1
|
Bertsch I, Guay JP, Réveillère C, Telle E, Douceron H, Dubuisson M, Courtois R, Pham T. An investigation of reliability and validity of the LS/CMI with French offenders. Encephale 2023; 49:460-465. [PMID: 35973848 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory (LS/CMI) is one of the best-known recidivism risk instruments. In France, this scale is rarely used because no study had yet been carried out to confirm its psychometric properties on samples of French offenders. The aim of this study was to test the psychometric properties of the LS/CMI on samples of violent French prisoners. METHOD The Level of Service/Case Management Inventory, the BARR-2002R, Historical Clinic Risk-Scale 20 and the Risk for Sexual Violence Protocol were administered to 128 violent offenders. RESULTS-DISCUSSION The results showed good internal consistency, reliability and convergent validity of the LS/CMI. Assault, robbery and sexual assault were correlated with the LS/CMI. All of these results are discussed and analysed using the international reference literature. CONCLUSION Confirmation of the psychometric properties of the LS/CMI among French offenders to allow it to be used to assess the risk of recidivism of offenders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Bertsch
- University of Tours, Department of Psychology, EE 1901 Qualipsy (Quality of life and psychological health), 37000 Tours, France; Centre Val de Loire Resource centers for professionals working with sex, University hospital center of Tours, 37000 Tours, France; University of Mons, Department of Forensic Psychology, 7000 Mons, Belgium.
| | - J-P Guay
- School of Criminology, International Center of Comparative Criminology (ICCC), Philippe-Pinel National Institute of Forensic Psychiatry, University of Montreal, C.P. 6128, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - C Réveillère
- University of Tours, Department of Psychology, EE 1901 Qualipsy (Quality of life and psychological health), 37000 Tours, France
| | - E Telle
- University of Mons, Department of Forensic Psychology, 7000 Mons, Belgium
| | - H Douceron
- Penitentiary Center of Orléans-Saran, Regional Medical and Psychological Service, G.-Daumezon Hospital Center, 45400 Fleury-les-Aubrais, France
| | - M Dubuisson
- Detention Centre of Bédenac, Sanitary Unit, Hospital Center of Bergerac, 24100 Bergerac, France
| | - R Courtois
- University of Tours, Department of Psychology, EE 1901 Qualipsy (Quality of life and psychological health), 37000 Tours, France; Centre Val de Loire Resource centers for professionals working with sex, University hospital center of Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - T Pham
- University of Mons, Department of Forensic Psychology, 7000 Mons, Belgium; Research Center in Social Defense, CRDS, 7500 Tournai, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vancappel A, Kerbage H, Réveillère C, El Hage W. Validation of the French version of the Emotion and Regulation Beliefs Scale (ERBS) and Dissociation Belief Scale (DBS). Behav Cogn Psychother 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37078272 DOI: 10.1017/s1352465823000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dissociation is a recurrent symptom of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and is associated with emotional dysregulation. Beliefs about emotions seem to be involved in emotional dysregulation but have not been studied in relation to dissociation. Likewise, there is currently little empirical evidence of beliefs about dissociation. The aims of the study were to validate psychometric tools assessing these beliefs, to assess their role in dissociation, and to explore the mediating role of emotional dysregulation and beliefs about dissociation in the relationship between beliefs about emotion and dissociation. METHOD We recruited a sample from the general population (n=1009) and a sample of patients with PTSD (n=90). All participants completed self-report questionnaires to evaluate symptoms of PTSD (PTSD Checklist/Impact of Event Scale, PCL-5/IES-6), dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale, DES), difficulties in emotion regulation (Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, DERS), beliefs about dissociation (Dissociation Beliefs Scale, DBS), and beliefs about emotion (Emotion and Regulation Beliefs Scale, ERBS). RESULTS The questionnaires used to assess the beliefs about emotion (ERBS) and dissociation (DBS) had good psychometric properties. Dissociation was positively associated with positive and negative beliefs about dissociation and with negative beliefs about emotions in both the clinical and non-clinical groups. The relationship between beliefs about emotions and dissociation was mediated by emotional dysregulation and positive beliefs about dissociation in both groups. CONCLUSION The ERBS and DBS are effective tools to assess beliefs. Beliefs about emotion and dissociation seem to be involved in dissociative manifestations in both clinical and non-clinical individuals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Vancappel
- CHRU de Tours, Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Tours, France
- Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et santé psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| | - H Kerbage
