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Abstract
The purpose of this study was to explore the perceptions of loneliness among gay and bisexual men in Portugal over 60 years old. Despite the growth of the older population in Portugal, the social isolation and loneliness experiences in older gay and bisexual men is only beginning to be understood. A structured electronic inquiry with 35 gay and bisexual men over 60 years of age from Portugal (mean age was 66.45 years (SD = 4.45) was used, ranging from 60 to 77 years). Data were analyzed using thematic analysis, comparing self-perceived loneliness levels by sexual orientation and by levels of loneliness. The recurrent themes in the narratives of loneliness perception of the participants in the study were as follows: Mental Health, Support System, Dating and Relationships, Discrimination, Coping, Personal Characteristics, and Coming-out issues. Differences between sexual orientation and levels of loneliness were also found.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henrique Pereira
- Department of Psychology and Education, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- The Research Center in Sports Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development (CIDESD), Vila Real, Portugal
- Health Sciences Research Centre (CICS-UBI), Covilhã, Portugal
| | | | - Graça Esgalhado
- Department of Psychology and Education, University of Beira Interior, Covilhã, Portugal
- Institute of Cognitive Psychology, Human and Social Development (IPCDHS) (UC, Portugal), Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Juan Pedro Serrano
- Department of Psychology, School of Medicine, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Albacete, Spain
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2
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Howard M, Elston D, Vries BD, Kaassalainen S, Gutman G, Swinton M, Carter RZ, Sussman T, Barwich D, Urquhart R, Jayaraman D, Munene P, You JJ. Implementing Advance Care Planning Tools in Practice: A Modified World Café to Elicit Barriers and Recommendations from Potential Adopters. Healthc Q 2021; 24:60-68. [PMID: 33864443 DOI: 10.12927/hcq.2021.26463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports findings from a modified World Café conducted at a palliative care professional conference in 2019, where input on tools to support advance care planning (ACP) was solicited from healthcare practitioners, managers and family members of patients. Barriers to ACP tool use included insufficient structures and resources in healthcare, death-avoidance culture and inadequate patient and family member engagement. Recommendations for tool use included clarification of roles and processes, training, mandates and monitoring, leadership support, greater reflection of diversity in tools and methods for public engagement. This paper illuminates factors to consider when implementing ACP tools in healthcare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michelle Howard
- An associate professor at the Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University in Hamilton, ON, with a research focus in health services. She can be reached by e-mail at
| | - Dawn Elston
- A research coordinator in the Department of Family Medicine, McMaster University in Hamilton, ON
| | - Brian De Vries
- Professor emeritus of Gerontology at the San Francisco State University in San Francisco, California
| | - Sharon Kaassalainen
- A professor and Gladys Sharpe Chair in Nursing in the School of Nursing at McMaster University in Hamilton, ON. She is a researcher focusing on improving quality of living and dying in long-term care homes
| | - Gloria Gutman
- Professor emerita of the Gerontology Department at Simon Fraser University in Vancouver, BC
| | - Marilyn Swinton
- A research coordinator in the School of Nursing at McMaster University in Hamilton, ON
| | - Rachel Z Carter
- A post-doctoral fellow at the Division of Palliative Care, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC
| | - Tamara Sussman
- An associate professor in the School of Social Work at McGill University and an associate professor at the McGill School of Social Work in Montreal, QC, with a research focus on long-term care and end-of-life communication
| | - Doris Barwich
- An associate professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, BC, and the medical director of the BC Centre for Palliative Care - a hub for innovation and research in advance care planning and the palliative approach to care
| | - Robin Urquhart
- An associate professor in the Department of Community Health and Epidemiology at the Dalhousie University in Halifax, NS, with a research focus on health services
| | - Dev Jayaraman
- An associate professor in the Department of Medicine at McGill University in Montreal, QC, and a hospital-based general internist and critical care physician
| | - Peter Munene
- An assistant professor in the Department of Medicine at the University of Ottawa and a hospital-based general internist in Ottawa, ON
| | - John J You
- A hospital-based general internist at the Division of General Internal and Hospitalist Medicine, Credit Valley Hospital, Trillium Health Partners in Mississauga, ON
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3
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Olukolu BA, Bian Y, De Vries B, Tracy WF, Wisser RJ, Holland JB, Balint-Kurti PJ. The Genetics of Leaf Flecking in Maize and Its Relationship to Plant Defense and Disease Resistance. Plant Physiol 2016; 172:1787-1803. [PMID: 27670817 PMCID: PMC5100796 DOI: 10.1104/pp.15.01870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2016] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Physiological leaf spotting, or flecking, is a mild-lesion phenotype observed on the leaves of several commonly used maize (Zea mays) inbred lines and has been anecdotally linked to enhanced broad-spectrum disease resistance. Flecking was assessed in the maize nested association mapping (NAM) population, comprising 4,998 recombinant inbred lines from 25 biparental families, and in an association population, comprising 279 diverse maize inbreds. Joint family linkage analysis was conducted with 7,386 markers in the NAM population. Genome-wide association tests were performed with 26.5 million single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the NAM population and with 246,497 SNPs in the association population, resulting in the identification of 18 and three loci associated with variation in flecking, respectively. Many of the candidate genes colocalizing with associated SNPs are similar to genes that function in plant defense response via cell wall modification, salicylic acid- and jasmonic acid-dependent pathways, redox homeostasis, stress response, and vesicle trafficking/remodeling. Significant positive correlations were found between increased flecking, stronger defense response, increased disease resistance, and increased pest resistance. A nonlinear relationship with total kernel weight also was observed whereby lines with relatively high levels of flecking had, on average, lower total kernel weight. We present evidence suggesting that mild flecking could be used as a selection criterion for breeding programs trying to incorporate broad-spectrum disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bode A Olukolu
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.)
