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Bryant L, Free RC, Woolf K, Melbourne C, Guyatt AL, John C, Gupta A, Gray LJ, Nellums L, Martin CA, McManus IC, Garwood C, Modhawdia V, Carr S, Wain LV, Tobin MD, Khunti K, Akubakar I, Pareek M. Cohort Profile: The United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity and COVID-19 outcomes in Healthcare workers (UK-REACH). Int J Epidemiol 2023; 52:e38-e45. [PMID: 36029521 PMCID: PMC9452183 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyac171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Luke Bryant
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Robert C Free
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Carl Melbourne
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna L Guyatt
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Catherine John
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Amit Gupta
- Oxford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Biostatistics research group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura Nellums
- Population and Lifespan Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Christopher A Martin
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | | | - Claire Garwood
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Vishant Modhawdia
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Sue Carr
- General Medical Council, London, UK.,Department of Nephrology, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Louise V Wain
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Ibrahim Akubakar
- Faculty of Pop Health Sciences, School of Life & Medical Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Manish Pareek
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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2
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Woolf K, Melbourne C, Bryant L, Guyatt AL, McManus IC, Gupta A, Free RC, Nellums L, Carr S, John C, Martin CA, Wain LV, Gray LJ, Garwood C, Modhwadia V, Abrams KR, Tobin MD, Khunti K, Pareek M. The United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 outcomes in Healthcare workers (UK-REACH): protocol for a prospective longitudinal cohort study of healthcare and ancillary workers in UK healthcare settings. BMJ Open 2021; 11:e050647. [PMID: 34535484 PMCID: PMC8450967 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-050647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in significant morbidity and mortality and devastated economies globally. Among groups at increased risk are healthcare workers (HCWs) and ethnic minority groups. Emerging evidence suggests that HCWs from ethnic minority groups are at increased risk of adverse COVID-19-related outcomes. To date, there has been no large-scale analysis of these risks in UK HCWs or ancillary workers in healthcare settings, stratified by ethnicity or occupation, and adjusted for confounders. This paper reports the protocol for a prospective longitudinal questionnaire study of UK HCWs, as part of the UK-REACH programme (The United Kingdom Research study into Ethnicity And COVID-19 outcomes in Healthcare workers). METHODS AND ANALYSIS A baseline questionnaire will be administered to a national cohort of UK HCWs and ancillary workers in healthcare settings, and those registered with UK healthcare regulators, with follow-up questionnaires administered at 4 and 8 months. With consent, questionnaire data will be linked to health records with 25-year follow-up. Univariate associations between ethnicity and clinical COVID-19 outcomes, physical and mental health, and key confounders/explanatory variables will be tested. Multivariable analyses will test for associations between ethnicity and key outcomes adjusted for the confounder/explanatory variables. We will model changes over time by ethnic group, facilitating understanding of absolute and relative risks in different ethnic groups, and generalisability of findings. ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION The study is approved by Health Research Authority (reference 20/HRA/4718), and carries minimal risk. We aim to manage the small risk of participant distress about questions on sensitive topics by clearly participant information that the questionnaire covers sensitive topics and there is no obligation to answer these or any other questions, and by providing support organisation links. Results will be disseminated with reports to Government and papers submitted to pre-print servers and peer reviewed journals. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER ISRCTN11811602; Pre-results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine Woolf
- Research Department of Medical Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Carl Melbourne
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Luke Bryant
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Anna L Guyatt
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - I Chris McManus
- Research Department of Medical Education, University College London, London, UK
| | - Amit Gupta
- Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK
| | - Robert C Free
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Leicester, East Midlands, UK
| | - Laura Nellums
- Division of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Sue Carr
- University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
- General Medical Council, London, UK
| | - Catherine John
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Christopher A Martin
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
| | - Louise V Wain
- NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Leicester, East Midlands, UK
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Laura J Gray
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Claire Garwood
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Vishant Modhwadia
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
| | - Keith R Abrams
- Centre for Health Economics, University of York, York, North Yorkshire, UK
| | - Martin D Tobin