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Saint Eloi University Hospital, Montpellier, France
- Center for Epidemiology and Population Health (CESP), INSERM U1018, Developmental Psychiatry Team, Villejuif, Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France
| | - C Réveillère
- Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et santé psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | - W El Hage
- CHRU de Tours, Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Tours, France
- UMR 1253, iBrain, Université de Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vancappel A, Aubouin-Bonnaventure J, El-Hage W, Fouquereau E, Réveillère C. Psychological consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic: A qualitative study. Encephale 2022:S0013-7006(22)00103-8. [PMID: 35725511 PMCID: PMC9108086 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2022.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Multiple psychological health problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic among both the general public and health-care workers have been identified in the scientific literature. However, most studies used quantitative methods with scales selected on the basis of the researchers’ pre-established knowledge derived from the experience of other situations and which can therefore induce biases. The dual aim of the present study was to explore qualitatively the perceived psychological consequences of lockdown on members of the general public and the perceived psychological consequences of COVID-19 on health-care workers. We recruited 241 participants from the general public and 120 health-care workers. They consented online to participate and completed open-ended questions evaluating the consequence of the health crisis on their life as a couple, on their friendships, family life, work, studies, psychological health, stress, and vision of the future. Finally, participants were asked to add any further consequences that had not been mentioned. We used double coding to process the data. We identified five main themes among the participants from the general public: improved and maintained social relationships, deterioration of health, improved health, personal growth, and lack of direct social contact. We also identified five main issues among the health-care workers: psychological and emotional impact, adjusting, negative impact on work, worries, and uncertainty about the future. The results confirmed the existence of psychological health problems related to the COVID-19 pandemic. They also highlighted positive consequences. Health-care workers tended to perceive more negative consequences than the participants from the general public.
Collapse
|
4
|
Vancappel A, Courtois R, Réveillère C, El-Hage W. Interaction of mediation and moderation effects of positivity, cognitive fusion, brooding and mindfulness. Encephale 2022; 49:227-233. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
5
|
Vancappel A, Jansen E, Bachem R, Bray A, Egreteau L, Réveillère C, Maercker A, El-Hage W. Validation of the French ADNM-20 in the assessment of emotional difficulties resulting from COVID-19 quarantine and outbreak. BMC Psychol 2021; 9:180. [PMID: 34774108 PMCID: PMC8590117 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-021-00683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Multiple psychological consequences of the COVID-19 outbreak and quarantine have been described. However, there is a lack of global conceptualization. We argue that the stressful aspects of the situation, the multiple environmental consequences of the outbreak, and the diversity of symptoms observed in such a situation, suggest that Adjustment disorder (AD) is a promising way to conceptualize the psychological consequences of the outbreak and quarantine. The first aim of the study was to validate the French version of the ADNM. The second aim was to set out adjustment difficulties resulting from COVID-19 outbreak and quarantine. Method We recruited 1010 (840 women, 170 men) who consented online to participate. They filled out the French ADNM, visual analogic scales, HADS, IES, and the COPE, to evaluate coping strategies. Results We confirmed the factor structure of the ADNM and we found good psychometric properties. We found that 61.3% of participants presented an adjustment disorder related to COVID-19 outbreak. We found multiple risk factors and protective factors to AD due to quarantine and outbreak. We also identified the coping strategies negatively and positively associated with AD. Conclusion Adjustment disorder is a relevant concept to understand psychological manifestations caused by quarantine and outbreak. The French ANDM has good psychometric properties to evaluate such manifestations. The association between coping strategies and AD symptoms suggest that CBT may be the best intervention to help people suffering from AD. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40359-021-00683-7.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Vancappel
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France. .,Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France. .,UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France.
