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Wang Y, Li X, Luo J, Woodfield BF, Wang X, Feng T, Yin N, Shi Q, Li G, Li L. An Unexpected Decrease in Vibrational Entropy of Multicomponent Rutile Oxides. J Am Chem Soc 2024. [PMID: 38743872 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c14801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
High-entropy oxides (HEOs), featuring infinite chemical composition and exceptional physicochemical properties, are attracting much attention. The configurational entropy caused by a component disorder of HEOs is popularly believed to be the main driving force for thermal stability, while the role of vibrational entropy in the thermodynamic landscape has been neglected. In this study, we systematically investigated the vibrational entropy of multicomponent rutile oxides (including Fe0.5Ta0.5O2, Fe0.333Ti0.333Ta0.333O2, Fe0.25Ti0.25Ta0.25Sn0.25O2, and Fe0.21Ti0.21Ta0.21Sn0.21Ge0.16O2) by precise heat capacity measurements. It is found that vibrational entropy gradually decreases with increasing component disorder, beyond what one could expect from an equilibrium thermodynamics perspective. Moreover, all multicomponent rutile oxides exhibit a positive excess vibrational entropy at 298.15 K. Upon examinations of configuration disorder, size mismatch, phase transition, and polyhedral distortions, we demonstrate that the excess vibrational entropy plays a pivotal role in lowering the crystallization temperature of multicomponent rutile oxides. These findings represent the first experimental confirmation of the role of lattice vibrations in the thermodynamic landscape of rutile HEOs. In particular, vibrational entropy could serve as a novel descriptor to guide the predictive design of multicomponent oxide materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaowen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Xinbo Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Jipeng Luo
- Thermochemistry Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Xiyang Wang
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Tao Feng
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Nan Yin
- Thermochemistry Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Quan Shi
- Thermochemistry Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, P. R. China
| | - Guangshe Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Liping Li
- State Key Laboratory of Inorganic Synthesis and Preparative Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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Sommers JA, Shumway SG, Surta TW, Dolgos MR, Woodfield BF. Synthesis, Structure, and Heat Capacity of Some Basic Hydroxohalide Glasses of Zirconium and Hafnium. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:92-98. [PMID: 38112153 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.3c02945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
This work highlights the synthesis and properties of novel basic hydroxohalide glasses of zirconium and hafnium. The hydroxohalide glasses are M(OH)4-αXα·(n)H2O where M represents either zirconium or hafnium, and X represents either chloride or bromide. The chemical structure is investigated using X-ray diffraction, total scattering, and the pair distribution function method to identify the local structure and any short-range connectivity. The thermodynamic properties of the glasses are probed using low-temperature heat capacity, where a gap in the phonon density of states is discussed and related to boson peaks in the heat capacity of the glasses. These results represent the first published synthesis and thermodynamic properties of zirconium and hafnium basic hydroxohalide glasses. Synthesis methods, structural determination, and analysis of the heat capacity data allow for a comprehensive look at the makeup and unique properties of these novel glassy materials. Values of the standard thermodynamic functions Cp,m°, Δ0TSm°, Δ0THm°, and Φm° are also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- James A Sommers
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Spencer G Shumway
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - T Wesley Surta
- Department of Chemistry, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZD, U. K
| | - Michelle R Dolgos
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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3
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Czerniecka-Kubicka A, Tutka P, Zarzyka I, Neilsen G, Woodfield BF, Skotnicki M, Pyda M. Heat capacity of cytisine - the drug for smoking cessation. Eur J Pharm Sci 2023; 183:106397. [PMID: 36736465 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
