asymmetric unit of the title salt, C5H10NO4+·C7H7O3S−, contains two glutaminium cations and two 4-methylbenzenesulfonate anions. The crystal packing features weak intermolecular C—H...O, O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds.

Creatinium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate

In the title molecular salt, C4H10N3O2 +·C7H7O3S− (systematic name: {amino[(carboxymethyl)(methyl)amino]methylidene}azanium 4-methylbenzenesulfonate), the OH group of the carboxylic acid and central N atom of the cation are close to being eclipsed [N—C—C—O = 11.6 (3)°]. In the crystal, C—H...·O, O—H...O and N—H...O hydrogen bonds link the components into (001) sheets.

(E)-4-Methoxy-N′-(2,3,4-trimethoxybenzylidene)benzohydrazide monohydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C18H20N2O5·H2O, consists of a benzohydrazide molecule which exists in anEconformation with respect to the C=N imine bond and a water molecule. The dihedral angle between the aromatic rings is 41.67 (9)°. The methoxy substituent of the 4-methoxyphenyl group is twisted at an angle of 6.8 (3)° out of the plane of the attached benzene ring. In the 2,4,5-trimethoxyphenyl unit, thepara-methoxy group is coplanar with the ring [C—C—O—C = −1.5 (3)°], whereas theortho- andmeta-methoxy groups are twisted out of the plane of the ring [C—C—O—C = 75.4 (2) and −67.1 (2)°, respectively]. Two molecules are connected by two water moleculesviaO—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating anR22(8) ring motif. One of the water H atoms forms an additional hydrogen bond to an N atom. The water molecules act as an acceptor for an N—H...O hydrogen bond. As a result, a three-dimensional network is formed.

1H-Benzo[d]imidazol-3-ium (Z)-3-carboxyprop-2-enoate

In the anion of the title molecular salt, C7H7N2+.C4H3O4−, an O—H...O hydrogen bond generates anS(7) graph-set motif while a pair of intermolecular N—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds generate anR44(10) ring-motif. Adjacent anions and cations are further connected through N—H...O hydrogen bonds into infinite chains along [101] and these chains are linked by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming a three-dimensional network.

Bis(creatininium) 3-nitrophthalate monohydrate

In the title hydrated molecular salt, 2C4H8N3O+·C8H3NO62−·H2O, the dihedral angles between the benzene ring and the nitro group and the carboxylate groups are 48.0 (2), 55.3 (2) and 60.7 (2)°, respectively. In the crystal, the components are linked by N—H...O, O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, generating a two-dimensional network parallel to (102).

2-Methylpyridinium 2-carboxybenzoate–benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid (2/1)

The asymmetric unit of the title compound, C6H8N+·C8H5O4−·0.5C8H6O4, contains a 2-methylpyridinium cation, a 2-carboxybenzoate monoanion and half of the co-crystallized benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid molecule, which lies on a mirror plane. The N atom of the pyridine ring is protonated, while the anion of this salt is generated by deprotonation of the OH group of one of the carboxylic acid substituents of the benzene-1,2-dicarboxylic acid molecule. The pyridine ring of the cation is inclined to the benzene ring of the anion at an angle of 2.27 (11)°. The benzene ring of the anion makes dihedral angles of 2.8 (2) and 6.0 (2)° with the carboxylate and carboxyl substituents, respectively. An intramolecular O—H...O hydrogen bond in the anion closes anS(7) ring. In the crystal, weak N—H...O, O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds lead to the formation of a three-dimensional network. Weak offset π–π contacts [centroid-to-centroid distance = 3.852 (1) Å] are also observed.

(E)-4-Methoxy-N′-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzylidene)benzohydrazide monohydrate

The title Schiff base compound, C15H11F3N2O2·H2O, crystallized as a monohydrate. The conformation about the C=N bond isE. The molecule is almost planar, with the dihedral angle between the planes of the methoxybenzene and trifluorobenzylidene rings being 7.46 (6)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked by bifurcated Owater—H...(O,N) hydrogen bonds and N—H...Owaterand Owater—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [100]. The chains are linked by C—H...Owaterhydrogen bonds, forming slabs parallel to thebcplane. Within the slabs there are offset π–π interactions present [intercentroid distance = 3.7883 (7) Å].