| | - E Jansen
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - R Bachem
- Universität Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - A Bray
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - L Egreteau
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France
| | - C Réveillère
- Département de Psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy, Qualité de vie et Santé Psychologique, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| | | | - W El-Hage
- Pôle de Psychiatrie-Addictologie, Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, Tours, France.,UMR 1253, iBrain, Inserm, Université de Tours, Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Vancappel A, Guerin L, Réveillère C, El-Hage W. Disentangling the link between mindfulness and dissociation: The mediating role of attention and emotional acceptance. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejtd.2021.100220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
7
|
Bertsch I, Courtois R, Réveillère C, Pham T. [Is the use of patient records necessary to assess the risk of sexual, violent and general recidivism?]. Encephale 2021; 48:265-272. [PMID: 34728066 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2021.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Sexual, violent and general recidivism risk scales are widely used in a number of countries. Their psychometric qualities are generally considered to be good. However, in practice they may vary in the quality of prediction of risk of sexual, violent and general recidivism, in particular because of the sources of the information collected. In France, the medical records of incarcerated patients are kept by health-care professionals. Although regulated, the content and quality of these records vary widely from one patient to another. The criminal justice system holds the criminal records of convicted and imprisoned persons. There is no set list of documents contained in these records. For caregivers and researchers, access to criminal records is difficult because of the confidentiality to which legal professionals are subject. The aim of our study was to investigate whether using medical files in addition to structured interviews can improve the assessment and management of the risks of sexual, violent and general recidivism. MATERIAL AND METHOD A total of 128 perpetrators of violence were assessed using three scales of risk of sexual, violent and general recidivism. Scores for the items of the scales were compared between (a) those that were based on medical records and an interview, and (b) those based only on an interview. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION First, differences in scores between the two groups (assessed through interview only, and assessed through interview and use of medical records) were observed on the RSVP, HCR-20 and LS/CMI scales. Secondly, most of the results indicate that the overall level of risk was perceived as lower when medical records were used, which would, indirectly, lead to a reduction in false positives when evaluating perpetrators of sexual violence. Thirdly, the point-by-point analysis shows that the use of information contained in the medical records reduces the weight of present and future factors (e.g. the physical and psychological stress of recent events), increases the weight of past factors (e.g. history of sexual violence), and can increase the weight of certain factors that can lead to more negative emotions in the assessor (e.g. deviance). These results can be explained by (i) the emotional functioning of the persons assessed (particularly defensive processes or memory difficulties), (ii) the attitude of the aggressor (particularly the presence of emotional and cognitive biases), (iii) the nature of the information (particularly "hot" cognitions or those leading to greater social desirability). The limitations of the study concern the relatively small number of participants, the environment in which the file was transmitted and the very heterogeneous and sometimes relatively incomplete composition of the files. CONCLUSION The use of information contained in medical files impacts the results of recidivism risk scales and restores a balance to the factors. In France, risk scales are currently being introduced, although their use is still limited in the health field. However, ethical use of these scales raises the issue of the homogenisation of the content of medical records and access to criminal records in order to enable future research to confirm whether the use of information provided in medical and criminal records can improve the quality of assessment and treatment of offenders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Bertsch
- Département de psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy (qualité de vie et santé psychologique), université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; Centre ressource pour les intervenants auprès des auteurs de violences sexuelles, centre Val-de-Loire, CHRU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37000 Tours, France; Département de psychologie légale, université de Mons-Hainaut, 7000 Mons, Belgique.
| | - R Courtois
- Département de psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy (qualité de vie et santé psychologique), université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; Centre ressource pour les intervenants auprès des auteurs de violences sexuelles, centre Val-de-Loire, CHRU de Tours, avenue de la République, 37000 Tours, France
| | - C Réveillère
- Département de psychologie, EE 1901 Qualipsy (qualité de vie et santé psychologique), université de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - T Pham
- CRDS, centre de recherche en défense sociale, 7500 Tournai, Belgique; Département de psychologie légale, université de Mons-Hainaut, 7000 Mons, Belgique