The characterization of cytisine (CYT) and its blends with poly(lactic acid) was performed using thermal analysis, elemental analysis, infrared spectroscopy, and powder X-ray diffractometry. The heat capacities, total enthalpy, and phase transitions of CYT were established from 1.8 to 448.15 K (-271.35 - 175 °C) by advanced thermal analysis. Data were obtained using a Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) and a differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The low-temperature heat capacity of the crystalline CYT in the range of 1.8 to 300 K (-271.35 - 26.86 °C) was measured by PPMS and fitted to a theoretical model in the low temperature region below 11 K (-262.15 °C), to orthogonal polynomials in the middle range 5 K < T < 60 K (-268.15 °C < t < -213.15 °C) and to the Debye and Einstein functions in the high range of temperature above 60 K (-213.15 °C). The liquid heat capacity was calculated based on the approximated linear regression data above the molten state of the experimental heat capacity of CYT obtained by the standard DSC measurements, and it was expressed as Cpliquid = 0.0838T + 346.78 J·K-1·mol-1. The calculated heat capacity in the solid state was extended to a higher temperature and was used, together with liquid heat capacity, as the reference baselines for the advanced thermal analysis of CYT. The PPMS and DSC/TMDSC methods are complementary methods for thermal analysis of cytisine. The PPMS method allowed determination of the equilibrium heat capacity in the solid state, which together with the equilibrium heat capacity in the liquid state allowed to analyze of the experimental apparent heat capacity of cytisine obtained based on DSC. The melting temperature and the total heat of fusion of crystalline material were established as 431.8 K (158.65 °C) and 26.5 kJ·mol-1, respectively. The solid and liquid heat capacities and transition parameters of CYT were applied to calculate total enthalpies for fully amorphous and crystalline states. Analyses of DSC and X-ray confirmed the presence of the solid-solid transition linking with not so far described a polymorphism phenomenon of CYT. Based on the thermogravimetric analysis the temperature of degradation of CYT was determined as 460.5 K (187.35 °C). Also, a preliminary thermal analysis of the blends of cytisine and poly(lactic acid) as a new candidate for drug delivery system was presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Czerniecka-Kubicka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Rzeszow University, The University of Rzeszow, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - Piotr Tutka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Rzeszow University, The University of Rzeszow, 35-310, Rzeszow, Poland; National Drug and Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Iwona Zarzyka
- Department of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland
| | - Grace Neilsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, UT 84602 Provo, USA
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, UT 84602 Provo, USA
| | - Marcin Skotnicki
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - Marek Pyda
- Department of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959, Rzeszow, Poland; Department of Biophysics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780, Poznan, Poland
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Skotnicki M, Czerniecka-Kubicka A, Neilsen G, Woodfield BF, Pyda M. Application of advanced thermal analysis for characterization of crystalline and amorphous phases of carvedilol. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2022; 217:114822. [PMID: 35550491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2022.114822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2022] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The thermal behaviour of crystalline and amorphous carvedilol (CAR) phases was studied by advanced thermal analysis using Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System and Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Theoretical functions describing crystalline carvedilol heat capacity at low temperatures and the Debye-Einstein function for high temperatures were obtained. Based on the experimental heat capacity values, solid and liquid baselines were established, and the state functions (H, S, G) for solid and liquid states were calculated. A comprehensive characterization of melting and glass transition processes was obtained. CAR is easily amorphizable by cooling the liquid. The residual entropy, which quantifies the extent of frozen-in disorder in the amorphous solid, for glassy CAR was estimated as 51 J·mol-1·K-1. The Kauzmann temperature (TK) was estimated based on enthalpy and entropy. Molecular motions in the amorphous phase were also studied. The activation energy for structural relaxation (Ea = 539 kJ·mol-1) and fragility parameter (m = 91) were obtained from the non-isothermal physical ageing. The isothermal physical ageing kinetics of amorphous CAR was studied by applying Kohlrausch-Williams-Watts (KWW) model. The mean molecular relaxation time constant (τKWW = 117 min) and relaxation constant (βKWW = 0.33) were obtained. CAR was classified as a fragile glass-former. Furthermore, τKWW constant for samples aged at 303.15 K is very low, thus, the physical ageing will occur during the short- and long-term storage of amorphous CAR, potentially changing its physicochemical properties during the ageing process. However, the results of molecular mobility studies (high molecular motions) show that the relationship between molecular motions in a glassy solid and its tendency to crystallization does not seem to follow an expected pattern, i.e., no crystallization occurred by thermal treatment of glassy, supercooled liquid and liquid phases of CAR as one would expect. Modern calorimetry and quantitative thermal analysis provided the fundamental kinetic and thermodynamic information about the crystalline and amorphous states of CAR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcin Skotnicki
- Chair and Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland.