- Genetic Epidemiology Research Group, Department of Health Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Glenfield Hospital, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre Respiratory Diseases, Leicester, UK
| | - Kamlesh Khunti
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, Leicestershire, UK
| | - Manish Pareek
- Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK
- Department of Infection and HIV Medicine, University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, Leicester, UK
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3
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Grayson JD, Baumgartner MP, Santos Souza CD, Dawes SJ, El Idrissi IG, Louth JC, Stimpson S, Mead E, Dunbar C, Wolak J, Sharman G, Evans D, Zhuravleva A, Roldan MS, Colabufo NA, Ning K, Garwood C, Thomas JA, Partridge BM, de la Vega de Leon A, Gillet VJ, Rauter AP, Chen B. Amyloid binding and beyond: a new approach for Alzheimer's disease drug discovery targeting Aβo-PrP C binding and downstream pathways. Chem Sci 2021; 12:3768-3785. [PMID: 34163650 PMCID: PMC8179515 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04769d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β oligomers (Aβo) are the main toxic species in Alzheimer's disease, which have been targeted for single drug treatment with very little success. In this work we report a new approach for identifying functional Aβo binding compounds. A tailored library of 971 fluorine containing compounds was selected by a computational method, developed to generate molecular diversity. These compounds were screened for Aβo binding by a combined 19F and STD NMR technique. Six hits were evaluated in three parallel biochemical and functional assays. Two compounds disrupted Aβo binding to its receptor PrPC in HEK293 cells. They reduced the pFyn levels triggered by Aβo treatment in neuroprogenitor cells derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC). Inhibitory effects on pTau production in cortical neurons derived from hiPSC were also observed. These drug-like compounds connect three of the pillars in Alzheimer's disease pathology, i.e. prion, Aβ and Tau, affecting three different pathways through specific binding to Aβo and are, indeed, promising candidates for further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- James D Grayson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brookhill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Matthew P Baumgartner
- Computational Chemistry and Cheminformatics, Eli Lilly and Company, Lilly Biotechnology Center San Diego CA 92121 USA
| | | | - Samuel J Dawes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brookhill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds Leeds LS2 9JT UK
| | | | - Jennifer C Louth
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brookhill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Sasha Stimpson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brookhill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | - Emma Mead
- Computational Chemistry and Chemoinformatics, Eli Lilly and Company Erl Wood Windlesham GU20 6PH UK
| | - Charlotte Dunbar
- Computational Chemistry and Chemoinformatics, Eli Lilly and Company Erl Wood Windlesham GU20 6PH UK
| | - Joanna Wolak
- Computational Chemistry and Chemoinformatics, Eli Lilly and Company Erl Wood Windlesham GU20 6PH UK
| | - Gary Sharman
- Computational Chemistry and Chemoinformatics, Eli Lilly and Company Erl Wood Windlesham GU20 6PH UK
| | - David Evans
- Computational Chemistry and Chemoinformatics, Eli Lilly and Company Erl Wood Windlesham GU20 6PH UK
| | | | | | - Nicola Antonio Colabufo
- Univ Bari, Biofordrug Via Edoardo Orabona 4 I-70125 Bari Italy
- Univ Bari, Dipartimento Farm Sci Farmaco Via Edoardo Orabona 4 I-70125 Bari Italy
| | - Ke Ning
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2HQ UK
| | - Claire Garwood
- Sheffield Institute of Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield Sheffield S10 2HQ UK
| | - James A Thomas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brookhill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
| | | | | | | | - Amélia P Rauter
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa ED C8, 5 piso 1749-016 Lisboa Portugal
| | - Beining Chen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield Brookhill Sheffield S3 7HF UK
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de Matos AM, Blázquez-Sánchez MT, Bento-Oliveira A, de Almeida RFM, Nunes R, Lopes PEM, Machuqueiro M, Cristóvão JS, Gomes CM, Souza CS, El Idrissi IG, Colabufo NA, Diniz A, Marcelo F, Oliveira MC, López Ó, Fernandez-Bolaños JG, Dätwyler P, Ernst B, Ning K, Garwood C, Chen B, Rauter AP. Glucosylpolyphenols as Inhibitors of Aβ-Induced Fyn Kinase Activation and Tau Phosphorylation: Synthesis, Membrane Permeability, and Exploratory Target Assessment within the Scope of Type 2 Diabetes and Alzheimer's Disease. J Med Chem 2020; 63:11663-11690. [PMID: 32959649 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c00841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Despite the rapidly increasing number of patients suffering from type 2 diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, and diabetes-induced dementia, there are no disease-modifying therapies that are able to prevent or block disease progress. In this work, we investigate the potential of nature-inspired glucosylpolyphenols against relevant targets, including islet amyloid polypeptide, glucosidases, and cholinesterases. Moreover, with the premise of Fyn kinase as a paradigm-shifting target in Alzheimer's drug discovery, we explore glucosylpolyphenols as blockers of Aβ-induced Fyn kinase activation while looking into downstream effects leading to Tau hyperphosphorylation. Several compounds inhibit Aβ-induced Fyn kinase activation and decrease pTau levels at 10 μM concentration, particularly the per-O-methylated glucosylacetophloroglucinol and the 4-glucosylcatechol dibenzoate, the latter inhibiting also butyrylcholinesterase and β-glucosidase. Both compounds are nontoxic with ideal pharmacokinetic properties for further development. This work ultimately highlights the multitarget nature, fine structural tuning capacity, and valuable therapeutic significance of glucosylpolyphenols in the context of these metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M de Matos