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Courtois R, Petot JM, Plaisant O, Allibe B, Lignier B, Réveillère C, Lecocq G, John O. Validation française du Big Five Inventory à 10 items (BFI-10). Encephale 2020; 46:455-462. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2020.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
9
|
El Archi S, Brunault P, Ballon N, Réveillère C, Barrault S. Differential association between food craving, food addiction and eating-related characteristics in persons at risk for eating disorders. European Review of Applied Psychology 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.erap.2019.100513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
10
|
Barrault S, Durousseau F, Ballon N, Réveillère C, Brunault P. [Smartphone addiction: French validation of the Internet Addiction Test-Smartphone version (IAT-smartphone) and associated psychopathological features]. Encephale 2018; 45:53-59. [PMID: 29397925 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2017.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2017] [Revised: 12/03/2017] [Accepted: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Since their first appearance in 1992 smartphones have improved constantly, and their use, combined with the rapid spread of the Internet, has increased dramatically. The recent emergence of this technology raises new issues, at both individual and societal levels. Several studies have investigated the physical and psychological harm that may be caused by smartphones. The issue of excessive smartphone use as an addictive disorder is frequently raised and debated, although it is not acknowledged in international classifications. In France, there is no validated assessment tool for smartphone addiction. Therefore, the aims of this research were: to validate a French translation of the Internet Addiction Test-smartphone version (IAT-smartphone); to study the links between smartphone addiction, Internet addiction, depression, anxiety and impulsivity. METHOD Two hundred and sixteen participants from the general population were included in the study (January to February 2016), which was available online using Sphinx software. We assessed smartphone addiction (French version of the Internet Addiction Scale - smartphone version, IAT-smartphone), specificity of smartphone use (time spent, types of activity), Internet addiction (Internet Addiction Test, IAT), impulsivity (UPPS Impulsiveness Behavior Scale), and anxiety and depression (Hospital Anxiety and Depression scale, HAD). We tested the construct validity of the IAT-smartphone (exploratory factor analysis, internal consistency, non-parametric correlation tests for convergent validity). We also carried out multiple linear regressions to determine the factors associated with IAT-smartphone. RESULTS Mean age was 32.4±12.2 years; 75.5% of the participants were women. The IAT-smartphone had a one-factor structure (explaining 42 % of the variance), excellent internal consistency (α=0.93) and satisfactory convergent validity. Smartphone addiction was associated with Internet addiction (ρ=0.85), depression (ρ=0.31), anxiety (ρ=0.14), and some impulsivity subscales, including "negative urgency" (ρ=0.20; P<0.01), "positive urgency" (ρ=0.20; P<0.01), and "lack of perseverance" (ρ=0.16; P<0.05). Age was negatively associated with the IAT-S total score (ρ=-0.25; P<0.001), and there was a non-significant difference between the IAT-S total scores of men and women (29.3±10.2 vs. 32.7±12.4; P=0.06). Multiple linear regression showed that age, anxiety, depression, average time spent on the smartphone, impulsivity and Internet addiction explained 71.4 % of the variance of IAT-smartphone scores. However, this score dropped to 13.2 % when Internet addiction was removed from the model. This variable alone explained 70.8 % of the IAT-smartphone scores. CONCLUSION The French version of the IAT-smartphone is a reliable and valid questionnaire to assess smartphone addiction. This addiction appears to be strongly linked to anxiety, depression and impulsivity. The strong association between smartphone addiction and Internet addiction suggests that smartphone addiction is one of the many forms of Internet addiction. In fact, smartphones may not be the object of the addiction but rather a medium facilitating Internet access as it makes it possible to connect anywhere anytime. This raises the issue of the potential role of smartphones in speeding up and facilitating the development of Internet addiction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Barrault
- Département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais-de-Tours, EA 2114 « Psychologie des Âges de la Vie », 37000 Tours, France; CHRU de Tours, CSAPA-37, centre Port-Bretagne, 37000 Tours, France.
| | - F Durousseau
- Département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais-de-Tours, EA 2114 « Psychologie des Âges de la Vie », 37000 Tours, France
| | - N Ballon
- Équipe de liaison et de soins en addictologie, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; UMR Inserm U930 ERL, 37000 Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais-de-Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| | - C Réveillère
- Département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais-de-Tours, EA 2114 « Psychologie des Âges de la Vie », 37000 Tours, France
| | - P Brunault
- Département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais-de-Tours, EA 2114 « Psychologie des Âges de la Vie », 37000 Tours, France; Équipe de liaison et de soins en addictologie, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; UMR Inserm U930 ERL, 37000 Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais-de-Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Scaon S, Chasseigne G, Giraudeau C, Blouin P, Colombat P, Réveillère C. Éléments de qualité de vie individuelle pour une amélioration de la prise en charge en psycho-oncologie pédiatrique. PSYCHO-ONCOLOGIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s11839-017-0619-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