| | - Anna Czerniecka-Kubicka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Rzeszow University, The University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland; Interdyscyplinarny Center Preclinical and Clinical Research, The University of Rzeszow, 36-100 Werynia, Poland
| | - Grace Neilsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
| | - Marek Pyda
- Department of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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5
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Hansen LD, Tolley HD, Woodfield BF. Transformation of matter in living organisms during growth and evolution. Biophys Chem 2021; 271:106550. [PMID: 33517028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Growth of an organism involves transformations of the state of matter from unstructured food or photosynthate into the highly organized matter in the living organism. Biological evolution involves random changes in the structure of DNA that lead to changes in the organization of the matter in an organism. Thermodynamic data show the organized biomass in living organisms has the same thermodynamic properties as a random mixture of the same elemental composition and is not in an energetically metastable, low entropy state. Therefore, the central thesis of this work is that building biological structures and organization from foodstuffs incurs no direct thermodynamic cost. The implication is that growth and evolution occur with little or no thermodynamic cost. In consequence, the fundamental difference between living biomass and lifeless organic sludge is in the information constraints that direct and govern the organization of the system. These constraints within a living organism override random processes to produce an organized distribution of biomass within the organism. Similarly, the information in DNA constrains the outcome of biological evolution across organisms within a population of a species in a predictable way that leads to convergent evolution. Although individuals and molecules act or are acted upon in a random manner, the outcome in a constrained system is predictable within an organism and across organisms. As a consequence evolution will produce similar outcomes at the macro level in similar environments. Stochastic determinism is proposed as a method that could be used to model convergent evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lee D Hansen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
| | - H Dennis Tolley
- Department of Statistics, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, United States of America
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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Czerniecka-Kubicka A, Neilsen G, Dickson MS, Woodfield BF, Janus-Kubiak M, Kubisz L, Zarzyka I, Zielecki W, Skotnicki M, Hojan-Jezierska D, Pyda M. Vibrational heat capacity of silver carp collagen. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 163:833-841. [PMID: 32653378 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 06/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The study of the experimental and calculated heat capacity, Cp of fish collagen (silver carp) with contents of several additive components was presented. The experimental low-temperature heat capacity was measured in the temperature range of 1.85 to 302.8 K using a Quantum Design Physical Property Measurement System (PPMS) and the higher temperature Cp from 223.15 K to 382.15 K by Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) method. For an interpretation of the experimental, low-temperature data, the vibrational heat capacity of the pure silver carp collagen was calculated based on the contribution of a sum of the vibrational heat capacity of 4248 amino acids. The vibrational heat capacity for each amino acids was taken from Advanced Thermal Analysis System (ATHAS) Data Bank for individual poly (amino acid) residues based on their group and skeletal vibrational spectra. Comparing of the experimental heat capacity of the collagen with additive components and the calculated vibrational heat capacity of the pure silver carp collagen shows that the differences range from around 10% at 100 K to 14% at 300 K temperature. Such thermal analysis can provide information about the contribution to Cp of unknown components or impurities in the investigated system.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Czerniecka-Kubicka
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology, Medical College of Rzeszow University, The University of Rzeszow, 35-310 Rzeszow, Poland.
| | - G Neilsen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, UT 84602, Provo, USA
| | - M S Dickson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, UT 84602, Provo, USA
| | - B F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, UT 84602, Provo, USA
| | - M Janus-Kubiak
- Department of Biophysics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - L Kubisz
- Department of Biophysics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - I Zarzyka
- Department of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - W Zielecki
- Department of Manufacturing Processes and Production Engineering, Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Aeronautics, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
| | - M Skotnicki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - D Hojan-Jezierska
- Department of Hearing Healthcare Profession Chair of Biophysic, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland
| | - M Pyda
- Department of Biophysics, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-780 Poznan, Poland; Department of Chemistry, Rzeszow University of Technology, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland