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - M Teresa Blázquez-Sánchez
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Andreia Bento-Oliveira
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Rodrigo F M de Almeida
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Rafael Nunes
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal.,Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Pedro E M Lopes
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Miguel Machuqueiro
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Joana S Cristóvão
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Cláudio M Gomes
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
| | - Cleide S Souza
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Imane G El Idrissi
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola A Colabufo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia-Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari "A. Moro", Via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Ana Diniz
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - Filipa Marcelo
- UCIBIO, REQUIMTE, Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Caparica 2829-516, Portugal
| | - M Conceição Oliveira
- Mass Spectrometry Facility at CQE, Insituto Superior Técnico, Av. Rovisco Pais, Lisboa 1049-001, Portugal
| | - Óscar López
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, Sevilla E-41071, Spain
| | - José G Fernandez-Bolaños
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de Sevilla, Apartado 1203, Sevilla E-41071, Spain
| | - Philipp Dätwyler
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, Basel CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Beat Ernst
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Basel, Klingelbergstrasse 50, Basel CH-4056, Switzerland
| | - Ke Ning
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Claire Garwood
- Department of Neuroscience, Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, The University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2HQ, United Kingdom
| | - Beining Chen
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, United Kingdom
| | - Amélia P Rauter
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, Lisboa 1749-016, Portugal
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5
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Matos AM, Man T, Idrissi I, Souza CC, Mead E, Dunbar C, Wolak J, Oliveira MC, Evans D, Grayson J, Partridge B, Garwood C, Ning K, Sharman G, Chen B, Rauter AP. Discovery of N-methylpiperazinyl flavones as a novel class of compounds with therapeutic potential against Alzheimer’s disease: synthesis, binding affinity towards amyloid β oligomers (Aβo) and ability to disrupt Aβo-PrPC interactions. PURE APPL CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1515/pac-2019-0114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
With no currently available disease-modifying drugs, Alzheimer’s disease is the most common type of dementia affecting over 47 million people worldwide. In light of the most recent discoveries placing the cellular prion protein (PrPC) as a key player in amyloid β oligomer (Aβo)-induced neurodegeneration, we investigated whether the neuroprotective potential of nature-inspired flavonoids against Aβ-promoted toxicity would translate into the ability to disrupt PrPC-Aβo interactions. Hence, we synthesized a small library of flavones and studied their binding affinity towards Aβo by STD-NMR. C-glucosyl flavones exhibited improved binding affinity with morpholine, thiomorpholine or N-methylpiperazine rings attached to the flavone skeleton in ring B para position. Moreover, a N-methylpiperazinyl flavone displayed suitable physicochemical properties and optimal water solubility even without the sugar moiety, and a high interaction with Aβo involving the whole flavone core. Its C-glucosyl derivative, was, however, the best compound to inhibit PrPC-Aβo interactions in a dose-dependent manner, with 41 % of inhibition capacity at 10 μM. The potential of C-glucosyl flavones and their aglycones as protein-protein interaction inhibitors able to tackle PrPC-Aβo interactions is here presented for the first time, and supports this class of compounds as new prototypes for further development in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana M. Matos
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa , Ed. C8, Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa , Ed. C8, Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - Teresa Man
- Department of Chemistry , Erl Wood Manor, Eli Lilly , Windlesham , UK
| | - Imane Idrissi
- Biofordrug, Via Edoardo Orabona , 4 , 70125 – Bari BA , Italy
| | - Cleide C. Souza
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Emma Mead
- Department of Biology , Erl Wood Manor, Eli Lilly , Windlesham , UK
| | - Charlotte Dunbar
- Department of Biology , Erl Wood Manor, Eli Lilly , Windlesham , UK
| | - Joanna Wolak
- Department of Chemistry , Erl Wood Manor, Eli Lilly , Windlesham , UK
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Maria C. Oliveira
- Mass Spectrometry Facility, Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico , Av. Rovisco Pais , 1049-001 Lisboa , Portugal
| | - David Evans
- Department of Chemistry , Erl Wood Manor, Eli Lilly , Windlesham , UK
| | - James Grayson
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Benjamin Partridge
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Claire Garwood
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Ke Ning
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Gary Sharman
- Department of Chemistry , Erl Wood Manor, Eli Lilly , Windlesham , UK
| | - Beining Chen
- Department of Chemistry , The University of Sheffield , Dainton Building, Brook Hill , S3 7HF Sheffield , UK
| | - Amélia P. Rauter