(E)-4-Methoxy-N′-(4-methylbenzylidene)benzohydrazide

In the title compound, C16H16N2O2, the dihedral angle between the methoxyphenyl ring and the methylbenzylidene ring is 60.43 (5)°. In the crystal, molecules are linkedviaN—H...O hydrogen bonds, reinforced by C—H...O hydrogen bonds, forming chains propagating along thec-axis direction. Inversion-related chains are linkedviaC—H...π interactions, forming ribbons propagating along thec-axis direction.

(E)-4-Chloro-N′-(2,4,5-trifluorobenzylidene)benzohydrazide

The title compound, C14H8ClF3N2O, is approximately planar, with a dihedral angle of 4.73 (6)° between the planes of the chlorophenyl and trifluorobenzylidene rings. In the crystal, molecules are stacked in a column along thebaxis through π–π interactions [centroid–centroid distances = 3.7097 (12) and 3.7191 (12) Å].

Diethyl 4-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-methyl-6-phenyl-1,4-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate

In the title compound, C24H24ClNO4, the dihydropyridine ring adopts a flattened boat conformation. The plane of the pyridine ring subtends dihedral angles of 74.54 (6) and 85.69 (5)° with those of the phenyl and chlorophenyl rings, respectively. The dihedral angle between the planes of the chlorophenyl and phenyl rings is 72.20 (7)°. In the crystal, molecules are linked into [100]C(6) chains by N—H...O hydrogen bonds. The chains are cross-linked by weak C—H...O interactions to generate a three-dimensional network.

Crystal structure of N-[(morpholin-4-yl)(thio-phen-2-yl)meth-yl]benzamide

In the title compound, C₁₆H₁₈N₂O₂S, the morpholine ring adopts a chair conformation. The thio­phene ring makes a dihedral angle of 63.54 (14)° with the mean plane of the four C atoms [maximum deviation = 0.010 (3) Å] of the morpholine ring. The benzamide ring is disordered, with four C atoms occupying two sets of sites, with a refined occupancy ratio of 0.502 (4):0.498 (4). These two rings are inclined to one another by 85.2 (4)° and to the thio­phene ring by 72.7 (3) and 13.0 (3)° for the major and minor components, respectively. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked via N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming chains along [001].

Crystal structure of ethyl (2S)-9-meth-oxy-2-methyl-4-oxo-3,4,5,6-tetra-hydro-2H- 2,6-methano-benzo[g][1,3,5]oxa-diazocine-11-carboxyl-ate

In the title compound, C15H18N2O5, the meth-oxy-phenyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 84.70 (12)° with the mean plane of the tetra-hydro-pyrimidin-2(1H)-one ring. Both the pyran and tetra-hydro-pyrimidin-2(1H)-one rings have distorted envelope conformations with the carboxyl-ate-substituted C atom as the flap. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming zigzag chains propagating along [010], which enclose R (2) 2(8) ring motifs. The chains are linked by C-H⋯π inter-actions, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to (100).

Crystal structure of 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-1-phenyl-3-(pyridin-2-yl)propan-1-one

In the title compound C₁₈H₂₀N₂O₂, the morpholine ring adopts a chair conformation with the exocyclic N—C bond in an equatorial orientation. The N atom of the morpholine ring and the C atom of the carbonyl group are in an anti conformation about the central C—C bond [torsion angle = −162.92 (11)°] and the dihedral angle between the planes of the benzene ring and the pyridine ring is 83.30 (5)°. In the crystal, pairs of very weak C—H⋯π inter­actions link the mol­ecules into inversion dimers.

Asking about human papillomavirus vaccination and the usefulness of registry validation: a study of young women recruited using Facebook

BACKGROUND

Australia was the first country to implement a government-funded National Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccination Programme. We assessed HPV vaccine uptake comparing self-reported and Register validated estimates, and the knowledge and attitudes of young women with regards to HPV vaccination post-implementation of the programme.

METHODS

Females, aged 16-25 years living in Victoria, Australia, were recruited using targeted advertising on Facebook from May to September 2010, to complete a web-based questionnaire.

RESULTS

Geographic distribution, Indigenous and socio-economic status of the 278 participants were representative of the target population. Overall, 210/278 (76%) had heard of HPV vaccines, with 162/278 (58%) reporting receipt of at least one dose of vaccine, and 54 (19%) unsure. Verification of HPV vaccination status of 142 consenting participants (51%) showed 71% had received at least one dose. Main reasons for vaccination were for protection against HPV infection and cervical cancer (96%) and because it was free (87%), whereas unvaccinated women were uncertain of their eligibility (50%), concerned about adverse reactions (32%), or perceived that vaccination was not needed if they were monogamous (32%).