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Rosen PF, Dickson MS, Calvin JJ, Ross NL, Friščić T, Navrotsky A, Woodfield BF. Thermodynamic Evidence of Structural Transformations in CO 2-Loaded Metal-Organic Framework Zn(MeIm) 2 from Heat Capacity Measurements. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:4833-4841. [PMID: 32070102 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b13883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks are a class of porous compounds with potential applications in molecular sieving, gas sequestration, and catalysis. One family of MOFs, zeolitic imidizolate frameworks (ZIFs), is of particular interest for carbon dioxide sequestration. We have previously reported the heat capacity of the sodalite topology of the zinc 2-methylimidazolate framework (ZIF-8), and in this Article we present the first low-temperature heat capacity measurements of ZIF-8 with various amounts of sorbed CO2. Molar heat capacities from 1.8 to 300 K are presented for samples containing up to 0.99 mol of CO2 per mol of ZIF-8. Samples with at least 0.56 mol of CO2 per mol of ZIF-8 display a large, broad anomaly from 70 to 220 K with a shoulder on the low-temperature side, suggesting sorption-induced structural transitions. We attribute the broad anomaly partially to a gate-opening transition, with the remainder resulting from CO2 rearrangement and/or lattice expansion. The measurements also reveal a subtle anomaly from 0 to 70 K in all samples that does not exist in the sorbate-free material, which likely reflects new vibrational modes resulting from sorbate/ZIF-8 interactions. These results provide the first thermodynamic evidence of structural transitions induced by CO2 sorption in the ZIF-8 framework.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter F Rosen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Matthew S Dickson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Jason J Calvin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Nancy L Ross
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - Tomislav Friščić
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montreal H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- School of Molecular Sciences and Center for Materials of the Universe, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, United States
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
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Spencer EC, Kolesnikov AI, Woodfield BF, Ross NL. New Insights about CuO Nanoparticles from Inelastic Neutron Scattering. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:nano9030312. [PMID: 30813525 PMCID: PMC6473763 DOI: 10.3390/nano9030312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2019] [Revised: 02/15/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Inelastic Neutron Scattering (INS) spectroscopy has provided a unique insight into the magnetodymanics of nanoscale copper (II) oxide (CuO). We present evidence for the propagation of magnons in the directions of the ordering vectors of both the commensurate and helically modulated incommensurate antiferromagnetic phases of CuO. The temperature dependency of the magnon spin-wave intensity (in the accessible energy-range of the experiment) conforms to the Bose population of states at low temperatures (T ≤ 100 K), as expected for bosons, then intensity significantly increases, with maximum at about 225 K (close to TN), and decreases at higher temperatures. The obtained results can be related to gradual softening of the dispersion curves of magnon spin-waves and decreasing the spin gap with temperature approaching TN on heating, and slow dissipation of the short-range dynamic spin correlations at higher temperatures. However, the intensity of the magnon signal was found to be particle size dependent, and increases with decreasing particle size. This "reverse size effect" is believed to be related to either creation of single-domain particles at the nanoscale, or "superferromagnetism effect" and the formation of collective particle states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elinor C Spencer
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
| | | | - Brian F Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
| | - Nancy L Ross
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA.
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Rahmati M, Huang B, Mortensen MK, Keyvanloo K, Fletcher TH, Woodfield BF, Hecker WC, Argyle MD. Effect of different alumina supports on performance of cobalt Fischer-Tropsch catalysts. J Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2017.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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10
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Schliesser JM, Huang B, Sahu SK, Asplund M, Navrotsky A, Woodfield BF. Experimental heat capacities, excess entropies, and magnetic properties of bulk and nano Fe3O4-Co3O4 and Fe3O4-Mn3O4 spinel solid solutions. J SOLID STATE CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jssc.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Zhang Y, Smith S, Woodfield BF, Ess DH. Investigating the local structure and phase evolution of mesoporous gamma alumina using pair distribution function (PDF) analysis. Acta Crystallogr A Found Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1107/s0108767317097604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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12
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Pierce EM, Lilova K, Missimer DM, Lukens WW, Wu L, Fitts J, Rawn C, Huq A, Leonard DN, Eskelsen JR, F Woodfield B, Jantzen CM, Navrotsky A. Structure and Thermochemistry of Perrhenate Sodalite and Mixed Guest Perrhenate/Pertechnetate Sodalite. Environ Sci Technol 2017; 51:997-1006. [PMID: 28026187 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.6b01879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Treatment and immobilization of technetium-99 (99Tc) contained in reprocessed nuclear waste and present in contaminated subsurface systems represents a major environmental challenge. One potential approach to managing this highly mobile and long-lived radionuclide is immobilization into micro- and meso-porous crystalline solids, specifically sodalite. We synthesized and characterized the structure of perrhenate sodalite, Na8[AlSiO4]6(ReO4)2, and the structure of a mixed guest perrhenate/pertechnetate sodalite, Na8[AlSiO4]6(ReO4)2-x(TcO4)x. Perrhenate was used as a chemical