- Centro de Química e Bioquímica, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa , Ed. C8, Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa , Ed. C8, Campo Grande , 1749-016 Lisboa , Portugal
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6
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Simpson JE, Ince PG, Matthews FE, Shaw PJ, Heath PR, Brayne C, Garwood C, Higginbottom A, Wharton SB. A neuronal DNA damage response is detected at the earliest stages of Alzheimer's neuropathology and correlates with cognitive impairment in the Medical Research Council's Cognitive Function and Ageing Study ageing brain cohort. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2015; 41:483-96. [PMID: 25443110 PMCID: PMC4861215 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Population-based studies have shown that approximately 20% of the ageing population (aged 65 years and over) with dementia have little or no classical Alzheimer-type neuropathology. Cumulative DNA damage and a reduced capacity of DNA repair may result in neuronal dysfunction and contribute to cognitive impairment independent of Alzheimer-type pathology in the ageing brain. METHODS We investigated expression of the DNA damage response (DDR)-associated molecules γH2AX and DNA-PKcs using immunohistochemistry and western blotting, and senescence-associated β-galactosidase in the frontal association neocortex of cases with low levels of Alzheimer-type pathology (Braak & Braak stage 0-II), and explored their relationship to cognitive impairment in a population-representative sample from the Medical Research Council's Cognitive Function and Ageing Study cohort. RESULTS Increases in both γH2AX(+) (r(s) = -0.36, P = 0.025) and DNA-PKcs(+) (r(s) = -0.39, P = 0.01) neuronal counts were associated with a lower Mini-Mental State Examination score. Increasing levels of senescence associated-β-gal(+) pyramidal neurones were weakly associated with the total number of DNA-PKcs(+) neurones (P = 0.08), but not with traditional senescence-associated signalling molecules, including p53 and p16. CONCLUSION The association between the neuronal DDR and cognitive impairment, independent of AD pathology in the ageing brain, may be suggestive of a causal link via neuronal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie E Simpson
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul G Ince
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - Pamela J Shaw
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Paul R Heath
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public Health, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Claire Garwood
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Adrian Higginbottom
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Stephen B Wharton
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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7
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Garwood C, Faizullabhoy A, Wharton SB, Ince PG, Heath PR, Shaw PJ, Baxter L, Gelsthorpe C, Forster G, Matthews FE, Brayne C, Simpson JE. Calcium dysregulation in relation to Alzheimer-type pathology in the ageing brain. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2014; 39:788-99. [PMID: 23421725 DOI: 10.1111/nan.12033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2012] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Calcium dyshomeostasis is implicated in the pathogenesis of several neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer's disease. However, much of the previous research has focused on changes in neuronal calcium signalling. In a recent microarray study we identified dysregulation of several key signalling pathways including the Ca(2+) signalling pathway in astrocytes as Alzheimer-type pathology developed. In this study we sought to determine the expression of calpain-10 and calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase alpha (CamKIIα) in relation to Alzheimer-type pathology in a population-based study. METHODS Using post mortem temporal cortex samples derived from the Medical Research Council Cognitive Function and Ageing Study (MRC-CFAS) ageing brain cohort we examined calpain-10 and CamKIIα gene and protein expression using quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry. RESULTS We demonstrate that astrocytic expression of calpain-10 is up-regulated, and CamKIIα down-regulated with increasing Braak stage. Using immunohistochemistry we confirm protein expression of calpain-10 in astrocytes throughout the temporal cortex and demonstrate that calpain-10 immunoreactivity is correlated with both local and global measures of Alzheimer-type pathology. In addition, we identify a subpopulation of calpain-10 immunoreactive interlaminar astrocytes that extend processes deep into the cortex. CamKIIα is predominantly neuronal in localization and is associated with the presence of diffuse plaques in the ageing brain. DISCUSSION Dysregulated expression of key calcium signalling molecules occurs with progression of Alzheimer-type pathology in the ageing brain, highlighting the need for further functional studies of astrocytic calcium signalling with respect to disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Garwood
- Sheffield Institute for Translational Neuroscience, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
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8
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Simpson J, Ince P, Heath P, Raman R, Garwood C, Shaw P, Gelstorpe C, Baxter L, Forster G, Fiona M, Savva G, Brayne C, Wharton S. P3‐156: Microarray analysis of the astrocyte transcriptome in the aging brain: Relationship to Alzheimer's pathology and APOE genotype. Alzheimers Dement 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2011.05.1596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Julie Simpson
- University of SheffieldNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | - Paul Ince
- University of SheffieldNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | - Paul Heath
- University of SheffieldNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | - Rohini Raman