12
|
Brunault P, Gaillard P, Ballon N, Couet C, Isnard P, Cook S, Delbachian I, Réveillère C, Courtois R. [Validation of the French version of the Binge Eating Scale: Examination of its factor structure, internal consistency and construct validity in a non-clinical and a clinical population]. Encephale 2016; 42:426-433. [PMID: 27017318 DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2016.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The Binge Eating Scale is a widely used scale to assess binge eating disorder in obese patients. Until now, this scale has not been validated on a French population, and no psychometrically sound tool assesses binge eating disorder in the French. This study aimed to test the psychometric properties of a French version of the Binge Eating Scale by establishing its factor structure, internal consistency, and construct validity in both a non-clinical population and a clinical population (obese patients who are candidates for bariatric surgery). METHODS A total of 553 non-clinical subjects and 63 morbidly obese patients who were candidates for bariatric surgery were assessed with the BES and the Bulimic Investigatory Test, Edinburgh or BITE (which assesses both binge eating behaviours and use of inappropriate compensatory behaviours). We tested the factor structure of the instrument, its internal consistency, its construct validity with measures of binge eating, and its construct validity with measures of inappropriate compensatory behaviours to avoid weight gain. In 47 out of the 63 obese patients, we assessed binge eating disorder (SCID). RESULTS In the non-clinical population, the BES had a one-factor structure (which accounted for 61% of the variance), excellent internal consistency (α=0.93), and high construct validity with measures of binge eating. In this population, construct validity with measures of inappropriate compensatory behaviours was confirmed in overweight and obese subjects (P=0.42), but not in underweight and optimal weight subjects (P<0.001). In obese patients candidates for bariatric surgery, we demonstrated that the BES had a one-factor structure (which accounted for 46% of the variance), had high internal consistency (α=0.88) and high construct validity with measures of binge eating and good construct validity with measures of inappropriate compensatory behaviours to avoid weight gain. In the subpopulation of 47 obese patients, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value were respectively 75%, 88.4%, 37.5% and 97.4% (BES threshold=18). DISCUSSION In this study, we validated a psychometrically sound French version of the Binge Eating Scale, both in a non-clinical and a clinical sample. The psychometric properties of the French version of the BES are comparable to its original version with a one-factor structure. The BES is a useful tool to assess binge eating disorder in obese patients (e.g., bariatric surgery candidates), but might not differentiate between binge eating disorder and bulimia nervosa in underweight and optimal weight subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Brunault
- Équipe de liaison et de soins en addictologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France; EA 2114 « psychologie des âges de la vie », département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France; Clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France.
| | - P Gaillard
- Clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France; UMR Inserm U930 ERL, 37200 Tours, France; Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France
| | - N Ballon
- Équipe de liaison et de soins en addictologie, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours cedex 9, France; UMR Inserm U930 ERL, 37200 Tours, France
| | - C Couet
- Université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France; Service de médecine interne nutrition, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - P Isnard
- Service de psychiatrie de l'enfant et de l'adolescent, hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, AP-HP, 75018 Paris, France; UMR Inserm U669, 75679 Paris, France; Universités Paris Descartes et Paris Sud, 75000 Paris, France; Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France
| | - S Cook
- Service de pédopsychiatrie, hôpital Robert-Debré, AP-HP, 75019 Paris, France
| | - I Delbachian
- Service de médecine interne nutrition, CHRU de Tours, 37044 Tours, France
| | - C Réveillère
- EA 2114 « psychologie des âges de la vie », département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France
| | - R Courtois
- EA 2114 « psychologie des âges de la vie », département de psychologie, université François-Rabelais de Tours, 37041 Tours, France; Clinique psychiatrique universitaire, CHRU de Tours, 37000 Tours, France
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Brunault P, Battini J, Potard C, Jonas C, Zagala-Bouquillon B, Chabut A, Mercier JM, Bedhet N, Réveillère C, Goga D, Courtois R. Orthognathic surgery improves quality of life and depression, but not anxiety, and patients with higher preoperative depression scores improve less. Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2016; 45:26-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijom.2015.07.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2014] [Revised: 06/12/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
14
|