analogue for pertechnetate. Bulk analyses of each solid confirm a cubic sodalite-type structure (P4̅3n, No. 218 space group) with rhenium and technetium in the 7+ oxidation state. High-resolution nanometer scale characterization measurements provide first-of-a-kind evidence that the ReO4- anions are distributed in a periodic array in the sample, nanoscale clustering is not observed, and the ReO4- anion occupies the center of the sodalite β-cage in Na8[AlSiO4]6(ReO4)2. We also demonstrate, for the first time, that the TcO4- anion can be incorporated into the sodalite structure. Lastly, thermochemistry measurements for the perrhenate sodalite were used to estimate the thermochemistry of pertechnetate sodalite based on a relationship between ionic potential and the enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of formation for previously measured oxyanion-bearing feldspathoid phases. The results collected in this study suggest that micro- and mesoporous crystalline solids maybe viable candidates for the treatment and immobilization of 99Tc present in reprocessed nuclear waste streams and contaminated subsurface environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric M Pierce
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS: 6038, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Kristina Lilova
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - David M Missimer
- Analytical Development Center, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, United States
| | - Wayne W Lukens
- Chemical Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - Lili Wu
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jeffrey Fitts
- Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, Princeton University , Princeton, New Jersey 08544, United States
| | - Claudia Rawn
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Ashfia Huq
- Chemical & Engineering Materials Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Donovan N Leonard
- Department of Materials Science & Engineering, University of Tennessee , Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, United States
| | - Jeremy R Eskelsen
- Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, MS: 6038, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, United States
| | - Brian F Woodfield
- Chemistry & Biochemistry, Brigham Young University , Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Carol M Jantzen
- Environmental Technology Center, Savannah River National Laboratory, Aiken, South Carolina 29808, United States
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis , Davis, California 95616, United States
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Schliesser JM, Woodfield BF. Development of a Debye heat capacity model for vibrational modes with a gap in the density of states. J Phys Condens Matter 2015; 27:285402. [PMID: 26126165 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/27/28/285402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Low-energy vibrational modes that have a gap in the density of states (DOS) have often been observed in heat capacity data in the form of 'boson' peaks, but the functions used to model these modes are often inadequate or are not physically meaningful. We have adapted the Debye model to represent these gapped modes and have derived the heat capacity equations for these modes in one, two, and three dimensions. Applying these equations to the low-temperature heat capacity data fitting for a large variety of materials substantially improves the fit quality relative to conventional fits. From the fitting parameters, the underlying DOS were estimated, which we show to be comparable to those reported in the literature. This model expands the methods of theoretical low-temperature heat capacity data analysis and improves the procedure of approximating a material's DOS from its low-temperature heat capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacob M Schliesser
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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14
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Smith SJ, Huang B, Liu S, Liu Q, Olsen RE, Boerio-Goates J, Woodfield BF. Synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles via a robust "solvent-deficient" method. Nanoscale 2015; 7:144-156. [PMID: 25406574 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr04964k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report an efficient, general methodology for producing high-surface area metal oxide nanomaterials for a vast range of metal oxides, including at least one metal oxide nanomaterial from nearly every transition metal and semi-metal group in the periodic table (groups 3-4 and 6-15) as well as several from the lanthanide group (see ). The method requires only 2-3 simple steps; a hydrated metal salt (usually a nitrate or chloride salt) is ground with bicarbonate (usually NH4HCO3) for 10-30 minutes to form a precursor that is then either untreated or rinsed before being calcined at relatively low temperatures (220-550 °C) for 1-3 hours. The method is thus similar to surfactant-free aqueous methods such as co-precipitation but is unique in that no solvents are added. The resulting "solvent-deficient" environment has interesting and unique consequences, including increased crystallinity of the products over other aqueous methods and a mesoporous nature in the inevitable agglomerates. The products are chemically pure and phase pure with crystallites generally 3-30 nm in average size that aggregate into high surface area, mesoporous agglomerates 50-300 nm in size that would be useful for catalyst and gas sensing applications. The versatility of products and efficiency of the method lend its unique potential for improving the industrial viability of a broad family of useful metal oxide nanomaterials. In this paper, we outline the methodology of the solvent-deficient method using our understanding of its mechanism, and we describe the range and quality of nanomaterials it has produced thus far.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J Smith
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA.