- University of SheffieldNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Pamela Shaw
- University of SheffieldNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | | | - Lynne Baxter
- University of SheffieldNew YorkNew YorkUnited States
| | | | | | - George Savva
- Institute of Public HealthCambridgeUnited Kingdom
| | - Carol Brayne
- Institute of Public HealthCambridgeUnited Kingdom
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9
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Noble W, Garwood C, Stephenson J, Kinsey AM, Hanger DP, Anderton BH. Minocycline reduces the development of abnormal tau species in models of Alzheimer's disease. FASEB J 2008; 23:739-50. [DOI: 10.1096/fj.08-113795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Noble
- Department of NeuroscienceKing's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - Claire Garwood
- Department of NeuroscienceKing's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - John Stephenson
- Department of NeuroscienceKing's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - Anna M. Kinsey
- Division of Old Age Psychiatry, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration ResearchKing's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - Diane P. Hanger
- Department of NeuroscienceKing's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUK
| | - Brian H. Anderton
- Department of NeuroscienceKing's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUK
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Noble W, Garwood C, Hanger DP, Anderton BH. P3‐342: Amyloid‐mediated NCX3 cleavage by calpain is an early and toxic event. Alzheimers Dement 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2008.05.1911] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendy Noble
- MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, King's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Claire Garwood
- MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, King's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Diane P. Hanger
- MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, King's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUnited Kingdom
| | - Brian H. Anderton
- MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, King's College London, Institute of PsychiatryLondonUnited Kingdom
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Abstract
Hyperphosphorylated tau aggregates are the core constituent of neurofibrillary tangles. Recent research has shown a division between the presence of tangles, neurodegeneration and subsequent memory impairment, raising the possibility that an earlier pre-aggregated form of tau may be toxic. To gain further insight into the relationship between abnormal forms of tau, we have analyzed pathological changes in tau during tauopathy development in tangle-forming transgenic mice. In addition, we have quantified changes in the endogenous levels of a panel of protein kinases. We show progressive increases in aggregated tau and disease-specific conformational change, with hyperphosphorylation occurring in an age-dependent manner at specific sites. There were significant correlations between specific phosphorylation changes and amounts of aggregated tau and and abnormal tau conformations. Of the protein kinases tested, we found increases in phosphorylated (activated) p38 and the cyclin-dependent kinase-5 neuronal activators, p35 and p25, with aging, in the htau line, but not in non-tangle-forming control mice. Changes in tau kinases correlated with the amount of tau present in abnormal conformations and with insoluble tau in htau mice. These data suggest that cdk5 and p38 may be associated with pathological changes in wild-type human tau during the progressive development of tauopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Kelleher
- King's College London, Department of Neuroscience, MRC Centre for Neurodegeneration Research, Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK
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Rogers JE, Agius RM, Garwood C, Rector AL, Chen Y, Hussey L, Turner S. Attitudes and access to electronic exchange of information on occupational disease. Occup Med (Lond) 2004; 54:316-21. [PMID: 15289588 DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqh094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND THOR is a network of work-related disease surveillance schemes dependent on volunteer case reporting by medical specialists. Data collection and dissemination has hitherto been paper-based. AIMS To elicit the opinion of existing reporters in THOR on electronic exchange of information and to assess the practical capabilities of the same reporters to participate in electronic communication. METHODS A mail-based questionnaire of randomly selected THOR reporters using closed format questions. RESULTS The response rate to the questionnaire was 66% (253/383). Almost half (47%) of the responders wanted dissemination of information solely in an electronic form, 35% favoured paper-based reports, while 16% wanted both paper and electronic reports. Two-thirds (66%) would make use of electronic archives of reports and 59% would use this facility to resolve questions by accessing accumulated data. The majority (82%) read e-mail more than once a week and 34% browsed the web as frequently. However, 5% did not have e-mail and 6% never browsed the web. Most responders judged their internet connectivity to be rapid (68%) and convenient (83%), and 91% could receive e-mail attachments. CONCLUSIONS Most responders have the skills and infrastructure required to engage in electronic information exchange, and are favourably disposed to electronic means of communication. However it is also relevant to note that one-third of responders have a preference for the existing paper-based system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Rogers
- Medical Informatics Group, Department of Computer Science, Oxford Road, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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