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
| | - Yang Bian
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.)
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
| | - Brian De Vries
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.)
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
| | - William F Tracy
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.)
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
| | - Randall J Wisser
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.)
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
| | - James B Holland
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.)
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.)
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.)
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
| | - Peter J Balint-Kurti
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7616 (B.A.O., P.J.B.-K.);
- Department of Crop Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695-7620 (B.A.O., Y.B., J.B.H.);
- Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706 (B.D.V., W.F.T.);
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716 (R.J.W.); and
- United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695 (J.B.H., P.J.B.-K.)
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4
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Abstract
This discussion directs itself to a review and synthesis of the chronicles of later life kinship loss as presented in this volume. Several efforts are aimed in this direction. First, four broad generalizations about bereavement are offered: 1) Bereavement is a complex experience, 2) influenced by the context within which the loss takes place as well as 3) the nature of the lost relationship and the role the deceased played, 4) with an endpoint that is variable and unclear. The particular influences of specific losses are also addressed. Second, the empirical issues corresponding to these generalizations are discussed as are the more substantive issues of the appraisal of the loss, the role(s) of gender, and the influence of spirituality. Finally, the application of these works are identified and framed in the context of later life bereavement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian De Vries
- University of British Columbia and San Francisco State University, California
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5
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Abstract
The death of an adult child is purported to precipitate the most distressing and long-lasting of all grief reactions. The empirical literature surrounding such a claim, however, is primarily clinical and anecdotal in nature with relatively arbitrary and small samples. Drawing from a nationally representative sample of adults (Americans' Changing Lives, 1986, 1989), we examine the long-term effects of the death of an adult child longitudinally over two waves of assessment separated by two and one-half years. The bereaved sample comprised seventy-seven parents (78% female) with a mean age of approximately seventy years whose adult child (mean age at time of death was 42 years) had died within the preceding one to ten years. Results indicated that, in comparison with a comparably aged group of non-bereaved parents, the bereaved group experienced higher levels of depression. Additionally, the bereaved group reported slightly higher levels of marital satisfaction and expressed somewhat different sources of life satisfaction and different sources of worry. From Wave 1 to Wave 2 of assessment, health status declined at a more rapid rate for the bereaved than the control and the higher levels of depression for the bereaved did not change. Discussion focuses on the meaning of the death of a child, and an adult child in particular, and the complexity of the associated bereavement process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian De Vries
- University of British Columbia and San Francisco State University, California
| | - Christopher G. Davis
- University of British Columbia and Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan
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6
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Abstract
This article introduces a volume devoted to the examination of later-life bereavement: an analysis of variation in cause, course, and consequence. Six articles address and represent this variation and comprise this volume: 1) Prigerson et al. present case histories of the traumatic grief of spouses; 2) Hays et al. highlight the bereavement experiences of siblings in contrast to those spouses and friends; 3) Moss et al. address the role of gender in middle-aged children's responses to parent death; 4) Bower focuses on the language adopted by these adult children in accepting the death of a parent; 5) de Vries et al. explore the long-term, longitudinal effects on the psychological and somatic functioning of parents following the death of an adult child; and 6) Fry presents the short-term and longitudinal reactions of grandparents to the death of a grandchild. A concluding article is offered by de Vries stressing both the unique and common features of these varied bereavement experiences touching on some of the empirical issues and suggesting potential implications and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian De Vries
- University of British Columbia, and San Francisco State University, California
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7
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Olukolu BA, Tracy WF, Wisser R, De Vries B, Balint-Kurti PJ. A Genome-Wide Association Study for Partial Resistance to Maize Common Rust. Phytopathology 2016; 106:745-51. [PMID: 27003507 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-11-15-0305-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative resistance to maize common rust (causal agent Puccinia sorghi) was assessed in an association mapping population of 274 diverse inbred lines. Resistance to common rust was found to be moderately correlated with resistance to three other diseases and with the severity of the hypersensitive defense response previously assessed in the same population. Using a mixed linear model accounting for the confounding effects of population structure and flowering time, genome-wide association tests were performed based at 246,497 single-nucleotide polymorphism loci. Three loci associated with maize common rust resistance were identified. Candidate genes at each locus had predicted roles, mainly in cell wall modification. Other candidate genes included a resistance gene and a gene with a predicted role in regulating accumulation of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bode A Olukolu