CONCLUSION

The potential utility of a vaccination register in the context of a national programme is apparent from the large proportion of young women who were unsure of their vaccine status. HPV vaccine knowledge among participants was relatively high suggesting the national programme has successfully communicated to the majority of eligible women, the purpose and limitations of the vaccine. Vigilance is needed to ensure that young women follow through with Pap testing in vaccine eligible cohorts. The ongoing vaccination programme for pre-adolescent girls and boys should communicate to parents that those with one sexual partner can still acquire HPV and that the safety of the vaccine is now well demonstrated.

Crystal structure of ethyl 6-(chloro-meth-yl)-4-(4-chloro-phen-yl)-2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetra-hydro-pyrimidine-5-carboxyl-ate

In the title compound, C14H14Cl2N2O3, the chloro-phenyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 87.08 (9)° with the tetra-hydro-pyrimidine ring. There is a short intra-molecular C-H⋯O contact present. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked via pairs of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming inversion dimers with an R (2) 2(8) ring motif. The dimers are linked via a second pair of N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, this time enclosing an R (4) 4(20) ring motif, forming ribbons along [100]. The ribbons are linked via C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds, forming sheets lying parallel to (001). The terminal ethyl group is disordered over two positions with an occupancy ratio of 0.654 (17):0.346 (17).

2-Bromo-1-(1-phenyl-sulfonyl-1H-indol-3-yl)propan-1-one

In the title compound, C₁₇H₁₄BrNO₃S, the phenyl ring makes a dihedral angle of 89.78 (16)° with the plane of the indole ring system. The terminal Br atom and the methyl group are disordered over two sets of sites, with site occupancies of 0.860 (2) and 0.140 (2). In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into a chain along the b-axis direction by weak C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The chains are further linked by C—H⋯π inter­actions, forming layers parallel to the bc plane.

(E)-1-[2-(2-Nitro-styr-yl)-1-phenyl-sulfonyl-1H-indol-3-yl]propan-1-one

In the title compound, C₂₅H₂₀N₂O₅S, the phenyl ring makes dihedral angles of 89.88 (8) and 13.98 (8)°, respectively, with the indole ring system and the nitro­benzene ring. The dihedral angle between the indole ring system and the nitro­benzene ring is 88.48 (11)°. The mol­ecular structure is stabilized by a weak intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­action. In the crystal, π–π inter­actions, with centroid–centroid distances of 3.6741 (18) and 3.8873 (17) Å, link the mol­ecules into layers parallel to the ab plane.

9-[4-(Azido-meth-yl)phen-yl]-9H-carbazole-3-carbo-nitrile

In the title compound C₂₀H₁₃N₅, the dihedral angle between the carbazole ring system (r.m.s. deviation = 0.027 Å) and the pendant benzene ring is 55.08 (6)°. One of the azide N atoms is disordered over two positions in a 0.65 (2):0.35 (2) ratio. In the crystal, aromatic π–π stacking is observed [minimum centroid–centroid separation = 3.6499 (13) Å] as well as inversion-dimers connected by pairs of weak C—H⋯π inter­actions.

1-[6-(1H-Indol-1-yl)pyridin-2-yl]-1H-indole-3-carbaldehyde

In the title compound, C₂₂H₁₅N₃O, the dihedral angle between the two indole units is 33.72 (3)°. The mol­ecular structure features a weak intra­molecular C—H⋯N inter­action. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O and C—H⋯π inter­actions, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to the bc plane.

(E)-2-Bromo-1-[2-(2-nitro-styr-yl)-1-phenyl-sulfonyl-1H-indol-3-yl]ethanone

In the title compound C₂₄H₁₇BrN₂O₅S, the phenyl ring makes dihedral angles of 85.4 (2) and 8.8 (2)° with the indole ring system and the nitro­benzene ring, respectively, while the indole ring system and nitrobenzene ring make a dihedral angle of 80.1 (2)°. In the crystal, weak C—H⋯O inter­actions link the mol­ecules, forming a two-dimensional network parallel to the bc plane.