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15
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Sahu SK, Huang B, Lilova K, Woodfield BF, Navrotsky A. Thermodynamics of Fe3O4–Co3O4 and Fe3O4–Mn3O4 spinel solid solutions at the bulk and nanoscale. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2015; 17:22286-95. [PMID: 26245233 DOI: 10.1039/c5cp02972d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enthalpy of mixing (ΔmixH) of (1 − x)Fe3O4–xMn3O4 spinel solid solutions with cubic Fe3O4 and tetragonal Mn3O4 end members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulata K. Sahu
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU
- University of California Davis
- Davis
- USA
| | - Baiyu Huang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Kristina Lilova
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU
- University of California Davis
- Davis
- USA
| | - Brian F. Woodfield
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry
- Brigham Young University
- Provo
- USA
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU
- University of California Davis
- Davis
- USA
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16
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Keyvanloo K, Hecker WC, Woodfield BF, Bartholomew CH. Highly active and stable supported iron Fischer–Tropsch catalysts: Effects of support properties and SiO2 stabilizer on catalyst performance. J Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcat.2014.08.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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17
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Zhang Y, Shi Q, Schliesser J, Woodfield BF, Nan Z. Magnetic and Thermodynamic Properties of Nanosized Zn Ferrite with Normal Spinal Structure Synthesized Using a Facile Method. Inorg Chem 2014; 53:10463-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ic501487c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yunong Zhang
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yang Zhou University, 225002 Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Quan Shi
- Thermochemistry
Laboratory, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jacob Schliesser
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Brian F. Woodfield
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, United States
| | - Zhaodong Nan
- College
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yang Zhou University, 225002 Yangzhou, People’s Republic of China
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18
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Keyvanloo K, Mardkhe MK, Alam TM, Bartholomew CH, Woodfield BF, Hecker WC. Supported Iron Fischer–Tropsch Catalyst: Superior Activity and Stability Using a Thermally Stable Silica-Doped Alumina Support. ACS Catal 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/cs401242d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Todd M. Alam
- Department
of Electronic, Optical and Nanostructured Materials, Sandia National Laboratories, Albuquerque, NM, 87185
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19
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Spencer EC, Huang B, Parker SF, Kolesnikov AI, Ross NL, Woodfield BF. The thermodynamic properties of hydrated γ-Al2O3 nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2013; 139:244705. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4850636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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21
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Khosravi M. M, Andrus MB, Burt SR, Woodfield BF. Generalized preparation method and characterization of aluminum isopropoxide, aluminum phenoxide, and aluminum n-hexyloxide. Polyhedron 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Smith SJ, Amin S, Woodfield BF, Boerio-Goates J, Campbell BJ. Phase Progression of γ-Al2O3 Nanoparticles Synthesized in a Solvent-Deficient Environment. Inorg Chem 2013; 52:4411-23. [DOI: 10.1021/ic302593f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Samrat Amin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, United
States
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23
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Abstract
Naturally occurring ferrihydrite is both impure and difficult to isolate, so the numerous applications and interesting properties of ferrihydrite have spurred the development of various synthetic techniques. Nearly all techniques are based on the hydrolysis of an iron salt and require careful control of temperature, pH, and concentration. In this Article, we report a new synthetic method which does not require such control and is perhaps the fastest and simplest route to synthesizing ferrhydrite. XRD, TEM, BET, and chemical purity characterizations show that the chemically pure, 2-line ferrihydrite product consists of crystallites 2-6 nm in diameter which aggregate to form mesoporous, high surface area agglomerates that are attractive candidates for the many adsorption applications of ferrihydrite. X-ray PDF data were also collected for the ferrihydrite product and refined against the hexagonal structural model recently proposed by Michel et al. These analyses suggest that ferrihydrite has a consistent, repeatable structure independent of variation in the synthetic method, water content of the sample, or particle size of the crystallites, and this structure can be adequately described by the proposed hexagonal model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stacey J Smith
- Brigham Young University, Chemistry & Biochemistry, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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24
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Selck DA, Woodfield BF, Boerio-Goates J, Austin DE. Simple, inexpensive mass spectrometric analyzer for thermogravimetry. Rapid Commun Mass Spectrom 2012; 26:78-82. [PMID: 22271471 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.5301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A low-cost mass spectrometer attachment for thermogravimetric analysis has been constructed from readily available commercial instruments and components. The benefits of this set-up include excellent mass-flow repeatability, simple design, and significantly lower adoption cost as opposed to ready-built commercial solutions. The inclusion of an open source software package allows semi-automated, highly simplified data analysis. The results from the instrument show excellent sensitivity for small volumes of evolved gas, as well as highly reproducible signal strengths. The GUI-based software package provides data analysis in a way that is very intuitive and that can be easily modified to work with a broad range of TG instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- David A Selck
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
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25
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Spencer EC, Ross NL, Parker SF, Woodfield BF, Boerio-Goates J, Smith SJ, Olsen RE, Kolesnikov AI, Navrotsky A, Ma C. Determination of the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity of cobalt oxide nanoparticles and the thermodynamic properties of the hydration layers. J Phys Condens Matter 2011; 23:205303. [PMID: 21540512 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/23/20/205303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We present low temperature (11 K) inelastic neutron scattering (INS) data on four hydrated nanoparticle systems: 10 nm CoO·0.10H(2)O (1), 16 nm Co(3)O(4)·0.40H(2)O (2), 25 nm Co(3)O(4)·0.30H(2)O (3) and 40 nm Co(3)O(4)·0.026H(2)O (4). The vibrational densities of states were obtained for all samples and from these the isochoric heat capacity and vibrational energy for the hydration layers confined to the surfaces of these nanoparticle systems have been elucidated. The results show that water on the surface of CoO nanoparticles is more tightly bound than water confined to the surface of Co(3)O(4), and this is reflected in the reduced heat capacity and vibrational entropy for water on CoO relative to water on Co(3)O(4) nanoparticles. This supports the trend, seen previously, for water to be more tightly bound in materials with higher surface energies. The INS spectra for the antiferromagnetic Co(3)O(4) particles (2-4) also show sharp and intense magnetic excitation peaks at 5 meV, and from this the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity of Co(3)O(4) nanoparticles has been calculated; this represents the first example of use of INS data for determining the magnetic contribution to the heat capacity of any magnetic nanoparticle system.