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology and Department of Horticulture, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695; second and fourth authors: Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; third author: Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716; and fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - William F Tracy
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology and Department of Horticulture, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695; second and fourth authors: Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; third author: Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716; and fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Randall Wisser
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology and Department of Horticulture, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695; second and fourth authors: Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; third author: Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716; and fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Brian De Vries
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology and Department of Horticulture, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695; second and fourth authors: Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; third author: Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716; and fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
| | - Peter J Balint-Kurti
- First author: Department of Plant Pathology and Department of Horticulture, North Carolina State University, Raleigh 27695; second and fourth authors: Department of Agronomy, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53706; third author: Department of Plant & Soil Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark 19716; and fifth author: Department of Plant Pathology, North Carolina State University, and United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service Plant Science Research Unit, Raleigh, NC 27695
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Lund D, Caserta M, Utz R, De Vries B. Experiences and early coping of bereaved spouses/partners in an intervention based on the dual process model (dpm). Omega (Westport) 2010; 61:291-313. [PMID: 21058611 DOI: 10.2190/om.61.4.c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to test the effectiveness of the Dual Process Model (DPM) of coping with bereavement. The sample consisted of 298 recently widowed women (61%) and men age 50+ who participated in 14 weekly intervention sessions and also completed before (O1) and after (O2) self-administered questionnaires. While the study also includes two additional follow-up assessments (O3 and O4) that cover up to 14-16 months bereaved, this article examines only O1 and O2 assessments. Based on random assignment, 128 persons attended traditional grief groups that focused on loss-orientation (LO) in the model and 170 persons participated in groups receiving both the LO and restoration-orientation (RO) coping (learning daily life skills). As expected, participants in DPM groups showed slightly higher use of RO coping initially, but compared with LO group participants they improved at similar levels and reported similar high degrees of satisfaction with their participation (i.e., having their needs met and 98-100% indicating they were glad they participated. Even though DPM participants had six fewer LO sessions, they showed similar levels of LO improvement. Qualitative data indicate that the RO component of the DPM might be more effective if it is tailored and delivered individually.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dale Lund
- Department of Sociology, California State University San Bernardino, CA 92407, USA.
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Caserta M, Utz R, Lund D, De Vries B. Sampling, recruitment, and retention in a bereavement intervention study: experiences from the Living After Loss Project. Omega (Westport) 2010; 61:181-203. [PMID: 20873532 PMCID: PMC2948412 DOI: 10.2190/om.61.3.b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This article reports on the sampling and recruitment challenges, as well as the strategies used to address them in the Living After Loss (LAL) project, a bereavement intervention study conducted in Salt Lake City and San Francisco comparing two 14-week group conditions with follow-up. We encountered three major challenges: 1) difficulty determining eligibility for some potential participants who were contacted, 2) locating and recruiting nonwhites, and 3) unavailable phone numbers for approximately one-third of those we attempted to contact. Despite these challenges, we achieved a 42% response rate with a sample size of 328 participants comprising 15% nonwhite. Eighty-five percent of the participants completed all of the follow-up data points. Leading factors in participants' decisions to join and remain in the study were 1) opportunities to obtain help and support, 2) to potentially help other bereaved individuals, 3) to contribute to research, and 4) their on-going interactions with a professional, empathetic, and culturally sensitive project staff. Effectively focusing recruitment efforts and carefully and systematically training research staff were among the most effective strategies we employed and therefore suggest for those planning similar investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Caserta
- Center on Aging, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
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11
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Abstract
This article reviews the literature on parental bereavement over the family life course drawing attention to the meaning of the loss. The conceptual framework for this article arises from the intersection of Klass and Marwit's [1] theory of parental bereavement and the theory of family development as proposed by Aldous [2] and others. The review of the literature is organized according to a series of factors, proposed by Rando [3] and others, thought to influence the parental grief experience: the untimeliness of the death; the nature and quality of the lost relationship; the role the deceased played; the characteristics of the death; and, the social support system. The role of a family developmental perspective in the understanding of parental bereavement and the recognition of the issues involved in the losses at different family stages is discussed in relation to each factor and strategies for future research are offered.
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