Courtois R, Plaisant O, Duijsens IJ, Enfoux A, Coutard N, Réveillère C, Camus V, El-Hage W. Exploratory Study toward Development of the French Version of the Questionnaire on Personality Traits (QPT/VKP–4) in an Elderly Population in Comparison to Young Adults. Psychol Rep 2014; 115:115-32. [DOI: 10.2466/08.09.pr0.115c12z6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This research is an exploratory study toward development of the French version of the Questionnaire on Personality Traits (QPT/VKP–4). The goal was to assess its association with the Big Five Inventory (BIG–5) and to explore the personality characteristics of the elderly compared to young adults. The 241 participants included 83 elderly people and 158 young adults. Borderline and anxious personality disorders were less frequent in elderly women than in young women, and depressive personality disorder was less frequent in elderly men. Dimension scores were higher for Conscientiousness in the elderly, Agreeableness in elderly women, and Extraversion in elderly men. Statistically significant correlations were found between personality dimension scores using the VKP–4 and the BIG–5.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R. Courtois
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, France
| | - O. Plaisant
- Université François Rabelais de Tours, France
- GH Pitié-Salpêtrière, APHP, Université Paris Descartes, France
| | - I. J. Duijsens
- Department of Clinical Health and Neuropsychology, Leiden University, The Netherlands
- Datec, Leiderdorp, The Netherlands
| | - A. Enfoux
- Clinique Psychiatrique Universitaire, CHRU de Tours, France
| | - N. Coutard
- EHPAD ORPEA, Les Jardins de Saintes, France
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Battini J, Courtois R, Réveillère C, Jonas C, Potard C, Tayeb T, Zagala-Bouquillon B, Chabut A, Mercier JM, Bedhet N, Simon E, Goga D. [Psychological effects of orthognatic surgery and postoperative dissatisfaction: presentation of a research protocol]. Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac 2011; 113:36-8. [PMID: 22177627 DOI: 10.1016/j.stomax.2011.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Revised: 07/26/2011] [Accepted: 11/14/2011] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The causes of postoperative dissatisfaction in orthognathic surgery are difficult to grasp. The aims of our study are to analyze the effects of orthognathic surgery on self-esteem, body image, psychological morbidity, and quality of life. We also want to assess the combined effects of these factors on postoperative dissatisfaction, and to study the interest of personality assessment (especially neuroticism) as a predictive factor of dissatisfaction. METHOD Three hundred patients candidates for maxillo-mandibular osteotomy will be included in the study. They will answer a questionnaire assessing self-esteem, body image, psychological morbidity, quality of life, and personality. The evaluation will be conducted preoperatively and postoperatively at 3 months and at 1 year. The degree of satisfaction will be measured postoperatively. EXPECTED RESULTS The results should help evaluate the psychological effects of orthognathic surgery and identify predictors of postoperative dissatisfaction, and especially the role of neuroticism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Battini
- EA 2114, Département de Psychologie, Université François-Rabelais, 3, rue des Tanneurs, BP 4103, 37041 Tours cedex 1, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Courtois R, Potard C, Réveillère C, Moltrecht B. Validation d’une échelle de sexualité (intérêts, émotions, relations : IERS) à la prime adolescence (12 à 15ans). Encephale 2011; 37:33-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.encep.2010.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2009] [Accepted: 12/28/2009] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
17
|
Plaisant O, Courtois R, Réveillère C, Mendelsohn G, John O. Validation par analyse factorielle du Big Five Inventory français (BFI-Fr). Analyse convergente avec le NEO-PI-R. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2009.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
|
18
|
Courtois R, Réveillère C, Paüs A, Berton L, Jouint C. [Links between stress factors, mental health and initial consumption of tobacco and alcohol during pre-adolescence]. Encephale 2007; 33:300-9. [PMID: 17675927 DOI: 10.1016/s0013-7006(07)92043-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We know the effects of stress hassles and life events on mental health at pre-adolescence and the impact of the first experiences with alcoholic beverages and tobacco, where the precocity of the initiation tends to encourage abuse and later dependence on these substances. The goal of this study was to look into the related effect of environmental factors (daily hassles, life events, and social support) on perceived mental health and on the initiation and consumption of tobacco and alcohol by preadolescents. METHODS POPULATION The study was carried out in 12 institutions in a French department ("Indre-et-Loire") in the "Région Centre", including students from the last year of primary school (fifth grade) and the first two years of middle school (sixth and seventh grades): all nine elementary schools in Joué-lès-Tours, the second largest city of the department, and three middle schools in Tours and surrounding areas (urban, semi-rural and inner city). The sample was made up of 476 preadolescents attending school, 234 girls (49%) and 242 boys (51%), 267 primary school and 209 middle school students, with an average age of 11 years and 7 months. MATERIAL Standardized questionnaires, specific to this population: with a scale of daily hassles, life events, mental health, and social support, were used. They proved to be adapted to each of them (Cronbach alpha coefficient>0.70) and the types of hassles and life events corresponded to the psycho developmental knowledge specific of this period. For the middle school students, dependence on tobacco was