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Affiliation(s)
- E C Spencer
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
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26
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Putnam RL, Navrotsky A, Woodfield BF, Shapiro JL, Stevens R, Boerio-Goates J. Thermochemistry of Hf-Zirconolite, CaHf Ti2O7. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1557/proc-556-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
AbstractThe formation enthalpy, - 3752.3 ± 4.7 kJ·mol−1, of Hf-zirconolite, CaHfTi2O7, was obtained using high temperature oxide-melt solution calorimetry. Combined with heat capacity data obtained using low temperature adiabatic calorimetry we report the heat capacity (Cp) and the standard molar formation energetics (ΔH°f. elements, Δ S°T, and ΔG°f. elements)for Hf-zirconolite from T = 298.15 K to T = 1500 K. Comparison of Hf-zirconolite with Zr-zirconolite is made.
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27
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Spencer EC, Levchenko AA, Ross NL, Kolesnikov AI, Boerio-Goates J, Woodfield BF, Navrotsky A, Li G. Inelastic Neutron Scattering Study of Confined Surface Water on Rutile Nanoparticles. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:2796-800. [DOI: 10.1021/jp8109918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elinor C. Spencer
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Andrey A. Levchenko
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Nancy L. Ross
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Alexander I. Kolesnikov
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Juliana Boerio-Goates
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Brian F. Woodfield
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
| | - Guangshe Li
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. BOX 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6473, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and State Key Laboratory of Structural Chemistry, Fujian Institute of Research on the Structure of Matter, Chinese
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28
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Levchenko AA, Kolesnikov AI, Ross NL, Boerio-Goates J, Woodfield BF, Li G, Navrotsky A. Dynamics of Water Confined on a TiO2 (Anatase) Surface. J Phys Chem A 2007; 111:12584-8. [DOI: 10.1021/jp076033j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey A. Levchenko
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Alexander I. Kolesnikov
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Nancy L. Ross
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Juliana Boerio-Goates
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Brian F. Woodfield
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Guangshe Li
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Peter A. Rock Thermochemistry Laboratory and NEAT ORU, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616, Intense Pulsed Neutron Source Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, Department of Geological Sciences, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602
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29
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Navrotsky A, Dorogova M, Hellman F, Cooke DW, Zink BL, Lesher CE, Boerio-Goates J, Woodfield BF, Lang B. Application of calorimetry on a chip to high-pressure materials. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2007; 104:9187-91. [PMID: 17488819 PMCID: PMC1890469 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0608165104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Silicon micromachined calorimeters ("calorimeter on a chip") are used to measure heat capacities and phase transition enthalpies for thin film, single crystal, and powder samples (5-500 mug). The technology is thus compatible with the small samples produced in multianvil and large diamond anvil cells. Techniques for handling small samples and attaching them to the calorimetric devices have been developed. Initial data illustrate application to CoO and to Fe(2)SiO(4) olivine and spinel, a quenched high pressure phase metastable at ambient conditions. The calorimetric entropy of the olivine-spinel transition in Fe(2)SiO(4) (-16 +/- 5 J/mol.K) is in good agreement with that calculated from phase equilibrium data (-14 +/- 3 J/mol.K). A magnetic transition in iron silicate spinel, detected previously by Mossbauer spectroscopy, is seen in the calorimetric signal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Navrotsky
- Thermochemistry Facility and Nanomaterials in the Environment, Agriculture, and Technology Organized Research Unit, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
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30
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Boerio-Goates J, Li G, Li L, Walker TF, Parry T, Woodfield BF. Surface water and the origin of the positive excess specific heat for 7 nm rutile and anatase nanoparticles. Nano Lett 2006; 6:750-4. [PMID: 16608277 DOI: 10.1021/nl0600169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Specific heats (15-350 K) have been measured on 7 nm TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles containing significant amounts of surface-adsorbed water. By successively reducing the water content without changing particle size, we observed two types of water behavior. The specific heat of bare 7 nm particles was estimated using the water specific heats. Contrary to previous literature reports, the bare small particle specific heats are the same as those of the bulk, within experimental error.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Boerio-Goates
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA.
