Atypical choroid plexus papilloma: Diagnosis and differentials: A case report

Atypical choroid plexus papilloma is a rare World Health Organization grade 2 intraventricular tumor arising from the epithelium of the plexus choroid with intermediate clinical-pathological features between the benign choroid plexus papilloma and the malignant choroid plexus carcinoma. The main criteria for differentiation are histopathologic, with difficulties in distinguishing it from choroid plexus papilloma based on imaging features. We report the case of a 4-year-old female presenting with headaches and altered mental status. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed a right lateral ventricular mass with some atypical characteristics, which were confirmed on pathological examination as an atypical choroid plexus papilloma.

Spontaneous Intraventricular Hemorrhage Caused by Sphenoid Meningioma

INTRODUCTION

 Benign sphenoid meningioma presenting with an acute intraventricular hemorrhage is extremely uncommon.

CASE REPORT

 We report a case of a 61-year-old man who was admitted after sudden onset of a severe headache. Brain computed tomography revealed a sphenoid meningioma with acute intraventricular hemorrhage.

DISCUSSION

 Intraventricular hemorrhage caused by Meningiomas is infrequent. Several hypotheses have been proposed to explain the cause of hemorrhage.

CONCLUSION

 The benignity of meningiomas is relative because these tumors can cause exceptional complications such as bleeding.

Paradoxical Tuberculomas Complicating Tuberculous Meningitis: About Two Cases

Paradoxical tuberculomas in patients with tuberculous meningitis during antituberculous chemotherapy is an unusual phenomenon. This reaction is due to the immune response of the host to antituberculous drugs. It is commonly seen in the intensive phase of chemotherapy. We report the cases of two patients with tuberculous meningitis who had developed tuberculomas during adequate and appropriate antitubercular therapy. Tuberculous meningitis requires the regular clinical and radiological follow-up to detect paradoxical response.

Bilateral Traumatic Thalamic Hemorrhage: A Rare Clinical Presentation

Bilateral traumatic thalamic hemorrhage is a very rare occurrence, especially after head trauma, and is limited to case reports. The authors present a 27-year-old man, admitted for head trauma causing bilateral thalamic bleeding. Posttraumatic intracerebral bleeding is caused by focal or diffuse axonal injury. Bilateral traumatic thalamic hemorrhage is a rare clinical and radiologic presentation.

Spontaneous regression of a lumbar disc herniation: case report

Lumbar disc herniation is a common disease that induces back pain and radicular pain. Some cases require conservative treatment or at times relived spontaneously. Spontaneous regression of disc herniation is an atypical clinical presentation, and it has been recognized with the advancement of recent advances in imaging techniques. We present a 35-year-old woman presented a spontaneous regression of a lumbar disc herniation with good outcome after intensive physical therapy program. Spontaneous regression of disc herniation is thought to occur via an inflammatory reaction with molecular mechanisms of phagocytic processes.

Cystic Trigeminal Schwannoma. Case presentation

Trigeminal schwannoma is the second commonest intracranial schwannoma; they remain rare. A minority exhibit cystic changes, with even fewer an intracystic fluid level. We report a case of a 45-year-old man, presented with a progressive hearing loss, worsening right-sided facial spasms and facial numbness in the region of the right trigeminal nerve. Neurological examination revealed hypoesthesia in the right facial region and intermittent rights sided hemi-facial spasms, without signs of raised intracranial pressure or achieve the mixed nerves or neurological deficit. A Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed a cystic mass in the right cerebello-pontine angle with extension forward towards the cavum meckel. The patient was operated by retro sigmoid approach, with a total resection of the tumor.

Intracranial cystic schwannomas constitute an uncommon subset of tumors with a distinct clinico-biological behavior. The presence of fluid–fluid levels within the tumors, although rare, confirms the cystic nature of the neoplasms. Cystic areas are usually secondary to the coalescence of mucinous or microcystic regions in Antoni B tissues. The treatment is surgical in the majority of cases and stereotactic radiosurgery has a clear role for adjuvant treatment of post-surgical recurrence of the tumor or residue.

Traumatic Dorsal Hematoma in Spinal Ligament

Only a few publications regarding traumatic hematoma in spinal ligament have been reported compared to spontaneous spinal hematoma. This type of bleeding is classically associated with bone fracture and/or the presence of haemostasis abnormalities. However, in our case the patient presented with traumatic dorsal hematoma in spinal ligament without any associated disc or bone lesion, and no crasis problems. We report a case of a 50-year-old man, who was a victim of a car accident. Neurological examination revealed paraplegia and hypoesthesia below the T4 sensory dermatome. Spinal magnetic resonance imaging revealed an acute hematoma in spinal ligament extending from T5 to T7with spinal cord compression. The patient was not operated; the evolution was marked by spontaneous resorption of hematoma with the gradual recovery of the neurological deficit using functional reeducation.

Pancaost syndrome related to hydatid cyst

Pancoast syndrome remains a rare presentation of pulmonary diseases. Even in endemic area of echinococcosis, lung's hydatid cyst is seldomly revealed by this syndrome. We report a case of a 38 year old male patient who presented to our department with neck and left superior limb pain associated with palmar muscle atrophy and Horner's syndrome. Radiological investigations suggested the diagnosis of hydatid cyst of the left lung apex which was confirmed by surgical excision and pathological examination of the lesion. This case highlights an uncommon etiology of Pancoast syndrome which might mislead physicians in their practice.

Dynamic CT scan of the craniovertebral junction: a role in the management of os odontoideum

Os odontoideum is an uncommon abnormality of the cranio-vertebral junction (CVJ) that exists as a separate ossicle apart from a hypoplastic dens. Its genesis and natural history have been debated, and its proper treatment remains uncertain. A 48-year-old woman complained of persistent upper neck pain and paraesthesia of her left side. Magnetic resonance imaging of the CVJ demonstrated an os odontoideum. Dynamic computed tomography scan of the CVJ showed a reduction of the space available for the spinal cord to 50% from extended to flexed position. The patient underwent posterior spinal fusion of C1-C2 using a sublaminar titanium hook and rods fixed in moderate extension. We discuss the usefulness of the dynamic computed tomography (CT) scan in the evaluation of atlantoaxial motion and the management of this pathology.