defined according to the "Hooked on nicotine checklist". PROCEDURE In April 2004 in class (anonymity guaranteed). RESULTS The results show that the hassles (considered in terms of occurrence or intensity, that is, the perceived stress) and life events (occurrence and negative perception) have a negative effect on mental health. In particular, pressure due to family problems has the greatest influence on mental health. For primary school students, this is followed by problems linked to self-perception; for middle school students, those linked to school. The consequences of hassles and life events on mental health allowed us to verify the solidity of the model used in previous studies [the Lausanne pediatric psychiatry team ], even with a younger preadolescent population. The effect of daily hassles is greater than that of life events, but they are not independent of one another (mediational model). Social support plays a modulating and protective role in mental health and the effects of daily hassles and life events. The prevalence of preadolescent smokers (simple experimentation or more or less regular use) is 5.7% (n=26). The prevalence of alcohol use is greater, encompassing more than one-third of subjects (33.4%; n=153). The influence of daily hassles can be seen both on the age of initiation to alcoholic beverages and to use of alcohol and intoxications. It is also observed on the age of initiation to tobacco and nicotine dependence (only taken into account for middle school students). That is to say that they promote precocity in the consumption of these products and increase their use. The absence of links with tobacco consumption may be due to the low number of preadolescent tobacco users. Life events also show an effect on tobacco and alcohol consumption, but it is lesser and should be moderated. Mental health is also correlated (but weakly) to the use of alcoholic beverages and intoxications. This applies more specifically to middle school students. Finally, the role of social support cannot be distinguished. CONCLUSIONS This study shows the degree that daily hassles impact mental health and the recourse to psychoactive substances during preadolescence. Precocious use of tobacco and alcohol, the abuse of these substances and occasionally the beginning of dependence should be considered, at the very least, as warning signs for states of tension on individual, familial and environmental levels, or even as signs of established problems which could be revealed through a thorough clinical.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R Courtois
- Université François-Rabelais, Département de Psychologie, EA 2114, F-37000 Tours, France.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Pham T, Ducro C, Marghem B, Réveillère C. Évaluation du risque de récidive au sein d'une population de délinquants incarcérés ou internés en Belgique francophone. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2005. [DOI: 10.1016/j.amp.2005.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
20
|
|
21
|
Sultan S, Andronikof A, Fouques D, Lemmel G, Mormont C, Réveillère C, Saïas T. Vers des normes francophones pour le Rorschach en système intégré : premiers résultats sur un échantillon de 146 adultes. Psychologie Française 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.psfr.2003.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
|
22
|
Réveillère C, Nandrino J, Sailly F, Mercier C, Moreel V. Étude des tracas quotidiens des étudiants : liens avec la santé perçue. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4487(01)00070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
23
|
Réveillère C, Dutoit D, Beaune D, Nandrino J, Goudemand M. Schizophrénie et famille. Contribution à l’étude et à la prévention de l’état de surcharge. Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0003-4487(01)00069-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
24
|
Leplège A, Réveillère C, Ecosse E, Caria A, Rivière H. [Psychometric properties of a new instrument for evaluating quality of life, the WHOQOL-26, in a population of patients with neuromuscular diseases]. Encephale 2000; 26:13-22. [PMID: 11192800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the principal psychometric properties of the French version of the WHOQOL-26, a short version (26 questions) of the WHOQOL-100, which are World Health Organization instruments for evaluation of quality of life (QOL) which include four dimensions (physical, psychological, environmental, social relations). The use of this tool with psychiatric patients is discussed. Collection of data was performed during a national inquiry on persons with neuromuscular disorders. The population included 2,102 subjects (mean age 42.9 +/- 15 years). Ten different clinical entities were represented, which differed in the type of lesion of the motor unit, the permanence and localization of the loss of muscle strength, the progression of the respiratory deficit, the moment of its occurrence and seriousness of prognosis. This questionnaire was well-adapted to the study population (weak effect of extremes) and was well-accepted (only 5% non-responses). Compared with the long version, homogeneity is less pronounced, but remains acceptable (the item-scale correlation is superior to 0.40 for 66.7% of some items), which is the same as the reliability (Cronbach's alpha coefficient always over 0.65). The sensitivity in relation to the diagnosis is verified for all four dimensions (p = 0.05). The concurrent validity, studied using general QOL evaluation scores, satisfaction with health, and the importance of repercussions of incapacities on daily life was also globally demonstrated (p < 0.0001).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Leplège
- INSERM U292, hôpital de Bicêtre, 78, avenue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|