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Bachem A, Makhlouf C, Binger KJ, de Souza DP, Tull D, Lew AM, Perdomo C, Kupz A, Figgett W, Mackay F, Oleshansky M, Russ BE, Parish IA, Kallies A, McConville M, Turner SJ, Gebhardt T, Bedoui S. Microbiota-derived butyrate promotes metabolism and memory potential of effector CD8+T cells. The Journal of Immunology 2020. [DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.204.supp.72.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Interactions with the microbiota influence many aspects of immunity, including immune cell development, differentiation and function. Here we examined the impact of microbiota on one of the key functions of CD8+T cells, the transition to long-lived and protective memory. Antigen-activated CD8+T cells transferred into germ-free mice failed to transition into long-lived memory cells with enhanced recall capacity and had transcriptional impairments in oxidative metabolism. To the contrary, the microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate promoted cellular metabolism, enhanced memory potential of activated CD8+T cells and was required for optimal recall responses upon antigen re-encounter. Mechanistic experiments revealed that the SCFA butyrate increased turnover of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) of effector CD8+T cells but led to a partial uncoupling of the tricarboxylic acid cycle from glycolytic input. This allowed preferential fueling of oxidative phosphorylation through short-chain fatty acids. Our findings reveal a role for the microbiota in promoting CD8+T cell long-term survival as memory cells and suggest that microbial metabolites potentially guide the metabolic rewiring of activated CD8+T cells that enables this transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabell Bachem
- 1The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australia
| | | | | | | | | | - Andrew M Lew
- 4The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Australia
| | | | | | - William Figgett
- 1The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australia
| | - Fabienne Mackay
- 1The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Axel Kallies
- 1The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australia
| | | | | | - Thomas Gebhardt
- 1The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australia
| | - Sammy Bedoui
- 1The Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Australia
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Bachem A, Makhlouf C, Binger KJ, de Souza DP, Tull D, Hochheiser K, Whitney PG, Fernandez-Ruiz D, Dähling S, Kastenmüller W, Jönsson J, Gressier E, Lew AM, Perdomo C, Kupz A, Figgett W, Mackay F, Oleshansky M, Russ BE, Parish IA, Kallies A, McConville MJ, Turner SJ, Gebhardt T, Bedoui S. Microbiota-Derived Short-Chain Fatty Acids Promote the Memory Potential of Antigen-Activated CD8 + T Cells. Immunity 2019; 51:285-297.e5. [PMID: 31272808 DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2019.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 329] [Impact Index Per Article: 65.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Interactions with the microbiota influence many aspects of immunity, including immune cell development, differentiation, and function. Here, we examined the impact of the microbiota on CD8+ T cell memory. Antigen-activated CD8+ T cells transferred into germ-free mice failed to transition into long-lived memory cells and had transcriptional impairments in core genes associated with oxidative metabolism. The microbiota-derived short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) butyrate promoted cellular metabolism, enhanced memory potential of activated CD8+ T cells, and SCFAs were required for optimal recall responses upon antigen re-encounter. Mechanistic experiments revealed that butyrate uncoupled the tricarboxylic acid cycle from glycolytic input in CD8+ T cells, which allowed preferential fueling of oxidative phosphorylation through sustained glutamine utilization and fatty acid catabolism. Our findings reveal a role for the microbiota in promoting CD8+ T cell long-term survival as memory cells and suggest that microbial metabolites guide the metabolic rewiring of activated CD8+ T cells to enable this transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabell Bachem
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Christina Makhlouf
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Katrina J Binger
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - David P de Souza
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Deidra Tull
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Katharina Hochheiser
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Paul G Whitney
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Daniel Fernandez-Ruiz
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sabrina Dähling
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | | | - Johanna Jönsson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Elise Gressier
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Andrew M Lew
- Immunology Division, Walter and Eliza Hall Institute for Medical Research, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Carolina Perdomo
- Department of Immunology, Max-Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Kupz
- Department of Immunology, Max-Planck Institute for Infection Biology, Berlin, Germany; Centre for Biosecurity and Tropical Infectious Diseases, Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Cairns, QLD, Australia
| | - William Figgett
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Fabienne Mackay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Moshe Oleshansky
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Brendan E Russ
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Ian A Parish
- Cancer Immunology Program, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Axel Kallies
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Malcolm J McConville
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Stephen J Turner
- Department of Microbiology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Thomas Gebhardt
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
| | - Sammy Bedoui
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology at the Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia.
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