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31
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Mihaila B, Opeil CP, Drymiotis FR, Smith JL, Cooley JC, Manley ME, Migliori A, Mielke C, Lookman T, Saxena A, Bishop AR, Blagoev KB, Thoma DJ, Lashley JC, Lang BE, Boerio-Goates J, Woodfield BF, Schmiedeshoff GM. Pinning frequencies of the collective modes in alpha-uranium. Phys Rev Lett 2006; 96:076401. [PMID: 16606114 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.96.076401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2005] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Uranium is the only known element that features a charge-density wave (CDW) and superconductivity. We report a comparison of the specific heat of single-crystal and polycrystalline alpha-uranium. In the single crystal we find excess contributions to the heat capacity at 41 K, 38 K, and 23 K, with a Debye temperature ThetaD = 265 K. In the polycrystalline sample the heat capacity curve is thermally broadened (ThetaD = 184 K), but no excess heat capacity was observed. The excess heat capacity Cphi (taken as the difference between the single-crystal and polycrystal heat capacities) is well described in terms of collective-mode excitations above their respective pinning frequencies. This attribution is represented by a modified Debye spectrum with two cutoff frequencies, a pinning frequency V0 for the pinned CDW (due to grain boundaries in the polycrystal), and a normal Debye acoustic frequency occurring in the single crystal.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Mihaila
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
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32
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Li G, Li L, Boerio-Goates J, Woodfield BF. High purity anatase TiO(2) nanocrystals: near room-temperature synthesis, grain growth kinetics, and surface hydration chemistry. J Am Chem Soc 2005; 127:8659-66. [PMID: 15954771 DOI: 10.1021/ja050517g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 485] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
High purity, spherical anatase nanocrystals were prepared by a modified sol-gel method. Mixing of anhydrous TiCl(4) with ethanol at about 0 degrees C yielded a yellowish sol that was transformed into phase-pure anatase of 7.7 nm in size after baking at 87 degrees C for 3 days. This synthesis route eliminates the presence of fine seeds of the nanoscale brookite phase that frequently occurs in low-temperature formation reactions and also significantly retards the phase transformation to rutile at high temperatures. Heating the as-is 7.7 nm anatase for 2 h at temperatures up to 600 degrees C leads to an increase in grain size of the anatase nanoparticles to 32 nm. By varying the calcination time from 2 to 48 h at 300 degrees C, the particle size could be controlled between 12 and 15.3 nm. The grain growth kinetics of anatase nanoparticles was found to follow the equation, D(2) - D(0)(2) = k(0)t(m)e((-)(E)(a)/(RT)) with a time exponent m = 0.286(+/-9) and an activation energy of E(a) = 32 +/- 2 kJ x mol(-)(1). Thermogravimetric analysis in combination with infrared and X-ray photoemission spectroscopies has shown the anatase nanocrystals at different sizes to be composed of an interior anatase lattice with surfaces that are hydrogen-bonded to a wide set of energetically nonequivalent groups. With a decrease in particle size, the anatase lattice volume contracts, while the surface hydration increases. The removal of the surface hydration layers causes coarsening of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangshe Li
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, USA
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33
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick M. Piccione
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Brian F. Woodfield
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Juliana Boerio-Goates
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Alexandra Navrotsky
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
| | - Mark E. Davis
- Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah 84602, and Thermochemistry Facility, Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, University of California at Davis, Davis, California 95616
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Fisher RA, Kim S, Woodfield BF, Phillips NE, Taillefer L, Hasselbach K, Flouquet J, Giorgi AL, Smith JL. Specific heat of UPt3: Evidence for unconventional superconductivity. Phys Rev Lett 1989; 62:1411-1414. [PMID: 10039667 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.62.1411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Abstract
The heat capacity of crystalline iodoform prepared by vacuum sublimination has been measured from 50 to 340 K and that of iodoform prepared by recrystallization from acetone measured from 120 to 300 K. Both samples exhibit a phase transition near 260 K. The heat capacity anomaly in the sublimed material shows several small maxima which appear with variable positions and heights depending upon the thermal pretreatment of the sample. The transition, which was undetected by previously-reported spectroscopic measurements, is ascribed to an incomplete ordering of the molecular dipole.
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