Extremely low frequency magnetic fields induce oxidative stress in rat brain

The present investigation was conducted to understand the influence of long-term exposure of rats to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF), focusing on oxidative stress (OS) on different regions of rat's brain. Male Wistar rats (21-day-old) were exposed to ELF-MF (50 Hz; 50 and 100 µT) for 90 days continuously; hippocampal, cerebellar and cortical regions from rats were analyzed for (i) reactive oxygen species (ROS), (ii) metabolites indicative of OS and (iii) antioxidant enzymes. In comparison to control group rats, the rats that were continuously exposed to ELF-MF caused OS and altered glutathione (GSH/GSSG) levels in dose-dependent manner in all the regions of the brain. Accumulation of ROS, lipid peroxidation end products and activity of superoxide dismutase in different regions was in the descending order of cerebellum < hippocampus < cortex. Decrement in GSH/GSSG levels and increment in glutathione peroxidase activity were in the descending order of hippocampus < cerebellum < cortex. The continuous exposure to ELF-MF caused OS in all the examined regions of brain more significantly at 100 µT than at 50 µT. Varied influences observed in different regions of the brain, as documented in this study, may contribute to altered metabolic patterns in its related regions of the central nervous system, leading to aberrant neuronal functions.

Methyl 11,14,16-triphenyl-8,12-dioxa-14,15-di-aza-tetra-cyclo-[8.7.0.0(2,7).0(13,17)]hepta-deca-2(7),3,5,13(17),15-penta-ene-10-carboxyl-ate

In the title compound, C₃₃H₂₆N₂O₄, the pyrazole ring makes dihedral angles of 15.13 (7) and 60.80 (7)° with the adjacent phenyl rings. Both di­hydro­pyran rings exhibit half-chair conformations. A weak intra­molecular C—H⋯O inter­action occurs. In the crystal, mol­ecules are linked into inversion dimers through pairs of C—H⋯N inter­actions. Weak C—H⋯π inter­actions are also observed.

8-Bromo-3-(4-ethyl-phen-yl)-1-phenyl-3,3a,4,9b-tetra-hydro-1H-chromeno[4,3-c]isoxazole-3a-carbo-nitrile

In the title compound, C25H21BrN2O2, the fused isoxazolidine ring adopts an envelope conformation with the N atom at the flap and the mean plane of the ring makes dihedral angles of 54.37 (12) and 87.32 (13)°, respectively, with the adjacent phenyl and benzene rings. The tetra-hydro-pyran ring has a half-chair conformation. In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked into a double-column structure along the b-axis direction through weak C-H⋯O and C-H⋯π inter-actions.

(E)-2-Bromo-methyl-3-(o-tol-yl)acrylo-nitrile

The title compound C11H10BrN, has an E conformation at the C=C bond of the acrylo-nitrile unit. The vinyl group makes a dihedral angle of 44.53 (12)° with the benzene ring. In the crystal, weak C-H⋯π inter-actions involving the benzene ring are observed.

(E)-2-[(2-Formyl-phen-oxy)meth-yl]-3-(4-iso-propyl-phen-yl)acrylo-nitrile

In the title compound, C20H19NO2, the dihedral angle between the benzene rings is 77.12 (8)°. The terminal isopropyl group is disordered over two orientations, with site occupancies of 0.720 (14) and 0.280 (14). In the crystal, mol-ecules are linked through a weak C-H⋯O inter-action, forming a zigzag chain along the c-axis direction.

(Naphthalen-1-yl){2-[(5,6,7,8-tetrahydronaphthalen-2-yl)carbonyl]phenyl}methanone

The title compound C28H22O2, basically consists of three ring systems, viz. a central benzene ring, with a lateral napthalene group to which it subtends a dihedral angle of 66.56 (4)° and a tetra-hydro-pyran ring exhibiting a half-chair conformation. The mol-ecular structure is stabilized by a weak intra-molecular C-H⋯O inter-action, while the crystal packing features weak C-H⋯π contacts.

Bis(2,3-dimeth-oxy-10-oxostrychni-din-ium) phthalate nonahydrate

The asymmetric unit of the title compound 2C₂₃H₂₇N₂O₄⁺·C₈H₄O₄²⁻·9H₂O, contains a cation, an anionon a twofold axis and four and half mol­ecules of water, one of which is located on the twofold axis. In the cation, both fused pyrrolidine rings exhibit twisted conformations, while the piperidine rings adopt screw–boat and boat conformations. In the crystal, the components are linked by N—H⋯O and O—H⋯O hydrogen bonds. The brucinium cations form typical undulating head-to-tail ribbon structuresalong the a-axis direction, which associate with the carb­oxy phthalate and the water mol­ecules.